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Canadian HumanRights TribunalTribunal canadiendes droits de la personneBETWEEN:CINDY RICHARDSComplainant2010 CHRT 24 (CanLII)- and -CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSIONCommission- and -CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYRespondentDECISIONMEMBER: Michel Doucet 2010 CHRT 242010/09/29
TABLE OF CONTENTSPageI. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1A. THE FACTS ....................................................................................................................... 2(i) The Canadian National Railway.................................................................................... 2a) General information.......................................................................................... 2b) Running trades employees ................................................................................ 4c) The changes made in 1992 and the creation of the furlough boards ................ 6(ii) The Complainant ........................................................................................................... 9(iii) The Vancouver shortage................................................................................................ 11(iv) The Conductors recalled to cover the Vancouver shortage........................................... 14(v) The Complainant’s recall to work ................................................................................. 22B. ISSUES ............................................................................................................................... 33C. THE LAW AND THEORY OF THE CASE...................................................................... 33(i) The relevant provisions of the CHRA........................................................................... 33(ii) The Law......................................................................................................................... 36a) The prima facie case ......................................................................................... 36b) What approach is to be applied to determine whether there has beendiscrimination on the ground of family status? ................................................ 36c) Has a prima facie case of discrimination on the basis of family status beenmade out?.......................................................................................................... 48d) Did CN provide accommodation to the Complainant?..................................... 50e) Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 64D. REMEDIES ........................................................................................................................ 65(i) An Order that CN Review its Accommodation Policy ................................................. 65(ii) Reinstatement ................................................................................................................ 66(iii) Compensation for lost wages......................................................................................... 68(iv) Pain and suffering.......................................................................................................... 69(v) Willful or Reckless Conduct ......................................................................................... 69(vi) Compensation for expenses........................................................................................... 70(vii) Interest ........................................................................................................................... 712010 CHRT 24 (CanLII)
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Federal CourtCour fédéraleOttawa,
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPARA.I. Introducti
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G. Accommodation in the Post-Novemb
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Page: 2[5] Also at issue in Air Can
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Page: 4[13] Based upon his years of
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Page: 6[22] Both complaints were re
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Page: 8Tribunal’s decision as it
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Page: 10[37] The Tribunal observed
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Page: 12VII.Standard of Review[45]
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Page: 14[53] There is also no dispu
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Page: 16the Charter. By failing to
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Page: 18impaired the relevant right
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Page: 20workers were compensated fo
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Page: 22The Supreme Court found tha
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Page: 24[93] With this in mind, Jus
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Page: 26[100] Our legal system oper
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Page: 28observed in her dissenting
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Page: 30[116] Further, as I observe
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Page: 32[124] There is a further co
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Page: 34[132] However, as the Ontar
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Page: 36[139] Where earlier Supreme
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Page: 38[148] There have been devel
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Page: 40[156] These circumstances f
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Page: 42have abolished mandatory re
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Page: 44[170] The arbitrator’s se
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Page: 46[178] As noted earlier, the
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Page: 48i) The Section 1 Analytical
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Page: 50requires a consideration of
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Page: 52[198] The Tribunal further
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Page: 54[206] At this stage of the
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Page: 56retirement to be imposed up
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Page: 58[221] As the Supreme Court
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Page: 60legislatures have struck a
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Page: 62[236] Air Canada’s expert
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Page: 64question the assumption und
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Page: 66[251] Dr. Kesselman confirm
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Page: 68choose to continue working.
