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a portion of the yield potential of the high yielding wheat varieties will be realized. Less than 25% of the production of Mexican varieties was sprayed with 2, 4-0 this season. Yield reduction from broad leafed weeds was severe· in many unsprayed fields. Additional harvest costs result from the weeds and fertilizer inputs are inefficiently used. Demonstration of the yield advantage of timely application of 2, 4-0 and some of the new pre-emergence and post-emergence sprays like Karmex and Buctril must be part of the continuing research for production management. Varietal Evaluations The results of the variety demonstrations are presented in Table W18. These demonstrations consisted of duplicated 5 meter x 50 meter plots, with 2.5 meter x 50 meter plots used where seed supply was limited. Fifteen dryland locations and one irrigated demonstration were planted. The demonstrations included seven standard varieties from Mexico, three varieties from India, two Tunisian bread wheats and two Tunisian durum varieties and eleven advanced selections from the Tunisian and <strong>CIMMYT</strong> breeding programs. Nine of the new selections were included primarily for TABLE W18. Summary of variety demonstration yield and disease data from 16 farm demonstrations throughout Northern Tunisia in 1969·1970. I Variety Name or Line Loce· Yield Yield Yield Var. Sep· Stem Stripe Leaf Mil· % F. Source No. Pedigree tlons Q/ha 1 % Inia torla 2 Rust Rust Rust dew Aurore 1 Inl.·66 f6 42.35 100.0 126.4 8-5 0 T·R 5·MS 9-5 Mexico 2 Florenc.Aurore S 16 33.47 79.0 100.0 8·5 10·MS T·R 20-5 2-R Tunisia 3 Tobarl·66 16 41.03 96.8 122.6 5-MR 0 0 0 3-R Mexico 4 Pen)amo-62 16 40.97 96.7 122.4 3·R 0 0 0 3-R Mexico 5 Red River 15 40.07 92.7 117.7 7·MS 0 0 0 3-R U.S.A. 6 Slete Cerros 15 38.67 94.7 120.1 9·HS 5·MS 5·MS 20·5 l·R Mexico 7 Arlana·66 15 39.54 93.6 117.7 7·MS 5·MS 0 T-MS 5·5 Tunisia 8 Sonora·63 8 42.20 89.2 122.8 8·5 T 80-VHS 5·MS 5·5 Mexico 9 Jaral·66 16 35.84 84.6 107.1 3·R 0 0 0 l·R Mexico 10 SonaUka 11 40.44 100.6 123.4 8·5 0 5·MR T 7-5 India 11 Safld Lerma 11 41.02 102.1 125.1 8·5 0 5·MS 0 8-5 India 12 Chhotl Lerma 11 43.97 109.4 134.1 8·5 0 80·VHS 0 9·5 India 13 0.5825 (Durum) 16 33.23 78.4 99.3 5-R 20·5 15-HS 45·5 8·5 Tunisia 14 D·56·3A (Durum) 10 27.78 70.6 86.0 9·5 20·5 0 45·5 9·5 Tunisia 15 Mexico 1602 CaUdad ..s.... 22429·16M·1Y·l M·OY 14 39.98 93.5 119.5 3-R 5-MS T·MS 0 8·5 Mexico 16 Mexico 1601 Candad ..... 22429·11M·1Y·1M·OY 4 41.30 89.9 12q 3·R 0 0 0 5·5 Mexico 17 Mexico 1603 CaUdad "s" 22429·16M·1Y-4M·OY 4 53.25 97.2 132.4 3-R 0 0 0 5·5 Mexico 11 BT2292 Sonora 64 x Klein Rend. 19975-68Y·1J·lY·1J·5Y·l T 6 46.63 104.9 133.6 T·R 0 0 0 0 Argentina 19 BT2296 Sonora 64 x Klein Rend. 19975-68Y·1J-6Y·1J·3Y 5 48.70 105.1 135.4 T·R 0 0 0 0 Argentina 20 Bt2297 Sonora 64 x Klein Rend. 19975·68Y·1J·4Y·1J-4Y 5 35.60 81.2 104.3 T·R 0 0 0 0 Argentina 21 PMI95 Ciano "s" 19957·1IM·2Y·6M·1Y·ZM·1Y 6 45.32 92.7 123.5 5·MR 0 0 0 0 Mexico 22 PMI51 Inla "s" x Napo 63 I 47.86 100.9 120.9 5·MS 0 0 0 3·MR Mextco 23 PMII Mara Backcross Victor I VI 130 3 52.10 102.4 124.0 O·R 20·HS 40·VHS 20·5 T·R Italy 24 PMI73 Mara Backcross VZ 133 Mara' x Fn x K 51·N 6 42.00 100.6 117.2 O-R 20·HS 40-VHS 20·5 3·MR Italy 25 Centrlfen 2 49.55 97.1 120.1 T·R 0 0 0 3-R Chile Q/ha = 100 kilograms/hectare. • Realatance on a acale of 0 to 9 with 0 no vlalble di..ase and 9 maximum. Letter de.lgnations Indicate reactions: 5 = Susceptible; R = Rllistant; M = Moderate; H = Highly; VH = Very Highly, and T = Trace. S Moat Important Tunlalan aoft wheat variety. .. "CaUdad" - Refers generlcaUy to Unea from the croas (Tezanos Pintos Precoz x Sonora) x [( Lerma Rojo-Tezanos Pintos Precoz) x Andes dwarf] 22429. 96
evaluation on Septaria resistance. Seed supply was short on many of the new selections, but were seeded in as many locations as possible. Three of the new selections performed very well. They are being increased and will be named as new varieties for Tunisia in 1971. These are: 1) Tunisian BT 2292, 2) Sonora 64 x Klein Rendidor 19975-68Y-1J-1Y-1J-5Y-H (ISWYN entry), and a sister selection BT 2296, # Sonora 64 x Klein Rendidor 19975-68Y-1J 6Y-1J-3Y (PM 47Y-65-66), and 3) Calidad "s" - (Tzpp-Son. 64) (LR 64-Tzpp x AI\JE) 22429 16M-1 Y-4M-OY (PM-2-Y67-68). These varieties have been equal to or superior to Inia 66 in yield under Tunisian conditions during one to three years of testing. They have the best resistance to Septaria of all of the high yielding new selections. Although a trace to light infection of Septoria was found on the varieties this year, the resistance appears to be adequate to protect against moderate to heavy Septaria infection. They constitute the best resistance now available in high yielding varieties. Cultural Practice Studies Management studies were continued on rate and date of seeding, varieties and date of seeding reactions, and soil management. These data indicate that varieties with the maturity date of Inia 66 can be seeded too early. Later maturing varieties like Siete Cerros and Ariana 66 yielded better from early seedings. Inia 66 produced high yields from late November and December seeding. This points out the importance of having a group of varieties with a range of maturity dates for the Tunisian production. In years when moisture is favorable for early seeding, a later maturing variety like Siete Cerros but with good Septaria resistance would yield well. In years with later seeding conditio:1s, variety with the maturity date of Inia 66 or even Jaral 66 would be needed. Inia 66 was the best overall variety, when all dates of seeding, and rainfall areas were considered. Siete Cerros performed well in the early seeded areas of moderate 'rainfall, but Septaria reduced the yield in Bou Salem, Beja and Matur areas. Inia 66 was also heavily infected at these sites, but apparently the attack did not materially reduce the yield. Tobari66 was moderately infected with Septaria and yielded almost as well as Inia 66 in the high rainfall areas. It should be grown in these regions along with Inia 66 to provide some protection against Septaria. Penjamo 62, however, has shown less infection than Tobari 66 and should be used in the high rainfall areas until the new selections mentioned above are increased and put into commercial production. Fertilizer Studies The necessity for an expanded and accelerated soil fertility and fertilizer use program Three new selections have been found highly yielding and resistant to Septoria in Tunisia. These will be increased in 1971. Meanwhile, Inia 66, Siete Cerros, Penjamo 62 and Tobari 66 are being planted in different ar as, depending on availability of seed, dale of planting. and rainfall.
Page 1 and 2:
REPORT ON PROGRESS TOWARD INCREASIN
Page 3 and 4:
Contents Page INDEX Page INDEX 3 BO
Page 5 and 6:
Board of Directors JUAN GIL PRECIAD
Page 7 and 8:
WHEAT HEADQUARTERS STAFF NORMAN E.
Page 9 and 10:
Introduction Throughout the develop
Page 11 and 12:
sistance, ~etc. is obtained in one
Page 13:
Puebla can be readily transferred a
Page 16 and 17:
In support of these global efforts.
Page 18 and 19:
In the case of Opaque-2 populations
Page 20 and 21:
High Protein Quality Mutants from P
Page 22 and 23:
Quantitative Approach in Improving
Page 24 and 25:
BREEDING In CIMMYT's maize breeding
Page 26 and 27:
To generate a maize population of m
Page 28 and 29:
During the past year, grain-to-stov
Page 30 and 31:
Based on one year's data, the corre
Page 32 and 33:
A Comparisonof of Two Methods of of
Page 34 and 35:
With the same purpose in mind, 35 S
Page 36 and 37:
Two rates of N (80 and 160 kgsjha)
Page 38 and 39:
TABLE 20. Incidence of stunt diseas
Page 40 and 41:
ENTOMOLOGY Stem Borer Resistance An
Page 42 and 43:
TABLE 23. Percent mortality of Sito
Page 44 and 45:
Optimum Sample Size for Determining
Page 46 and 47:
the workshop were to: review work d
Page 48 and 49: A project was initiated in 1968 to
Page 50 and 51: station produced seed of synthetics
Page 52 and 53: crossed to 250 elite varietal colle
Page 55 and 56: WHEAT 57 MEXICO: The Joint CIMMYT·
Page 57 and 58: duced under very unfavorable weathe
Page 59 and 60: for research on spring wheat improv
Page 61 and 62: inary yield tests and were given th
Page 63 and 64: est climate and locations for ident
Page 65 and 66: TABLE W5. Grain yields of ten of th
Page 67 and 68: sound scientific approach, incorpor
Page 69 and 70: TABLE W8. Lines from the Bread Whea
Page 71 and 72: TABLE W10. Seedling and adult plant
Page 73 and 74: Nematode Damage on Wheat For the pa
Page 75 and 76: !las been done by Dr. Mario Vela of
Page 77 and 78: ~~-----~ tein. The protein ranged f
Page 79 and 80: Cultural Practices: Special attenti
Page 81 and 82: grain is highly undesirable and pro
Page 83 and 84: 21 20 " " VHrl ,. ,, . :'. . i ,.."
Page 85 and 86: HA'UR HAPUR MARlEr MARrET WUA'l'PII
Page 87 and 88: market for consumer goods. How much
Page 89 and 90: ern Rajasthan. At 20% urea concentr
Page 91 and 92: and other governmental and semi-gov
Page 93 and 94: the Effect of Tube Well Development
Page 95 and 96: The Need for Continued Teamwork One
Page 97: of ofboth both breadand and durum w
Page 101 and 102: A cost benefit ratio of 2.9 to 1 is
Page 103 and 104: denser stands resulting from improv
Page 105 and 106: seed needs for next year and for po
Page 107 and 108: TABLE W22. Effect ·of different ra
Page 109 and 110: TABLE W24. The Highest Yielding Lin
Page 111 and 112: to dwarfs, cover about 20 percent o
Page 113 and 114: which removed the leaves during the
Page 115: the milk stage of development. It i
Page 118 and 119: PROMOTION OF ACCELERATED MAIZE PROD
Page 120 and 121: nitrogen applied in the usual manne
Page 122 and 123: pIing dates. Nitrogen fertilization
Page 124 and 125: Averaged over the 7 rates of nitrog
Page 126 and 127: Response of Triticales to Nitrogen
Page 128 and 129: problem is due to aluminum toxicity
Page 130 and 131: five percent and one percent as sto
Page 133 and 134: COMMUNICATIONS INTRODUCTION Page IN
Page 135 and 136: TABLE C1. USA MEXICO and CANADA CEN
Page 137 and 138: A third film on the Puebla Project
Page 139: SOURCES OF SUPPORT FOR 1970 GENERAL
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