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TABLE 23. Percent mortality of Sitophilul zeamais Motschulsky in rice, maize, and wheat grain, each treated with three different dosages of Malathion. Chapingo, Mexico (temperate climate) and Tepalcingo, Morelos (sub-tropical climate), 1968 69-70. c: .~ ~i .. - cil 15 RIc. % % 8 71 49 28 79 63 49 47 23 10 5 M .Iza Do.aga. 15 10 CHAPINGO ppm 5 15 Whaa t 10 5 % % % % % %% 5 100 100 100 100 100 82 44 100 100 100 97 93 55 10 100 100 100 82 38 5 Two applications were made: at two weeks after plant emergence, and at eight weeks after emergence. Birlane, Cytrolane, Gardona, Bidrin and Azodrin, where the compounds tested for the first time. Sevin and TeJodrin were included for comparison. Considering the overall performance on fall armyworm (Table 24), the data indicate that Telodrin, Birlane and Cytrolane were the most effective at Tlaltizapan. Cytrolane, Telodrin and Gardona provided the best protection at Poza Rica. In spite of the low stem borer population at Tlaltizapan, it was possible to detect differences among the insecticides tested, with Telodrin, Gardona, and BirJane showing the greatest effectiveness. At Poza Rica, the same compounds provided the most protection (Table 24). 70 17 91 9 112 14 134 10 162 183 204 7 2 6 5 1 100 99 82 o 100 97 35 o 96 90 13 o 96 97 17 92 45 6 25 17 6 16 9 2 19 8 3 2 7 o o o 2 o o TABLE 24. Relative effectiveness of several insecticides formulated in granules on the fall armyworm and stem borers at Tlaltizapan, Morelos and Poza Rica, Veracruz, Mexico, 1969. 141 162 183 204 224 244 265 303 323 348 376 412 435 100 100 100 100 100 99 95 87 100 99 99 71 100 100 100 96 100 99 96 47 97 74 67 25 70' 39 460 8 0 488 95 49 511 34 19 544 31 7 577 54 47 605 93 71 488 511 544 577 605 o o o 98 96 84 51 89 29 95 88 79 5 19 6 12 TEPALCINGO 100 98 100 69 56 19 24 8 15 100 86 92 28 28 9 21 16 18 81 31 45 19 14 8 11 5 16 Mortality on Emarglng Adult o o o 1 6 7 43 22 5 3 6 21 2 10 11 10 22 5 4 4 16 o 87 35 o 58 18 o 56 27 o 26 26 o 25 21 90 56 10 13 23 13 15 12 8 2 10 3 7 In.ect. 54 23 4 5 7 5 5 3 4 6 5 1 9 9 3 1 5 18 15 17 Rica and wheat were transferred from Chapingo to Tepalcingo 145 days after th. experiment began, and corn after 187 days. Infestation and readings proceeded as before. Data reported ere the average. of four replications. Malathion was applied to the grain on July 18, 1968. 3 8 1 3 1 4 4 4 10 0 17 35 48 15 11 5 17 26 15 42 16 36 1 3 5 9 6 3 5 5 4 3 7 4 8 4 o 0 22 17 9 3 1 7 19 15 20 21 31 28 Granular InsectIcide and Concentration Telodrln 1.5 % Blrlane 2.0% Savin 2.5% Cytrolane 10.0% Gerdona 2.0% Bidrin 2.0% Azodrln 2.0% Check (Untreated) LSD 0.05 1.5% 10.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 0.05 Kg/ha % Fall Armyworm Da mage Plent. efter one Appllcetlon 234 weeks weeks weeks TLALTIZAPAN, MORELOS 8.0 1 16 8.0 1 22 10.0 4 25 2.5 4 15 8.0 6 22 8.0 10 31 8.0 17 32 40 25 7 11 POZA RICA, VERACRUZ 8.0 2.5 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 5 6 17 21 28 28 15 29 21 36 25 52 51 14 15 17 21 18 21 19 17 14 NS 18 23 23 14 28 38 15 Stem Borer 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.3 Planting date: July 22, 1969. Test conducted during the rainy .eason. Data are average. of 5 replications, plots 5 rows, 5 meters· long. Telodrin Cytrolane Birlane Gardona Bldrin Azodrin LSD 1.8 3.7 2.1 2.3 3.5 3.5 0.8 Planting date: July 29, 1969. Test conducted during the rainy season. Data are averages of 5 replications. Plots 4 rows, 4 meters long. Stem borer = Tlaltizapan: Zeadiatraea grandiosella, Poza Rica: Z. IInealata and olatraea saccharalls. Fall armyworm = Spodoptera frugiperda. 40
Additional information was wasobtained concerning the thetiming of ofapplication of ofgranular insecticides (Table 25). 25). con As Asininprevious tests, the thefirst firstapplication made 2 2toto4 4weeks after afterplant plantemergence provided the themost most effective protection against the thefall fallarmyworm. The Thelowest stem stemborer damage was wasregistered when the thesecond application was wasmade 7 7toto9 9weeks after afterplant emergence. TABLE 25. 25. Effect of oftiming of of applying Telodrin 1.5 1.5 %% in ingranular formulation, 8 8kgjha per perap ap application on onfall fallarmyworm and andstem stemborer at at Tlaltizapan, Morelos and andPoza PozaRica, Rica, Veracruz, Mexico, 1969. 1969. Although yield yieldincrements over overthe thecheck were werenot not substantial (except in inthe thetest test established at at PozaRica RicaononFebruary 17) 17) in inmost cases the thetreated plots plotsyielded more than than the thecheck. Another test test was wasconducted at at Poza Rica Rica to todetermine the thenumber of ofapplications and and proper timing of ofthe theapplications during the the rainy season. The Thefindings (Table 26) 26) revealed that thattwo twoapplications (15 (15and and3030days daysafter plant emergence) werenecessary to tosuppress fall fall armyworm. An Anadditional application, made 45 45days daysafter afterplant emergence, significantly reduced stemborer damage to tothe thestalks and and ears. .0- .0- 0- 0- 0- 0- -0 -0 -0 -0 -0 -0 0- 0- -0 -0 Time Time of of treatment weeks weeks ..ri .D C C ..ri .D after after plant plant emergence II II :> :> :> ~ If If .... .... ... ... ... ... .... .... 0- .... - .... 0- - ... ... Tlaltizapan Poza Poza Rica Rica Av. Av. % % plants plants damaged by by fall fall armyworm"'''' armyworm* * TABLE 26. 26. Reduction of offall fall armyworm and and 2 weeks and 6 weeks after 0.3 26 7 22 stem stemborer infestations by bya avariable number of of 3 weeks and 7 weeks after 1.4 25 11 23 applications of ofgranular Telodrin 1.51.5% % 8 8kgjha per perapplication. Poza Poza Rica, Rica, Veracruz, Mexico, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after 2.5 23 12 36 1969. 2 weeks and 6 weeks after 0.3 26 7 22 3 weeks and 7 weeks after 1.4 25 11 23 4 weeks and 8 weeks afler 2.5 23 12 36 5 5weeks weeks and and9 9weeks weeks after after 14.8 14.8 45 45 16 16 44 44 Check Check 46.7 46.7 74 74 25 25 41 41 % % Fall Fall armyworm damaged Stemborer LSD LSD0.05 0.05 34 34 10 10 14 14 plants plants C- Time Time of of ~ ; After After !o. Av. Av. Number of of borer borer damaged treatment ~i c c .. .. " II 0 days after plant .. .. .. .. .. .. -& " II 0 days after plant .. on on .. on on -8, .. .. " -" -" -" -" -" -" :> :> internodes/plant"" " f!. 1 .. f!. II "" t "" I "" II emergence t I: t I "" Z I "" II "" t 1 .. II I .. .. II II]"r! ]"r!,,"" _ ,,-" u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .a'S '"i ¥ 2 2weeks weeks and and6 6weeks weeksafter after 0.08 0.08 0 0 1.9 1.9 .a'S II II 2.3 2.3 ~ ~ .. ...- .- ..c ..c ... ... PI PI ~ ~ lfl lfl -0 -0 .... .... -= -= c o c oW W >- >- u u 3 3weeks weeksandand7 7weeks weeksafter after 0.05 0.05 0 0 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.8 4 4weeks weeks and and8 8weeks weeks after after 0.06 0.06 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 5 5weeks weeks and and9 9weeks weeksafter after 0.04 0.04 0 0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 Check Check 67 67 60 60 50 50 45 45 24 24 25 25 3.9 3.9 44 44 100 100 Check Check 0.64 0.64 0 0 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.0 15 15 days days after after 63 63 10 10 29 29 26 26 19 19 3.6 3.6 29 29 106 106 L5DLSD0.05 0.05 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 15 15 and and 30 30 days days after after 67 67 6 6 0 0 2 2 2 2 1.6 1.6 20 20 113 113 Average yield yield as as percent 15,30 and and 45 45 of of check check days days after after 56 56 0 0 8 8 0 0 2 2 1.3 1.3 17 17 107 107 2 2weeks weeksandand6 6weeks weeksafter after 106 106 115 115 183 183 105 105 15,30,45 and and 3 3weeks weeksandand7 7weeks weeksafter after 100 100 120 120 119 119 109 109 60 60 days days after after 60 60 2 2 5 5 0 0 0.8 0.8 18 18 113 113 4 4weeks weeksandand8 8weeks weeksafter after 102 102 115 115 174 174 110 110 LSD LSD0.05 0.05 NS NS 11 11 5 5weeks weeksandand9 9weeks weeksafter after 104 104 118 118 152 152 100 100 " " 16 16 8 8 8 8 8 8 0.5 0.5 12 12 Check Check 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Data Datareare average of of 5 5replications. Plots Plots were were 4 4rows, rows, 4 4meters LSD LSD0.05 0.05 44 44 long. long. Fall Fall armyworm = = Spodoptera frugiperda. " Planting " dates dates for for each eachtest. test. Stem 5temborer borer = = Zeadiatraea lineolata linealalaand andDiatraea saccharalis. ".•• Fall Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) records are aretheIheav-average eragethroughout the theseason. Planting Planlingdate: date: July July29, 29, 1969. 1969. Test Test conducted during the therainy rainy "."" "" At At T Ia T Ia It izapa It n nZeadiatraea grandiosella Snd Indat atPoza PozaRica Rica season. Z. Z. Iineolata Iineolalaand andDiatraea Dialraeasaccharalis. " Count " Count made madejust just before the thefirst first application. 41 41
Page 1 and 2: REPORT ON PROGRESS TOWARD INCREASIN
Page 3 and 4: Contents Page INDEX Page INDEX 3 BO
Page 5 and 6: Board of Directors JUAN GIL PRECIAD
Page 7 and 8: WHEAT HEADQUARTERS STAFF NORMAN E.
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Throughout the develop
Page 11 and 12: sistance, ~etc. is obtained in one
Page 13: Puebla can be readily transferred a
Page 16 and 17: In support of these global efforts.
Page 18 and 19: In the case of Opaque-2 populations
Page 20 and 21: High Protein Quality Mutants from P
Page 22 and 23: Quantitative Approach in Improving
Page 24 and 25: BREEDING In CIMMYT's maize breeding
Page 26 and 27: To generate a maize population of m
Page 28 and 29: During the past year, grain-to-stov
Page 30 and 31: Based on one year's data, the corre
Page 32 and 33: A Comparisonof of Two Methods of of
Page 34 and 35: With the same purpose in mind, 35 S
Page 36 and 37: Two rates of N (80 and 160 kgsjha)
Page 38 and 39: TABLE 20. Incidence of stunt diseas
Page 40 and 41: ENTOMOLOGY Stem Borer Resistance An
Page 44 and 45: Optimum Sample Size for Determining
Page 46 and 47: the workshop were to: review work d
Page 48 and 49: A project was initiated in 1968 to
Page 50 and 51: station produced seed of synthetics
Page 52 and 53: crossed to 250 elite varietal colle
Page 55 and 56: WHEAT 57 MEXICO: The Joint CIMMYT·
Page 57 and 58: duced under very unfavorable weathe
Page 59 and 60: for research on spring wheat improv
Page 61 and 62: inary yield tests and were given th
Page 63 and 64: est climate and locations for ident
Page 65 and 66: TABLE W5. Grain yields of ten of th
Page 67 and 68: sound scientific approach, incorpor
Page 69 and 70: TABLE W8. Lines from the Bread Whea
Page 71 and 72: TABLE W10. Seedling and adult plant
Page 73 and 74: Nematode Damage on Wheat For the pa
Page 75 and 76: !las been done by Dr. Mario Vela of
Page 77 and 78: ~~-----~ tein. The protein ranged f
Page 79 and 80: Cultural Practices: Special attenti
Page 81 and 82: grain is highly undesirable and pro
Page 83 and 84: 21 20 " " VHrl ,. ,, . :'. . i ,.."
Page 85 and 86: HA'UR HAPUR MARlEr MARrET WUA'l'PII
Page 87 and 88: market for consumer goods. How much
Page 89 and 90: ern Rajasthan. At 20% urea concentr
Page 91 and 92: and other governmental and semi-gov
Page 93 and 94:
the Effect of Tube Well Development
Page 95 and 96:
The Need for Continued Teamwork One
Page 97 and 98:
of ofboth both breadand and durum w
Page 99 and 100:
evaluation on Septaria resistance.
Page 101 and 102:
A cost benefit ratio of 2.9 to 1 is
Page 103 and 104:
denser stands resulting from improv
Page 105 and 106:
seed needs for next year and for po
Page 107 and 108:
TABLE W22. Effect ·of different ra
Page 109 and 110:
TABLE W24. The Highest Yielding Lin
Page 111 and 112:
to dwarfs, cover about 20 percent o
Page 113 and 114:
which removed the leaves during the
Page 115:
the milk stage of development. It i
Page 118 and 119:
PROMOTION OF ACCELERATED MAIZE PROD
Page 120 and 121:
nitrogen applied in the usual manne
Page 122 and 123:
pIing dates. Nitrogen fertilization
Page 124 and 125:
Averaged over the 7 rates of nitrog
Page 126 and 127:
Response of Triticales to Nitrogen
Page 128 and 129:
problem is due to aluminum toxicity
Page 130 and 131:
five percent and one percent as sto
Page 133 and 134:
COMMUNICATIONS INTRODUCTION Page IN
Page 135 and 136:
TABLE C1. USA MEXICO and CANADA CEN
Page 137 and 138:
A third film on the Puebla Project
Page 139:
SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR 1970 GENERAL
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