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Page: 70[267] However, Dr. Kesselma
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Page: 72need the money. Those who w
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Page: 74[283] While Chief Justice M
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Page: 76for the accommodation of th
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Page: 78requirements. As a conseque
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Page: 80Gunderson and Pesando entit
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Page: 82employment arrangements inv
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Page: 84assisted employers in manag
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Page: 8615(1)(c) of the CHRA and th
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Page: 88[334] The Tribunal rejected
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Page: 90[343] Indeed, the majority
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Page: 92[351] For the reasons given
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Page: 94[358] As to the scope of th
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Page: 962006. Six Sigma is a busine
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Page: 98[376] The Tribunal also fou
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Page: 100agreement would affect oth
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Page: 102[392] It is true that the
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Page: 104[400] That is, while the q
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Page: 106ICAO standards. Air Canada
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Page: 108ii)The Accommodation of Mr
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Page: 110[424] The evidence before
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Page: 112company about three months
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Page: 114[441] The major focus of C
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Page: 116[450] For example, Captain
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Page: 118Duke explained why a sched
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Page: 120ii)The Tribunal’s Findin
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Page: 122[474] Messrs. Vilven and K
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Page: 124[482] I have concluded tha
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Page: 126memorandum of fact and law
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Page: 128JUDGMENTTHIS COURT ORDERS
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Page: 2agreement relate to the indi
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FEDERAL COURTSOLICITORS OF RECORDDO
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COURT OF APPEAL FOR BRITISH COLUMBI
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Health Sciences Assoc. of B.C. v. C
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Date: July 9, 2004File: 348Indexed
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[7] Myert contracts with provincial
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- Proportional client case manageme
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scrutinizing closely, the contract
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[29] Two New Moons fell on work day
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and based on the last paragraph of
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I understand that I am still in my
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terminate his employment due to his
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searches in December 2002, which wa
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[65] I find that Mr. Derksen has es
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[71] Finally, I cannot find that My
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complainant as a result of contrave
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Other Orders[84] Mr. Derksen seeks
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Canadian HumanRights TribunalTribun
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I. COMPLAINT[1] This complaint aros
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3[12] Previous to the hearing, the
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5[22] Jason also worked regularly s
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7III.RESPONDENT’S OPERATIONS[33]
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9building on the air field where sm
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11consideration of the nature of
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13been described by her then superi
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15c) The bulk of employees in the C
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17b) “In addition to programming
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19V. COMPLAINANT’S CASEA. Evidenc
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21Hence, while the Respondent is pr
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23Ms. Gerstl, and would not allow h
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25[109] Under cross-examination, Ms
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27[120] Mr. Star also testified to
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29[129] Mr. Star confirmed that at
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31shifts as of right when her circu
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33[149] There has been a phenomenal
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35- workers are less engaged with l
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37worker’s sense of control and h
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39[178] Complainant’s counsel cha
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41have also increased for families.
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43referral, hiring, promotion, trai
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45[210] The interpretation that ‘
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47[219] This Tribunal does not find
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49[230] Both parties rely on their
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51not discrimination found in any g
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53VI.RESPONDENT’S CASEA. Evidence
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55approximately 14 weeks. There is
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57[270] When asked under cross-exam
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59[281] However, Mr. Sheridan ackno
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61[293] Mr. Sheridan responded that
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63[299] There was no one called as
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6515 people at any given time, or 4
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67[324] CBSA’s approach upon rece
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69[335] The one question relied upo
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71the U.S. So, whereas in the U.S.
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73could accommodate Ms. Johnstone
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75b) Ms. Johnstone has demonstrated
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77contributions as a full-time empl
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79[385] However, by a decision rend
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CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNALPARTI
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INTRODUCTION[1] Raymond Jones is on
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eligious requirements by scheduling
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[18] In the last couple of years, t
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Bible-trained conscience would be i
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Did the Respondents refuse to conti
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further, there is nothing to sugges
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[47] Section 37(2)(d)(ii) of the Co
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first year at Menzies he received n
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• That the Respondents Cornelius
Page 351 and 352: INTRODUCTION[1] Darshan Pannu works
