ghg-inventory-1990-2013

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Chapter 7: References Beca Infrastructure Ltd. 2007. Industrial Wastewater Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Estimates from the Pulp and Paper, Wool Scouring and Wine Industries for New Zealand’s GHG Inventory. Report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Beca Ltd. 2013. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory from Wastewater Treatment and Discharge. Report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Eunomia Research and Consulting and Waste Not Consulting. 2014. Incorporating Waste Minimisation Act Data into New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Estimates. Report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. GHD. 2013. Non-natural rural wastes: Site survey analysis. GHD Ltd for the Canterbury Regional Council, published as Canterbury Regional Council Report No R13/52 http://ecan.govt.nz/publications/Reports/non-rural-wastes-survey-r13-52.pdf IPCC. 1996. Houghton JT, Meira Filho LG, Lim B, Treanton K, Mamaty I, Bonduki Y, Griggs DJ, Callender BA (eds). IPCC/OECD/IEA. Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Bracknell: United Kingdom Meteorological Office. IPCC. 2006a. Eggleston HS, Buendia L, Miwa K, Ngara T, Tanabe K (eds). 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 5. Waste. IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. Published for the IPCC by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies: Japan. IPCC. 2006b. Eggleston HS, Buendia L, Miwa K, Ngara T, Tanabe K (eds). 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 2. Energy. IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. Published for the IPCC by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies: Japan. Ministry for Primary Industries. 2015. Forestry Statistics. Retrieved from www.mpi.govt.nz Ministry for the Environment, 1997. National Waste Date Report. Wellington, Ministry for the Environment. Ministry for the Environment. 2002a. The New Zealand Waste Strategy. Wellington, Ministry for the Environment. Ministry for the Environment. 2002b. Solid Waste Analysis Protocol. Wellington, Ministry for the Environment. Ministry for the Environment. 2010. The New Zealand Waste Strategy: Reducing Harm, Improving Efficiency. Wellington, Ministry for the Environment. SCS Wetherill Environmental. 2002. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory from the Waste Sector 1990–2020. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. SKM. 2007. Greenhouse Gases from the Waste Incineration Sector. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. SKM. 2009. Estimates of landfill methane recovered in New Zealand 1990–2012. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Statistics New Zealand, 2015. Infoshare. Retrieved from www.stats.govt.nz/infoshare Tonkin and Taylor Ltd. 2011. National Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Sludge. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Tonkin and Taylor Ltd. 2014. GHG Estimates from Non-municipal Landfills New Zealand. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Waste Not Consulting. 2006. Waste Composition and Construction Waste Data. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. Waste Not Consulting. 2013. Reviewing the 2008 National Waste Composition Estimate and Producing a 2012 Estimate. Wellington, report commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment. 314 New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013
Chapter 8: Other New Zealand does not report any emissions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change category, ‘Other’. New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013 315
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New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inve
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Acknowledgements Key contributors M
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ewetting, are voluntary for the sec
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(table ES 3.1). This growth in emis
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Figure ES 4.3 Change in New Zealand
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Agriculture (chapter 5) 2013 New Ze
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Waste (chapter 7) The Waste sector
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in 1.AA.2.C Chemicals. Further deta
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Executive summary: References IPCC.
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Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
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Chapter 14: Information on changes
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Table 5.1.1 Trends and relative con
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Table 6.5.1 New Zealand’s land-us
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Table 11.1.1 New Zealand’s emissi
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Figure 3.3.1 Reference and sectoral
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Figure 10.1.8 Effect of recalculati
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Convention were not enough to ensur
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i. New Zealand’s annual Inventory
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Quality control For this submission
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UNFCCC annual inventory review New
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Tier 1 methods apply IPCC default e
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The key categories that were identi
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Quantitative method used: IPPC Tier
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(b) IPCC Tier 1 category level asse
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(a) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
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(b) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
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cent from the trend uncertainty for
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Trading NZUs for international unit
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production of methanol has been spl
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Chapter 1: References Beets PN, Kim
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UNFCCC 2012a: FCCC/KP/CMP/2011/10/A
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population of non-dairy cattle, she
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Under the Climate Change Convention
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Table 2.2.1 New Zealand’s total (
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Figure 2.2.4 Change in New Zealand
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the forest management cap set at 3.
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Chapter 3: Energy 3.1 Sector overvi
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Table 3.1.1 Key sources of 1.A fuel
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improved significantly due to incre
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pricing information international
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the survey was conducted by Statist
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‒ Eleven landfill facilities, tot
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includes further information on liq
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Figure 3.3.4 Energy sector quality
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Figure 3.3.7 Carbon dioxide implied
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ecause the share of electricity gen
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Figure 3.3.9 Decision tree to ident
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Other - Other non-specified - Solid
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esult of this reallocation, and emi
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Figure 3.3.12 Splits used for manuf
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3.3.8 Fuel combustion: Transport (C
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Figure 3.3.13 Methane emissions fro
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‒ a is the slope of the line achi
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purpose-built natural gas (CNG) bus
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sufficient and robust enough to ens
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Residential - Liquid Fuels. Key cat
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Changes in emissions between 2012 a
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The main source of emissions from t
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emissions factor (UEF) in place of
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2000) has an emissions factor that
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Chapter 3: References Australian Bu
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Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
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Figure 4.1.1 New Zealand’s annual
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For PFCs in Aluminium production, a
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In 2013, the Mineral industry categ
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4.2.3 Uncertainties and time-series
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Emissions of CO 2 from hydrogen pro
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use of coal as a reducing agent and
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Perfluorocarbon emissions (t CO 2 -
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factors for the Iron and steel prod
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Table 4.7.1 New Zealand’s halocar
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commercial equipment is pre-charged
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agency. The weighted average quanti
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IPCC, 2000, Tier 1 approach was use
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Food and drink Emissions of NMVOCs
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Chapter 5: Agricu ulture 5.1 Sector
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emissions from manure management co
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population and the reduction in non
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performed on a monthly basis. The e
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egional council boundaries changed.
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onwards for six livestock improveme
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The populations of goats, horses an
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Figure 5.1.6: Agriculture sectoral
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non-urea synthetic fertiliser using
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leaders to follow, including the de
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The model has been updated to inclu
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Table 5.2.1 Trends and relative con
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Table 5.2.3 New Zealand’s implied
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grass-legume pasture, the predomina
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5.2.6 Source-specific planned impro
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Table 5.3.2 Distribution of livesto
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obtained from all New Zealand studi
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Nitrogen excretion rates for the mi
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Indirect nitrous oxide from manure
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the Enteric fermentation section, t
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(evaporation or sublimation) and su
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ivers, lakes and estuaries (Clough
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EF 1(UREA) = proportion of direct N
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MS T is the proportion of manure ex
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44 28 44 28 ∙ Where: AG
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with a peaty layer are included in
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Frac LEACH-H is the fraction of N a
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Nitrification inhibitor dicyandiami
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EF 3(PR&P) has the most influence o
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However, the authors concluded that
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5.7.2 Methodological issues The emi
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Chapter 5: References Some referenc
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Kelliher FM, Cox N, van der Weerden
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Thomas S, Wallace D, Beare M. 2014.
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2012-2013 Between 2012 and 2013, ne
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New Zealand’s exotic forest plant
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Table 6.1.4 New Zealand’s emissio
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Calculation of national emission es
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Further details on the emission fac
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land-use areas as at 1 January 1990
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Land-use subcategory Low producing
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The potential woody change layers w
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Figure 6.2.3 Land-use map of New Ze
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Figure 6.2.4 Identification of post
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no change: The area has not been de
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Figure 6.2.6 Land-use map of New Ze
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Prominent land-use changes between
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Table 6.2.6 New Zealand’s land-us
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6.2.4 Methodological change The 201
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had been detected at the 95 per cen
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In equation (4), , is the mean so
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767 samples and the smallest (Other
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significantly different from the re
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layer of the Land Environments New
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(Baisden et al, 2006a, 2006b). This
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Table 6.4.3 New Zealand’s net car
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Figure 6.4.2 New Zealand’s net ca
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Soil carbon changes associated with
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Figure 6.4.4 Location of New Zealan
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egenerating forest was driven prima
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The stand tending model: New Zealan
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Non-CO 2 emissions for pre-1990 pla
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(Stephens et al, 2012). In practice
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period is 2.2 tonnes C ha -1 yr -1
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Table 6.4.8 Uncertainty in New Zeal
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measured (Beets et al, 2011a, 2012a
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Mapping of forest areas will be ite
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section 6.2. Emissions and removals
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conversion (GPG-AFOLU, table 5.9, I
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6.5.6 Category-specific planned imp
Page 296 and 297: more information on deforestation,
Page 298 and 299: matter prior to conversion is lost)
Page 300 and 301: The majority of New Zealand’s hyd
Page 302 and 303: Soil carbon Soil carbon stocks in L
Page 304 and 305: Table 6.8.2 New Zealand’s carbon
Page 306 and 307: An analysis of change in area shows
Page 308 and 309: new activity data from the improved
Page 310 and 311: 6.10.3 Uncertainties and time-serie
Page 312 and 313: Uncertainties and time-series consi
Page 314 and 315: with the clearing of vegetation pri
Page 316 and 317: Chapter 6: References Ausseil A, Ja
Page 318 and 319: Contract report prepared for the Mi
Page 320 and 321: www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climat
Page 322 and 323: Wakelin SJ, Beets PN. 2013. Emissio
Page 324 and 325: Table 7.1.1 New Zealand’s greenho
Page 326 and 327: municipal solid waste activity data
Page 328 and 329: Table 7.2.1 Landfill emissions in C
Page 330 and 331: Methane correction factor and oxida
Page 332 and 333: which have been filled by correlati
Page 334 and 335: 7.2.6 Source-specific planned impro
Page 336 and 337: 7.4.4 Source-specific QA/QC and ver
Page 338 and 339: production, and consequently the ne
Page 340 and 341: Summary of parameters used Table 7.
Page 342 and 343: Table 7.5.5 Parameter values applie
Page 344 and 345: Table 7.5.7 Parameter values applie
Page 348 and 349: Chapter 9: Indirect carbon dioxide
Page 350 and 351: Figure 10.1.1 Effect of recalculati
Page 352 and 353: Figure 10.1.4 Effect of change to o
Page 354 and 355: 10.1.3 Agriculture Improvements mad
Page 356 and 357: 10.1.4 Land use, land-use change an
Page 358 and 359: Table 10.1.5 Explanations and justi
Page 360 and 361: Table 10.1.8 Recalculations to New
Page 362 and 363: Sector CH 4 Energy - Navigation: li
Page 364 and 365: Chapter 11: KP-LULUCF 11.1 General
Page 366 and 367: Table 11.1.2 New Zealand’s emissi
Page 368 and 369: and Forestry, 2002). The two estate
Page 370 and 371: The Erosion Control Funding Program
Page 372 and 373: 2009a). This led to a significant r
Page 374 and 375: Transitions to deforestation are ba
Page 376 and 377: Harvest of afforestation and refore
Page 378 and 379: is assumed that the carbon stock af
Page 380 and 381: gross:net accounting for afforestat
Page 382 and 383: Table 11.3.2 Recalculations to New
Page 384 and 385: period, whichever is later. In prac
Page 386 and 387: Figure 11.4.1 Verification of defor
Page 388 and 389: Recommends that, in case New Zealan
Page 390 and 391: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestr
Page 392 and 393: 12.2 Summary of the standard electr
Page 394 and 395: Table 12.2.2 Copies of the 2014 fir
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Party NZ Submission Year 2015 Repor
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Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
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Table 3. Expiry, cancellation and r
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Table 5 a. Summary information on a
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Table 12.2.4 Copies of the 2014 sec
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Table 5 (c). Summary information on
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Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
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Type of information to be made publ
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Type of information to be made publ
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12.5 Calculation of the commitment
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Chapter 13: Information on changes
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several earthquakes of 6.5-6.9 magn
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Section subheading measures 15/CMP.
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the issues related to the implement
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A further example is New Zealand’
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4.2 of the IPCC 2006 Guidelines (IP
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IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
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IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
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IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
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IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
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Annex 2: Uncertainty analysis (tabl
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Table A2.1.1 The uncertainty calcul
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Table A2.1.2 The uncertainty calcul
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Annex 3.1: Detailed methodological
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Livestock category Non-dairy (beef)
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Table A3.1.2.3 Emission factors for
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Table A3.2.1 Uncertainty analysis f
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A3.2.2 LUCAS Data Management System
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database storage, management, versi
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Versioning at a number of levels en
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Annex 3: References Some references
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Annex 4: Methodology and data colle
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Table A4.2 Consumption-weighted ave
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Table A4.4 Nitrous oxide emission f
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Table A4.6 Carbon content (per cent
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Diesel N 2 O emission factors (mg/k
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446 New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas
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Figure A4.2 New Zealand oil energy
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Annex 5: Additional material All su
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