- Page 1: Decentralizationand local democracy
- Page 5 and 6: UCLG wishes to acknowledge the Supp
- Page 7 and 8: © 2008 United Cities and Local Gov
- Page 9 and 10: FOREWORD8 United Cities and Local G
- Page 11 and 12: PREFACE10 United Cities and Local G
- Page 13 and 14: EDITORIAL PROJECT12 United Cities a
- Page 15 and 16: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS14 United Cities and
- Page 17 and 18: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS16 United Cities and
- Page 19 and 20: INTRODUCTION18 United Cities and Lo
- Page 21: INTRODUCTION20 United Cities and Lo
- Page 25 and 26: AFRICA22 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 27 and 28: AFRICA24 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 29 and 30: AFRICA26 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 31 and 32: AFRICA28 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 33 and 34: AFRICA30 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 35 and 36: AFRICA32 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 37 and 38: AFRICA34 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 39 and 40: AFRICA36 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 41 and 42: AFRICA38 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 43 and 44: AFRICA40 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 45 and 46: AFRICA42 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 47 and 48: AFRICA44 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 49 and 50: AFRICA46 United Cities and Local Go
- Page 52 and 53: A SIA-PACIFICAND RE W NICK SONNICK
- Page 54 and 55: 51I. IntroductionThe Asia-Pacific r
- Page 56 and 57: 53Table 2Global Ranking of Metropol
- Page 58 and 59: 55in a few cases, references are al
- Page 60 and 61: 57top. In the case of China, decent
- Page 62 and 63: 59Table 3Territorial Organization o
- Page 64 and 65: 61The average population size of lo
- Page 66 and 67: 63ment. In Pakistan, too, although
- Page 68 and 69: 65Table 5Services delivered by the
- Page 70 and 71: 67III.2. Local Government FinancesT
- Page 72 and 73:
69and at least 35% by fiscal year 2
- Page 74 and 75:
71Table 8Size of Local Government P
- Page 76 and 77:
73The most far-reaching management
- Page 78 and 79:
75perty tax administration and busi
- Page 80 and 81:
77consistently represented local go
- Page 82 and 83:
79IV.1. Electoral Systemsfor Local
- Page 84 and 85:
81lippines) to a maximum of five ye
- Page 86 and 87:
83turnout is extremely high under t
- Page 88 and 89:
85For this reason, many countries h
- Page 90 and 91:
87V. ConclusionIn considering the i
- Page 92 and 93:
89Annex 1CountryMajor Local Governm
- Page 94:
91Annex 1CountryMajor Local Governm
- Page 97 and 98:
EURASIA94United Cities and Local Go
- Page 99 and 100:
EURASIA96United Cities and Local Go
- Page 101 and 102:
EURASIA98United Cities and Local Go
- Page 103 and 104:
EURASIA100United Cities and Local G
- Page 105 and 106:
EURASIA102United Cities and Local G
- Page 107 and 108:
EURASIA104United Cities and Local G
- Page 109 and 110:
EURASIA106United Cities and Local G
- Page 111 and 112:
EURASIA108United Cities and Local G
- Page 113 and 114:
EURASIA110United Cities and Local G
- Page 115 and 116:
EURASIA112 United Cities and Local
- Page 117 and 118:
EURASIA114 United Cities and Local
- Page 119 and 120:
EURASIA116 United Cities and Local
- Page 121 and 122:
EURASIA118United Cities and Local G
- Page 123 and 124:
EURASIA120United Cities and Local G
- Page 125 and 126:
EURASIA122United Cities and Local G
- Page 127 and 128:
EURASIA124United Cities and Local G
- Page 130 and 131:
EUROPEGÉRARD MAR COUHELLMUT WOLLMA
- Page 132 and 133:
129I. IntroductionThe Europe under
- Page 134 and 135:
131between the design of the execut
- Page 136 and 137:
133Table 1Levels of local governmen
- Page 138 and 139:
135and democratic dimension of the
- Page 140 and 141:
137torial penetration,” the polit
- Page 142 and 143:
139are designated as “personaliza
- Page 144 and 145:
141same year, public sector investm
- Page 146 and 147:
143growth in Austria and Germany 13
- Page 148 and 149:
145ferent weighting given to their
- Page 150 and 151:
147government’s behalf. This wide
- Page 152 and 153:
149dic countries it is the responsi
- Page 154 and 155:
151Table 2Typology of European coun
- Page 156 and 157:
153zing and monitoring tasks. The i
- Page 158 and 159:
155executive branch from the assemb
- Page 160 and 161:
157has sometimes usefully turned to
- Page 162 and 163:
159under many different conditions
- Page 164 and 165:
161be made among four categories of
- Page 166 and 167:
163V. ConclusionThis panoramic pres
- Page 168:
165whatever the differences in lega
- Page 171 and 172:
LATIN AMERICA166 United Cities and
- Page 173 and 174:
LATIN AMERICA168 United Cities and
- Page 175 and 176:
LATIN AMERICA170United Cities and L
- Page 177 and 178:
LATIN AMERICA172United Cities and L
- Page 179 and 180:
LATIN AMERICA174United Cities and L
- Page 181 and 182:
LATIN AMERICA176United Cities and L
- Page 183 and 184:
LATIN AMERICA178United Cities and L
- Page 185 and 186:
LATIN AMERICA180United Cities and L
- