Electromagnetic Testing Chapter 3- Electromagnetic Testing

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Note: AMIGO probes cannot be used with other ACFM instruments because they contain a probe identification chip (PIC) that tells the instrument what probe is being used. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
3.31 APPLICATIONS One active encoder weld probe for ACFM inspection of welds, plates, and tubular materials features a position encoder to provide a continuous position reference, faster defect sizing, and lower probe wear.The probe nose contains a moving belt that is laid on the surface as the probe is scanned along the weld. The moving belt drives the position encoder. Crack end locations are determined by software, reducing inspection time. Probe wear is reduced by use of a replaceable belt and low-wear supporting wheels. This is just one example of a specialized probe. Radiation-hardened array probes have been designed for robotic use in hazardous environments by the USNRC.This system is designed to locate and size fatigue cracks and corrosion pitting. Most robotic systems may also be used underwater. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Electromagnetic Testing Chapter 3-
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Submarine Applications Charlie Chon
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Fion Zhang at Shanghai 6th April 20
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IVONA TTS Capable. Charlie Chong/ F
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Chapter 3. ELECTROMAGNETIC TESTING
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Barkhausen effect The Barkhausen ef
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Barkhausen Noise Charlie Chong/ Fio
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Figure 3.1 Eddy current principle.
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Figure 3.2 Schematic diagram of bas
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Figure 3.3 The effect of conductivi
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Figure 3.3 The effect of conductivi
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Another important influence on coil
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If the conductivity of the material
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Figure 3.5 The effect of a crack on
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FIGURE 8-49 Conductivity curve: (a)
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So far, we have described how eddy
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Figure 3.6 The effects of (a) condu
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3.1.2 Limiting Frequency f g of Enc
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Figure 3.7 The effect of degree of
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Eddy Current Heating Charlie Chong/
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Eddy Current Heating Charlie Chong/
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Eddy currents weaken the original m
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3.2 MAGNETIC FLUX LEAKAGE THEORY Wh
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3D Magnetic Field Charlie Chong/ Fi
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3D Magnetic Field Fig.1 THE PRINCIP
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Based on what we have learned about
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Figure 3.
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Magnetic Field - Simple Semi Ellipt
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Flux leakage sensors have small dia
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The frequency of the alternating fi
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Figure 3.14 Rotating magnet arrange
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3.3 EDDY CURRENT SENSING PROBES For
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As the probe moves over the defect,
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Figure 3.17 Differential surface co
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Figure 3.19 shows an encircling coi
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The application of eddy current sen
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Baffles and tube sheets. Charlie Ch
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Another important consideration for
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3.4.1 Induction Coils For an induct
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If the diameter of a surface coil i
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3.4.2 Hall Effect Sensors Hall effe
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Figure 3.21 illustrates the Hall ef
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Hall voltage Charlie Chong/ Fion Zh
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Since a 1 gauss (G) field produces
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Figure 3.22 Effect of magnetic fiel
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3.5 FACTORS AFFECTING FLUX LEAKAGE
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Defect & Flux Distribution Charlie
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The distance between adjacent defec
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3.6 SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO The signa
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With flux leakage testing, signal-t
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As shown in Eq. (3.6), test frequen
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The characteristic frequency for a
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Figure 3.23 Magnetization or magnet
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By taking the product of B and H fo
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The rate of change of the opposing
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Figure 3.25 Encircling coils establ
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Figure 3.27 DC-MFL sensor illustrat
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Fill factors apply only to encircli
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For best results with encircling co
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3.11 INSTRUMENT DESIGN CONSIDERATIO
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TABLE 3.2. Comparison of Instrument
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Some general categories of equipmen
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Figure 3.29 UniWest-454 EddyView mu
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Scanner operation uses a separate c
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Figure 3.30 E-Lab model US-450 full
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3.12.3 ETC-2000 Scanner Because of
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ETC-2000 scanner features include:
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3.13 INSTITUT DR. FOERSTER Institut
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It is possible to provide 100% eddy
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Figure 3.33 ET testing of hot coppe
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For maximum sensitivity, the Circog
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3.14 MAGNETIC FLUX LEAKAGE TESTING
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ASTM E 570 describes magnetic flux
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Applications involving physical par
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Inexpensive 60 Hz eddy current comp
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Page 179 and 180: 3.17.1 Introduction In 1911, Dr. He
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Page 187 and 188: Figure 3.38 A comparison of Barkhau
Page 189 and 190: Figure 3.39 Three-channel Rollscan
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Page 193 and 194: 3.17.5 Calibration and Testing Bark
Page 195 and 196: Comparative studies by Kirsti Titto
Page 197 and 198: 3.17.6 Current Applications Barkhau
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Page 209 and 210: 3.19 ALTERNATING CURRENT FIELD MEAS
Page 211 and 212: 3.19.1 Acfm Principles Of Operation
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Page 217 and 218: 3.19.3 Butterfly Plot To aid interp
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Page 221: Figure 3.48 Flowchart selection of
Page 225 and 226: Other applications include: • Ins
Page 227 and 228: Eddy Current Testing at High Temper
Page 229 and 230: Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Electromagnetic Testing Chapter 3- Electromagnetic Testing

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