ghg-inventory-1990-2013

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A3.2.2 LUCAS Data Management System The LUCAS Data Management System stores, manages and archives data for international greenhouse gas reporting for the LULUCF sector. These systems are used for managing the land-use spatial databases, plot and reference data, and for combining the two sets of data to calculate the numbers required for Climate Change Convention and Kyoto Protocol reporting (figure A3.2.1). The data collected is stored and manipulated within three systems: the Geospatial System, the Gateway, and the Calculation and Reporting Application. The key objectives of these systems are to: provide a transparent system for data storage and carbon calculations provide a repository for the versioning and validation of plot measurements and landuse data calculate carbon stocks, emissions and removals per hectare for land uses and carbon pools based on the plot and spatial data collected calculate biomass burning emissions by land use based on area and emission factors stored in the Gateway produce the outputs required for the LULUCF sector reporting under the Climate Change Convention and the Kyoto Protocol archive all inputs and outputs used in reporting. New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013 428
Figure A3.2.1 New Zealand’s LUCAS data management system Data Servers, tools, hosting Geospatial system Images Image QA/QC Image server Land-use maps LUM staging database LUMM QA/QC LUMM production database Geospatial G analysis and reporting Forest plot Forest data Reference PlotData data Refere Soils ence data Data Parameters Soils Data Non-car P rbon t IPCC defaults Gateway Data layer Validation layer Extraction layer Calculation and Reporting Application Natural forest (t C/ha) Soils (tC/ha) Defaultt emission factors (t C/ha) Non-carbon Joint Calculations (Area * Emission Factors) LULUCF analysis and reporting Method and reference documents Document management Note: LUM = land-use map. Joint calculations are described below. The module ‘Joint Calculations’ refers to the process New N Zealandd uses to estimate national average carbon values by carbon pool for each land-use category and subcategory. The Joint Calculation process iss performed within thee Calculation and Reporting Application. Within the Joint Calculations interface, the user selects the appropriate area data and emission factors. The results of the calculations are carbon gains, losses and net change for all land-use subcategories whether in a conversion state or land remaining land, by year, by carbon pool, and stratified by North Islandd or South Island. Geospatial System The Geospatial System consists off hardware and specific applications designed to meet LULUCF reporting equirements. The hardware largely comprises servers for spatial s New Zealand’ ’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2013 429
Page 1 and 2:
New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inve
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Acknowledgements Key contributors M
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ewetting, are voluntary for the sec
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(table ES 3.1). This growth in emis
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Figure ES 4.3 Change in New Zealand
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Agriculture (chapter 5) 2013 New Ze
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Waste (chapter 7) The Waste sector
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in 1.AA.2.C Chemicals. Further deta
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Executive summary: References IPCC.
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Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
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Chapter 14: Information on changes
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Table 5.1.1 Trends and relative con
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Table 6.5.1 New Zealand’s land-us
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Table 11.1.1 New Zealand’s emissi
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Figure 3.3.1 Reference and sectoral
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Figure 10.1.8 Effect of recalculati
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Convention were not enough to ensur
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i. New Zealand’s annual Inventory
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Quality control For this submission
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UNFCCC annual inventory review New
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Tier 1 methods apply IPCC default e
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The key categories that were identi
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Quantitative method used: IPPC Tier
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(b) IPCC Tier 1 category level asse
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(a) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
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(b) IPCC Tier 1 category trend asse
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cent from the trend uncertainty for
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Trading NZUs for international unit
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production of methanol has been spl
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Chapter 1: References Beets PN, Kim
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UNFCCC 2012a: FCCC/KP/CMP/2011/10/A
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population of non-dairy cattle, she
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Under the Climate Change Convention
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Table 2.2.1 New Zealand’s total (
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Figure 2.2.4 Change in New Zealand
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the forest management cap set at 3.