Page 353 and 354: [9] For their part, Skeena and the
Page 355 and 356: elevated hydrogen sulfide concentra
Page 357 and 358: [27] As a result of complaints by a
Page 359 and 360: [37] However, his back condition di
Page 361 and 362: [45] Mr. Pannu alleges that Skeena
Page 363 and 364: (2) Protective respiratory equipmen
Page 365 and 366: condition can drive safely. That is
Page 367 and 368: emergency procedure that the Compla
Page 369 and 370: [75] I can see no justification for
Page 371 and 372: tacitly approved a less than accept
Page 373 and 374: would impose some cost on Skeena. I
Page 375 and 376: time and because those people are l
Page 377 and 378: [104] The evidence before me establ
Page 379: [110] Since Skeena has established
Page 383 and 384: 2A. The Facts(i)The Canadian Nation
Page 385 and 386: 4CMC. Ms. Storms occupied that posi
Page 387 and 388: 6[26] The work schedule of a Conduc
Page 389 and 390: 8It is this provision that allows C
Page 391 and 392: 10[44] Because she was hired after
Page 393 and 394: 12[54] Ms. Storms also testified th
Page 395 and 396: 14[64] She also testified that CN c
Page 397 and 398: 16not have to cover the shortage in
Page 399 and 400: 18November 13 th , he started train
Page 401 and 402: 20Tribunal to identify any legislat
Page 403 and 404: 22accurate” and she added that
Page 405 and 406: 24[101] There was no response from
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Page 409 and 410: 28[116] On cross-examination, Ms. S
Page 411 and 412: 30[125] On February 16 th , 2006, M
Page 413 and 414: 32A railway is, by its nature, a tw
Page 415 and 416: 34[132] Section 7 states :7. It is
Page 417 and 418: 36(ii)The Lawa) The prima facie cas
Page 419 and 420: 38strike that balance coupled with
Page 421 and 422: 40duty or obligation” and that th
Page 423 and 424: 42apply the Hoyt approach. In Chant
Page 425 and 426: 44the Complainant’s “parental p
Page 427 and 428: 46January at the latest.” (para.
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50CN’s other witnesses could not
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52Has CN established that it could
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54[189] The evidence establishes th
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56[196] The evidence also indicates
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58[202] Once the door is opened, th
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60about the policy and that if she
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62iii. Is it necessary to have all
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64person is assessed according to h
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66At the most, according to Cathy S
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68(iii)Compensation for lost wages[
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70“child care issue”. They felt
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPageI. INTRODUCTIO
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2A. The Facts(i)The Canadian Nation
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4[15] When an employee is working o
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6eventually disappear altogether. T
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8an employee of CN until her employ
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10(iv)The Conductors recalled to co
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12evidence confirming that this was
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14(v)The Complainant’s recall to
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16the same difficulties with childc
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18during a meeting where various to
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20[81] Mr. Broshko was not called a
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22[87] Section 10 of the Act provid
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24[1999] 3 S.C.R. 3 (“Meiorin”)
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26118 This Tribunal has considered
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28wrong in law.” (Johnstone, supr
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30[106] In Falardeau v. Ferguson Mo
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32Employees, (2006) 88 C.L.A.S. 212
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34[118] The Tribunal also disagrees
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36[125] The Tribunal concludes that
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38[131] CN’s justification for de
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40terminals. Employees hired after
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42868 (Grismer), at para. 31). Empl
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44[150] The evidence clearly establ
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46vi. Have other parties who are ob
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48followed in this case and that
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50complaint of discrimination based
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52that she be reinstated in her emp
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54reasonable to conclude therefore
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56involved in this case decided tha
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- 2 -Evangelical Fellowship of Cana
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- 4 -demolition. The application wa
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- 6 -Here, the impugned stipulation
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- 8 -Whether one can waive a consti
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- 10 -in relation to one another wh
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- 12 -The obligation imposed on the
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- 14 -By Iacobucci J.Referred to: R
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- 16 -Canadian Charter of Rights an
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- 18 -1 An important feature of our
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- 20 -festival, which begins in lat
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- 22 -Co-owners may not decorate, p
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- 24 -16 Each of the appellants non
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- 26 -also satisfied that, contrary
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- 28 -concluded that the accommodat
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- 30 -of succahs on the balconies o
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- 32 -Quebec Charter or under the C
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- 34 -purpose of s. 2(a) is to ensu
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- 36 -commands of their common fait
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- 38 -determining, either explicitl
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- 40 -55 This approach to freedom o
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- 42 -60 At this stage, as a genera
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- 44 -B. Application to the Facts(1
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- 46 -mandated “obligation” to
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- 48 -the significance of a strict
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- 50 -77 Similarly, a communal succ
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- 52 -82 Against the appellants’
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- 54 -maximize human rights invaria
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- 56 -persuaded that the purported
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- 58 -“did not read these provisi
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- 60 -Succot, subject to the undert
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- 62 -6.16 EXTERIOR DECORATIONS PRO
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- 64 -[TRANSLATION] . . . practisin
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- 66 -reserved for exclusive use to
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- 68 -the building’s style and it
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- 70 -129 Regarding the third step
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- 72 -The essence of the concept of
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- 74 -137 In light of the foregoing
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- 76 -(M. Tancelin, “L’acte uni
