ghg-inventory-1990-2013

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7.2 Solid waste disposal (5.A) 294 7.3 Biological treatment of solid waste (5.B) 302 7.4 Incineration and open burning of waste (5.C) 302 7.5 Wastewater treatment and discharge (CRF 5D) 304 Chapter 7: References 314 Chapter 8: Other 315 Chapter 9: Indirect carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions 316 Chapter 10: Recalculations and improvements 317 10.1 Implications and justifications 317 10.2 Recalculations in response to the review process and planned improvements 329 Chapter 10: References 331 Chapter 11: KP-LULUCF 332 11.1 General information 332 11.2 Land-related information 341 11.3 Activity-specific information 342 11.4 Article 3.3 352 11.5 Article 3.4 355 11.6 Other information 356 11.7 Information relating to Article 6 356 Chapter 11: References 357 Chapter 12: Information on accounting of the Kyoto Protocol units 359 12.1 Background information 359 12.2 Summary of the standard electronic format tables for reporting Kyoto Protocol units 360 12.3 Discrepancies and notifications 387 12.4 Publicly accessible information 387 12.5 Calculation of the commitment period reserve 392 Chapter 12: References 393 Chapter 13: Information on changes to the National Inventory System 394 13.1 Governance 394 13.2 Quality assurance 394 13.3 Data archiving, security and recovery 395 13.4 Development of expertise 396 xx New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013
Chapter 14: Information on changes to the national registry 397 Chapter 15: Information on minimisation of adverse impacts 399 15.1 Overview 399 15.2 Market imperfections, fiscal incentives, tax and duty exemptions and subsidies 400 15.3 Removal of subsidies 401 15.4 Technological development of non-energy uses of fossil fuels 401 15.5 Carbon capture and storage technology development 401 15.6 Improvements in fossil fuel efficiencies 401 15.7 Assistance to non-Annex I Parties dependent on the export and consumption of fossil fuels for diversifying their economies 402 Annex 1: Key categories 403 A1.1 Methodology used for identifying key categories 403 A1.2 Disaggregation 404 A1.3 Tables 7.A1 – 7.A3 of the IPCC good practice guidance 404 Annex 2: Uncertainty analysis (table 3.2 of the IPCC good practice guidance) 414 A2.1 Approach 1 uncertainty calculation 414 Annex 3.1: Detailed methodological information for other sectors 420 A3.1 Agriculture 420 A3.2 Supplementary information for the LULUCF sector 425 Annex 3: References 434 Annex 4: Methodology and data collection for estimating emissions from fossil fuel combustion 436 A4.1 Emissions from liquid fuels 440 A4.2 Emissions from solid fuels 442 A4.3 Emissions from gaseous fuels 443 A4.4 Energy balance for year ended December 2013 445 A4.5 Fuel flow diagrams for year ended December 2013 447 Annex 5: Additional material 450 New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013 xxi
Page 1 and 2: New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inve
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements Key contributors M
Page 5 and 6: ewetting, are voluntary for the sec
Page 7 and 8: (table ES 3.1). This growth in emis
Page 9 and 10: Figure ES 4.3 Change in New Zealand
Page 11 and 12: Agriculture (chapter 5) 2013 New Ze
Page 13 and 14: Waste (chapter 7) The Waste sector
Page 15 and 16: in 1.AA.2.C Chemicals. Further deta
Page 17 and 18: Executive summary: References IPCC.
Page 19: Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
Page 23 and 24: Table 5.1.1 Trends and relative con
Page 25 and 26: Table 6.5.1 New Zealand’s land-us
Page 27 and 28: Table 11.1.1 New Zealand’s emissi
Page 29 and 30: Figure 3.3.1 Reference and sectoral
Page 31: Figure 10.1.8 Effect of recalculati
Page 34 and 35: Convention were not enough to ensur
Page 36 and 37: i. New Zealand’s annual Inventory
Page 38 and 39: Quality control For this submission
Page 40 and 41: UNFCCC annual inventory review New
Page 42 and 43: Tier 1 methods apply IPCC default e
Page 44 and 45: The key categories that were identi
Page 46 and 47: Quantitative method used: IPPC Tier
Page 48 and 49: (b) IPCC Tier 1 category level asse
Page 50 and 51: (a) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
Page 52 and 53: (b) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
Page 54 and 55: cent from the trend uncertainty for
Page 56 and 57: Trading NZUs for international unit
Page 58 and 59: production of methanol has been spl
Page 60 and 61: Chapter 1: References Beets PN, Kim
Page 62 and 63: UNFCCC 2012a: FCCC/KP/CMP/2011/10/A
Page 64 and 65: population of non-dairy cattle, she
Page 66 and 67: Under the Climate Change Convention
Page 68 and 69: Table 2.2.1 New Zealand’s total (
Page 70 and 71:
Figure 2.2.4 Change in New Zealand
Page 72 and 73:
the forest management cap set at 3.
Page 74 and 75:
Chapter 3: Energy 3.1 Sector overvi
Page 76 and 77:
Table 3.1.1 Key sources of 1.A fuel
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improved significantly due to incre
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pricing information international
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the survey was conducted by Statist
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‒ Eleven landfill facilities, tot
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includes further information on liq
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Figure 3.3.4 Energy sector quality
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Figure 3.3.7 Carbon dioxide implied
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ecause the share of electricity gen
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Figure 3.3.9 Decision tree to ident
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Other - Other non-specified - Solid
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esult of this reallocation, and emi
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Figure 3.3.12 Splits used for manuf
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3.3.8 Fuel combustion: Transport (C
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Figure 3.3.13 Methane emissions fro
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‒ a is the slope of the line achi
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purpose-built natural gas (CNG) bus
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sufficient and robust enough to ens
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Residential - Liquid Fuels. Key cat
Page 114 and 115:
Changes in emissions between 2012 a
Page 116 and 117:
The main source of emissions from t
Page 118 and 119:
emissions factor (UEF) in place of
Page 120 and 121:
2000) has an emissions factor that
Page 122 and 123:
Chapter 3: References Australian Bu
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Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
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Figure 4.1.1 New Zealand’s annual
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For PFCs in Aluminium production, a
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In 2013, the Mineral industry categ
Page 132 and 133:
4.2.3 Uncertainties and time-series
Page 134 and 135:
Emissions of CO 2 from hydrogen pro
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use of coal as a reducing agent and
Page 138 and 139:
Perfluorocarbon emissions (t CO 2 -
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factors for the Iron and steel prod
Page 142 and 143:
Table 4.7.1 New Zealand’s halocar
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commercial equipment is pre-charged
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agency. The weighted average quanti
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IPCC, 2000, Tier 1 approach was use
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Food and drink Emissions of NMVOCs
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Chapter 5: Agricu ulture 5.1 Sector
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emissions from manure management co
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population and the reduction in non
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performed on a monthly basis. The e
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egional council boundaries changed.
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onwards for six livestock improveme
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The populations of goats, horses an
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Figure 5.1.6: Agriculture sectoral
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non-urea synthetic fertiliser using
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leaders to follow, including the de
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The model has been updated to inclu
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Table 5.2.1 Trends and relative con
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Table 5.2.3 New Zealand’s implied
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grass-legume pasture, the predomina
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5.2.6 Source-specific planned impro
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Table 5.3.2 Distribution of livesto
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obtained from all New Zealand studi
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Nitrogen excretion rates for the mi
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Indirect nitrous oxide from manure
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the Enteric fermentation section, t
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(evaporation or sublimation) and su
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ivers, lakes and estuaries (Clough
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EF 1(UREA) = proportion of direct N
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MS T is the proportion of manure ex
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44 28 44 28 ∙ Where: AG
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with a peaty layer are included in
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Frac LEACH-H is the fraction of N a
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Nitrification inhibitor dicyandiami
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EF 3(PR&P) has the most influence o
Page 210 and 211:
However, the authors concluded that
Page 212 and 213:
5.7.2 Methodological issues The emi
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Chapter 5: References Some referenc
Page 220 and 221:
Kelliher FM, Cox N, van der Weerden
Page 222 and 223:
Thomas S, Wallace D, Beare M. 2014.
Page 224 and 225:
2012-2013 Between 2012 and 2013, ne
Page 226 and 227:
New Zealand’s exotic forest plant
Page 228 and 229:
Table 6.1.4 New Zealand’s emissio
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Calculation of national emission es
Page 232 and 233:
Further details on the emission fac
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land-use areas as at 1 January 1990
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Land-use subcategory Low producing
Page 238 and 239:
The potential woody change layers w
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Figure 6.2.3 Land-use map of New Ze
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Figure 6.2.4 Identification of post
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no change: The area has not been de
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Figure 6.2.6 Land-use map of New Ze
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Prominent land-use changes between
Page 250 and 251:
Table 6.2.6 New Zealand’s land-us
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6.2.4 Methodological change The 201
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had been detected at the 95 per cen
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In equation (4), , is the mean so
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767 samples and the smallest (Other
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significantly different from the re
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layer of the Land Environments New
Page 264 and 265:
(Baisden et al, 2006a, 2006b). This
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Table 6.4.3 New Zealand’s net car
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Figure 6.4.2 New Zealand’s net ca
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Soil carbon changes associated with
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Figure 6.4.4 Location of New Zealan
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egenerating forest was driven prima
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The stand tending model: New Zealan
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Non-CO 2 emissions for pre-1990 pla
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(Stephens et al, 2012). In practice
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period is 2.2 tonnes C ha -1 yr -1
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Table 6.4.8 Uncertainty in New Zeal
Page 286 and 287:
measured (Beets et al, 2011a, 2012a
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Mapping of forest areas will be ite
Page 290 and 291:
section 6.2. Emissions and removals
Page 292 and 293:
conversion (GPG-AFOLU, table 5.9, I
Page 294 and 295:
6.5.6 Category-specific planned imp
Page 296 and 297:
more information on deforestation,
Page 298 and 299:
matter prior to conversion is lost)
Page 300 and 301:
The majority of New Zealand’s hyd
Page 302 and 303:
Soil carbon Soil carbon stocks in L
Page 304 and 305:
Table 6.8.2 New Zealand’s carbon
Page 306 and 307:
An analysis of change in area shows
Page 308 and 309:
new activity data from the improved
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6.10.3 Uncertainties and time-serie
Page 312 and 313:
Uncertainties and time-series consi
Page 314 and 315:
with the clearing of vegetation pri
Page 316 and 317:
Chapter 6: References Ausseil A, Ja
Page 318 and 319:
Contract report prepared for the Mi
Page 320 and 321:
www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climat
Page 322 and 323:
Wakelin SJ, Beets PN. 2013. Emissio
Page 324 and 325:
Table 7.1.1 New Zealand’s greenho
Page 326 and 327:
municipal solid waste activity data
Page 328 and 329:
Table 7.2.1 Landfill emissions in C
Page 330 and 331:
Methane correction factor and oxida
Page 332 and 333:
which have been filled by correlati
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
7.4.4 Source-specific QA/QC and ver
Page 338 and 339:
production, and consequently the ne
Page 340 and 341:
Summary of parameters used Table 7.
Page 342 and 343:
Table 7.5.5 Parameter values applie
Page 344 and 345:
Table 7.5.7 Parameter values applie
Page 346 and 347:
Chapter 7: References Beca Infrastr
Page 348 and 349:
Chapter 9: Indirect carbon dioxide
Page 350 and 351:
Figure 10.1.1 Effect of recalculati
Page 352 and 353:
Figure 10.1.4 Effect of change to o
Page 354 and 355:
10.1.3 Agriculture Improvements mad
Page 356 and 357:
10.1.4 Land use, land-use change an
Page 358 and 359:
Table 10.1.5 Explanations and justi
Page 360 and 361:
Table 10.1.8 Recalculations to New
Page 362 and 363:
Sector CH 4 Energy - Navigation: li
Page 364 and 365:
Chapter 11: KP-LULUCF 11.1 General
Page 366 and 367:
Table 11.1.2 New Zealand’s emissi
Page 368 and 369:
and Forestry, 2002). The two estate
Page 370 and 371:
The Erosion Control Funding Program
Page 372 and 373:
2009a). This led to a significant r
Page 374 and 375:
Transitions to deforestation are ba
Page 376 and 377:
Harvest of afforestation and refore
Page 378 and 379:
is assumed that the carbon stock af
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gross:net accounting for afforestat
Page 382 and 383:
Table 11.3.2 Recalculations to New
Page 384 and 385:
period, whichever is later. In prac
Page 386 and 387:
Figure 11.4.1 Verification of defor
Page 388 and 389:
Recommends that, in case New Zealan
Page 390 and 391:
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestr
Page 392 and 393:
12.2 Summary of the standard electr
Page 394 and 395:
Table 12.2.2 Copies of the 2014 fir
Page 396 and 397:
Party NZ Submission Year 2015 Repor
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Table 3. Expiry, cancellation and r
Page 406 and 407:
Table 5 a. Summary information on a
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Table 12.2.4 Copies of the 2014 sec
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
Table 5 (c). Summary information on
Page 418 and 419:
Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
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Type of information to be made publ
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Type of information to be made publ
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12.5 Calculation of the commitment
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Chapter 13: Information on changes
Page 428 and 429:
several earthquakes of 6.5-6.9 magn
Page 430 and 431:
Section subheading measures 15/CMP.
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the issues related to the implement
Page 434 and 435:
A further example is New Zealand’
Page 436 and 437:
4.2 of the IPCC 2006 Guidelines (IP
Page 438 and 439:
IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
Page 440 and 441:
IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
Page 442 and 443:
IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
Page 444 and 445:
IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
Page 446 and 447:
Annex 2: Uncertainty analysis (tabl
Page 448 and 449:
Table A2.1.1 The uncertainty calcul
Page 450 and 451:
Table A2.1.2 The uncertainty calcul
Page 452 and 453:
Annex 3.1: Detailed methodological
Page 454 and 455:
Livestock category Non-dairy (beef)
Page 456 and 457:
Table A3.1.2.3 Emission factors for
Page 458 and 459:
Table A3.2.1 Uncertainty analysis f
Page 460 and 461:
A3.2.2 LUCAS Data Management System
Page 462 and 463:
database storage, management, versi
Page 464 and 465:
Versioning at a number of levels en
Page 466 and 467:
Annex 3: References Some references
Page 468 and 469:
Annex 4: Methodology and data colle
Page 470 and 471:
Table A4.2 Consumption-weighted ave
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Table A4.4 Nitrous oxide emission f
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Table A4.6 Carbon content (per cent
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Diesel N 2 O emission factors (mg/k
Page 478 and 479:
446 New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas
Page 480 and 481:
Figure A4.2 New Zealand oil energy
Page 482:
Annex 5: Additional material All su
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