- Page 1 and 2: Electromagnetic Testing Chapter 3-
- Page 3 and 4: Submarine Applications Charlie Chon
- Page 5 and 6: Submarine Applications Charlie Chon
- Page 7 and 8: Submarine Applications Charlie Chon
- Page 9 and 10: Submarine Applications Charlie Chon
- Page 11 and 12: Fion Zhang at Shanghai 6th April 20
- Page 13: IVONA TTS Capable. Charlie Chong/ F
- Page 17 and 18: Barkhausen effect The Barkhausen ef
- Page 19 and 20: Barkhausen Noise Charlie Chong/ Fio
- Page 21 and 22: Figure 3.1 Eddy current principle.
- Page 23 and 24: Figure 3.2 Schematic diagram of bas
- Page 25 and 26: Figure 3.3 The effect of conductivi
- Page 27 and 28: Figure 3.3 The effect of conductivi
- Page 29 and 30: Another important influence on coil
- Page 31 and 32: If the conductivity of the material
- Page 33 and 34: Figure 3.5 The effect of a crack on
- Page 35 and 36: FIGURE 8-49 Conductivity curve: (a)
- Page 37 and 38: So far, we have described how eddy
- Page 39 and 40: Figure 3.6 The effects of (a) condu
- Page 41 and 42: 3.1.2 Limiting Frequency f g of Enc
- Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.7 The effect of degree of
- Page 45 and 46: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
- Page 47 and 48: Eddy Current Heating Charlie Chong/
- Page 49 and 50: Eddy Current Heating Charlie Chong/
- Page 51 and 52: Eddy currents weaken the original m
- Page 53 and 54: 3.2 MAGNETIC FLUX LEAKAGE THEORY Wh
- Page 55 and 56: 3D Magnetic Field Charlie Chong/ Fi
- Page 57 and 58: 3D Magnetic Field Fig.1 THE PRINCIP
- Page 59 and 60: Based on what we have learned about
- Page 61 and 62: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Figure 3.
- Page 63 and 64: Magnetic Field - Simple Semi Ellipt
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Flux leakage sensors have small dia
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The frequency of the alternating fi
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Figure 3.14 Rotating magnet arrange
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3.3 EDDY CURRENT SENSING PROBES For
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As the probe moves over the defect,
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Figure 3.17 Differential surface co
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Figure 3.19 shows an encircling coi
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The application of eddy current sen
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Baffles and tube sheets. Charlie Ch
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Baffles and tube sheets. Charlie Ch
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Baffles and tube sheets. Charlie Ch
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Baffles and tube sheets. Charlie Ch
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Another important consideration for
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3.4.1 Induction Coils For an induct
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If the diameter of a surface coil i
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3.4.2 Hall Effect Sensors Hall effe
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Figure 3.21 illustrates the Hall ef
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Hall voltage Charlie Chong/ Fion Zh
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Since a 1 gauss (G) field produces
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Figure 3.22 Effect of magnetic fiel
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3.5 FACTORS AFFECTING FLUX LEAKAGE
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Defect & Flux Distribution Charlie
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The distance between adjacent defec
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3.6 SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO The signa
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With flux leakage testing, signal-t
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As shown in Eq. (3.6), test frequen
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The characteristic frequency for a
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Figure 3.23 Magnetization or magnet
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By taking the product of B and H fo
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The rate of change of the opposing
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Figure 3.25 Encircling coils establ
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Figure 3.27 DC-MFL sensor illustrat
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Fill factors apply only to encircli
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For best results with encircling co
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3.11 INSTRUMENT DESIGN CONSIDERATIO
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Figure 3.
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TABLE 3.2. Comparison of Instrument
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Some general categories of equipmen
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Figure 3.29 UniWest-454 EddyView mu
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Scanner operation uses a separate c
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Figure 3.30 E-Lab model US-450 full
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3.12.3 ETC-2000 Scanner Because of
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ETC-2000 scanner features include:
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3.13 INSTITUT DR. FOERSTER Institut
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It is possible to provide 100% eddy
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Figure 3.33 ET testing of hot coppe
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For maximum sensitivity, the Circog
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3.14 MAGNETIC FLUX LEAKAGE TESTING
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ASTM E 570 describes magnetic flux
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Figure 3.
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Applications involving physical par
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Inexpensive 60 Hz eddy current comp
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4. Measure the length of nonwelded
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Some general applications for the f
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Permanent magnets are the preferred
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Robot Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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3.17.1 Introduction In 1911, Dr. He
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3.17.2 Early Applications Stresses
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Typical roll failures are caused by
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This technique has been found to be
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Figure 3.38 A comparison of Barkhau
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Figure 3.39 Three-channel Rollscan
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The appropriate depth of measuremen
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3.17.5 Calibration and Testing Bark
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Comparative studies by Kirsti Titto
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3.17.6 Current Applications Barkhau
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3.17.9 Pipe/Tubing/Sheet/Plate Manu
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EMATs overcome many common ultrason
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3.18.1 EMATs Advantages Over Piezoe
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3.18.3 Recent Applications And Deve
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Figure 3.44 Courtesy of Weld Inspec
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3.19 ALTERNATING CURRENT FIELD MEAS
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3.19.1 Acfm Principles Of Operation
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Figure 3.45 Current flow and induce
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3.19.2 Bx and Bz Components The pre
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3.19.3 Butterfly Plot To aid interp
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3.19.4 Probe Design Standard ACFM p
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Figure 3.48 Flowchart selection of
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3.31 APPLICATIONS One active encode
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Other applications include: • Ins
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Eddy Current Testing at High Temper
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Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang