The Power of Persistence: Education System ... - EQUIP123.net

Zambia Time Line
Before 1990
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
POLITICAL
DIMENSIONS
STATUS
INDICATORS
Head of State
Minister of Education
Civil Society &
Political Events
Primary NER
Primary Completion
% GNP on Education
Measuring Learning
Gender Parity Index
(1972-91) Kenneth Kaunda (1991-01) Frederick Chiluba
(2002-08) Levy Patrick Mwanawasa
(1972) Transition to a one-party socialist state
(1990-01) Issues of corruption & accountability
(1991) MMD (Movement for Multiparty Democracy); Mutli-party constitution adopted
(1991) Political transition, new political philosophy, liberalism, decentraliztion, privitaization
() Geoffrey Lungwana () Dora Siliya
(1990) 79% Primary NER (1995) 75% Primary NER (2001) 63% Primary NER (2005) 89% Primary NER
(2007) 86% Primary Completion Rate
(2000) 58% Primary Completion Rate (2005) 81% Primary Completion Rate
(2000) 2% GDP on Education (2005) 2% GDP on Education
(1996) SACMEQ Reading = 478 (2000) SACMEQ Reading = 440, Math=435 (2006) SACMEQ To be added
(2000) GPI .98 (2005) GPI 1.02 (2007) GPI 1.01
TECHNICAL
DIMENSIONS
Programmatic Activities
(1992-cont.) Communities allowed to run schools
(1995-cont.) Education Boards established in Copper Belt Province
(1996-cont.) ZCSS (Zambia Community
Schools Secretariat) established
(1999-cont.) Community schools integrated into BESSIP
(2003) DEBs District Education Boards established in all 72 districts
(2001-cont.) Community schools receive grants
(2006-cont.) Gov’t of Zambia de-emphasized decentralization
(2006) ZCSS collapses, MoE takes on community school oversight
INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSIONS
Policy
Institutional Capacity
(1966) Parliament passes Education Act; TESC
(Teacher Service Commission) established
(1972) GRZ Policy establishes government as sole
provider of education
(1992-cont.) Liberaization & Cost-sharing policy
(1992-96) Focus on Learning (1996-cont.) Educating our Future
(2002) Free Basic Education Policy
(1999-cont.) BESSIP (Basic Education Sub-sector Investment
Program) signed; decentralization programming
(2006-10) FNDP (Fifth National Development Plan)
(2003-07) MoESP (MoE Strategic Plan); increase skill for poverty
reduction, employment, & economic growth
(1992-97) PSRP (Publc Sector Restructuring Programme) - Civil Service Reform
(1999-cont.) Institutional Capacity increased with Ministy Programming
(2008) Revised Education Act (in progress)
(1980-early 2000s) Structural Adjustments
(2000-05) HIPC (Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Debt Initative)
DONOR DIMENSIONS
International Donors
United States
(until-96) Donors working in provinces
(1995-cont.) Emphasis on Primary, Sector-Wide Approach, Decentralization
(1998-cont.) Donor resources account
for 30%+ of current expenditures
(2003-cont.) World Bank leaves, MoE
leading planning, Paris Declaration (2005)
(1999-02) BESSIP (Basic Education Sub-sector Investment Program),
PIU (Program Implementation Unit) set-up tunder BESSIP
(2001-04) Cross-cutting Activity, HIV Mitigation
(2001-04) CHANGES (2005-cont.) CHANGES2
(2005) HIPC Completion Point, external debt reduced to $0.5 billion
(2007-10) JASZ (Joint Assistance Strategy Zambia
(2001-04) EMIS/EDDATA (2004-cont) EQUIP 2
(2001-03) IRI (2004-cont.) QUESTT (IRI)
(2000-cont.) USAID & Govt of Zambia, SOAG (Strategic Objective Agreement focused on quality education
DRIVING
FORCES
International Events
Other Forces
(1990) Jomtien EFA (Education for All) declaration (2000) Dakar EFA (Education for All)
(1975-90) Copper Crisis; oil shocks; difficult economy and growing political crisis
(Since 2000) Estimated HIV prevalence of 16% among ages15-49
(1989-95) Fall of communism, capitalist approaches