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- 78 -142 Although any analysis of
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- 80 -of Quebec (C.C.Q., preliminar
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- 82 -in enacting s. 9.1, as eviden
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- 84 -Charter involves finding a ba
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- 86 -159 The appellants submit tha
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- 88 -as it does not bar the appell
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- 90 -emergency routes will be comp
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- 92 -access routes too much if cer
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- 94 -would amount to an impairment
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- 96 -178 The appellants contend th
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- 98 -erection on the communally ow
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- 100 -Charter of Rights and Freedo
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- 102 -(Journal des débats: Commis
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- 104 -Can one waive his or her rig
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- 106 -198 In my view, the “reaso
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- 108 -[TRANSLATION]Q. You said ear
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- 110 -denial of construction of th
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- 112 -11. A succah in the garden h
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CITATION: VILVEN V. AIR CANADA, 200
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the shared meaning of the English a
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451, (1990), 52 B.C.L.R. (2d) 105,
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(i) Mandatory retirement at Air Can
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[7] It should also be noted at the
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[25] In contrast, Mr. Kelly’s hum
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first officers. While noting that c
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3. Was there a “normal age of ret
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at the very heart of a free and dem
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situation of pilots working in Cana
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[114] The fact that other Canadian
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[132] Firstly, as Air Canada has no
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[151] In contrast, the French versi
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of relevant positions. As the Tribu
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[189] Before turning to discuss the
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and Harrison, and paragraph 15(1)(c
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working beside them is paid more th
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Rather, it is the permissive provis
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treatment is as between workers und
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(ii) The degree of correspondence b
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[296] In Lavoie, Justice Bastarache
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the law to university professors ov
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constitutionally protected right, t
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colour, religion, age, sex, sexual
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2D. Conclusion on Seniority .......
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2II.Cease and Desist Order[3] The c
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4defence to any other outstanding o
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6A. Vilven[22] For the purpose of d
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8seniority to transfer to Toronto a
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10knowing that they will be frozen
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12[54] Kelly provided two calculati
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14earned about $5,000 a month. Sinc
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16[77] Kelly said he also made some
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18VI.Pain and SufferingA. Vilven[88
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20complainants continued with Air C
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22retired at some point in the near
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24(ii)Kelly[117] As to Kelly’s se
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26[127] Air Canada seeks to support
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28[138] In Martin, the Supreme Cour
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30[150] For the Supreme Court in Hy
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32[161] Thus the respondents argue,
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34F. Conclusion on Previous Financi
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369) Air Canada is to pay fifty per
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APPENDIX II2010 CHRT 27 (CaPay Rate
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I. INTRODUCTION[1] This is an emplo
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3described by the Complainant’s c
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5The training takes from four (4) t
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7available for work, but if he or s
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9back to their home residence at re
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11nature of the father’s work mak
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13[57] Due to its location, the Van
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15(iv)The Conductors recalled to co
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17August 12 th . He works from that
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19When asked by CN counsel why he h
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21[88] Employee QR was covering a s
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23[96] In CN’s Amended Statement
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25[105] On cross-examination, the C
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27Vancouver. On cross-examination h
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29[121] The Complainant also testif
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31at the end of May or in the first
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33schedule. She was asking, in effe
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35B. ISSUES[139] The issue raised i
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37differential manner and was termi
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39117 Discrimination on this ground
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41[154] In Johnstone, the Federal C
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43approach in Campbell River. For e
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45discrimination set out in the CHR
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47the complaint and that no jurispr
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49[178] In February 2005, the Compl
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51equally and fully in employment w
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53[191] The use of the term “undu
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55[198] The evidence clearly establ
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57[205] CN “Accommodation Guideli
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59had trained its managers well eno
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61[219] She further testified that
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63[224] To meet the procedural comp
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65the situation in the present case
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67[238] The Tribunal has referred i
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69(iii)Compensation for lost wages[
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71speaking to the Complainant, what
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