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Chapter 3: Energy 3.1 Sector overvi
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Table 3.1.1 Key sources of 1.A fuel
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improved significantly due to incre
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pricing information international
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the survey was conducted by Statist
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‒ Eleven landfill facilities, tot
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includes further information on liq
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Figure 3.3.4 Energy sector quality
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Figure 3.3.7 Carbon dioxide implied
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ecause the share of electricity gen
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Figure 3.3.9 Decision tree to ident
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Other - Other non-specified - Solid
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esult of this reallocation, and emi
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Figure 3.3.12 Splits used for manuf
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3.3.8 Fuel combustion: Transport (C
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Figure 3.3.13 Methane emissions fro
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‒ a is the slope of the line achi
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purpose-built natural gas (CNG) bus
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sufficient and robust enough to ens
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Residential - Liquid Fuels. Key cat
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Changes in emissions between 2012 a
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The main source of emissions from t
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emissions factor (UEF) in place of
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2000) has an emissions factor that
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Chapter 3: References Australian Bu
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Chapter 4: Industrial Processes and
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Figure 4.1.1 New Zealand’s annual
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For PFCs in Aluminium production, a
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In 2013, the Mineral industry categ
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4.2.3 Uncertainties and time-series
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Emissions of CO 2 from hydrogen pro
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use of coal as a reducing agent and
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Perfluorocarbon emissions (t CO 2 -
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factors for the Iron and steel prod
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Table 4.7.1 New Zealand’s halocar
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commercial equipment is pre-charged
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agency. The weighted average quanti
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IPCC, 2000, Tier 1 approach was use
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Food and drink Emissions of NMVOCs
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Chapter 5: Agricu ulture 5.1 Sector
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emissions from manure management co
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population and the reduction in non
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performed on a monthly basis. The e
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egional council boundaries changed.
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onwards for six livestock improveme
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The populations of goats, horses an
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Figure 5.1.6: Agriculture sectoral
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non-urea synthetic fertiliser using
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leaders to follow, including the de
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The model has been updated to inclu
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Table 5.2.1 Trends and relative con
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Table 5.2.3 New Zealand’s implied
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grass-legume pasture, the predomina
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5.2.6 Source-specific planned impro
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Table 5.3.2 Distribution of livesto
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obtained from all New Zealand studi
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Nitrogen excretion rates for the mi
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Indirect nitrous oxide from manure
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the Enteric fermentation section, t
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(evaporation or sublimation) and su
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ivers, lakes and estuaries (Clough
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EF 1(UREA) = proportion of direct N
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MS T is the proportion of manure ex
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44 28 44 28 ∙ Where: AG
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with a peaty layer are included in
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Frac LEACH-H is the fraction of N a
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Nitrification inhibitor dicyandiami
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EF 3(PR&P) has the most influence o
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However, the authors concluded that
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5.7.2 Methodological issues The emi
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Chapter 5: References Some referenc
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Kelliher FM, Cox N, van der Weerden
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Thomas S, Wallace D, Beare M. 2014.
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2012-2013 Between 2012 and 2013, ne
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New Zealand’s exotic forest plant
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Table 6.1.4 New Zealand’s emissio
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Calculation of national emission es
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Further details on the emission fac
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land-use areas as at 1 January 1990
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Land-use subcategory Low producing
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The potential woody change layers w
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Figure 6.2.3 Land-use map of New Ze
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Figure 6.2.4 Identification of post
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no change: The area has not been de
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Figure 6.2.6 Land-use map of New Ze
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Prominent land-use changes between
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Table 6.2.6 New Zealand’s land-us
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6.2.4 Methodological change The 201
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had been detected at the 95 per cen
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In equation (4), , is the mean so
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767 samples and the smallest (Other
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significantly different from the re
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layer of the Land Environments New
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(Baisden et al, 2006a, 2006b). This
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Table 6.4.3 New Zealand’s net car
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Figure 6.4.2 New Zealand’s net ca
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Soil carbon changes associated with
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Figure 6.4.4 Location of New Zealan
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egenerating forest was driven prima
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The stand tending model: New Zealan
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Non-CO 2 emissions for pre-1990 pla
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(Stephens et al, 2012). In practice
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period is 2.2 tonnes C ha -1 yr -1
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Table 6.4.8 Uncertainty in New Zeal
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measured (Beets et al, 2011a, 2012a
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Mapping of forest areas will be ite
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section 6.2. Emissions and removals
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conversion (GPG-AFOLU, table 5.9, I
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6.5.6 Category-specific planned imp
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more information on deforestation,
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matter prior to conversion is lost)
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The majority of New Zealand’s hyd
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Soil carbon Soil carbon stocks in L
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Table 6.8.2 New Zealand’s carbon
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An analysis of change in area shows
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new activity data from the improved
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6.10.3 Uncertainties and time-serie
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Uncertainties and time-series consi
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with the clearing of vegetation pri
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Chapter 6: References Ausseil A, Ja
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Contract report prepared for the Mi
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www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climat
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Wakelin SJ, Beets PN. 2013. Emissio
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Table 7.1.1 New Zealand’s greenho
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municipal solid waste activity data
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Table 7.2.1 Landfill emissions in C
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Methane correction factor and oxida
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which have been filled by correlati
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7.4.4 Source-specific QA/QC and ver
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production, and consequently the ne
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Summary of parameters used Table 7.
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Table 7.5.5 Parameter values applie
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Table 7.5.7 Parameter values applie
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Chapter 7: References Beca Infrastr
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Chapter 9: Indirect carbon dioxide
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Figure 10.1.1 Effect of recalculati
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Figure 10.1.4 Effect of change to o
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10.1.3 Agriculture Improvements mad
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10.1.4 Land use, land-use change an
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Table 10.1.5 Explanations and justi
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Table 10.1.8 Recalculations to New
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Sector CH 4 Energy - Navigation: li
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Chapter 11: KP-LULUCF 11.1 General
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Table 11.1.2 New Zealand’s emissi
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and Forestry, 2002). The two estate
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The Erosion Control Funding Program
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2009a). This led to a significant r
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Transitions to deforestation are ba
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Harvest of afforestation and refore
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is assumed that the carbon stock af
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gross:net accounting for afforestat
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Table 11.3.2 Recalculations to New
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period, whichever is later. In prac
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Figure 11.4.1 Verification of defor
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Recommends that, in case New Zealan
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Ministry of Agriculture and Forestr
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12.2 Summary of the standard electr
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Table 12.2.2 Copies of the 2014 fir
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Party NZ Submission Year 2015 Repor
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Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
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Table 3. Expiry, cancellation and r
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Table 5 a. Summary information on a
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Page 410 and 411: Table 12.2.4 Copies of the 2014 sec
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Page 414 and 415: Party NZ Submission Year 2015 Repor
Page 416 and 417: Table 5 (c). Summary information on
Page 418 and 419: Table 6 a. Memo item: corrective tr
Page 420 and 421: Type of information to be made publ
Page 422 and 423: Type of information to be made publ
Page 424 and 425: 12.5 Calculation of the commitment
Page 426 and 427: Chapter 13: Information on changes
Page 428 and 429: several earthquakes of 6.5-6.9 magn
Page 430 and 431: Section subheading measures 15/CMP.
Page 432 and 433: the issues related to the implement
Page 434 and 435: A further example is New Zealand’
Page 436 and 437: 4.2 of the IPCC 2006 Guidelines (IP
Page 438 and 439: IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
Page 440 and 441: IPCC Tier 1 category level assessme
Page 442 and 443: IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
Page 444 and 445: IPCC Tier 1 category trend assessme
Page 446 and 447: Annex 2: Uncertainty analysis (tabl
Page 448 and 449: Table A2.1.1 The uncertainty calcul
Page 450 and 451: Table A2.1.2 The uncertainty calcul
Page 452 and 453: Annex 3.1: Detailed methodological
Page 454 and 455: Livestock category Non-dairy (beef)
Page 456 and 457: Table A3.1.2.3 Emission factors for
Page 458 and 459: Table A3.2.1 Uncertainty analysis f
Page 462 and 463: database storage, management, versi
Page 464 and 465: Versioning at a number of levels en
Page 466 and 467: Annex 3: References Some references
Page 468 and 469: Annex 4: Methodology and data colle
Page 470 and 471: Table A4.2 Consumption-weighted ave
Page 472 and 473: Table A4.4 Nitrous oxide emission f
Page 474 and 475: Table A4.6 Carbon content (per cent
Page 476 and 477: Diesel N 2 O emission factors (mg/k
Page 478 and 479: 446 New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas
Page 480 and 481: Figure A4.2 New Zealand oil energy
Page 482: Annex 5: Additional material All su
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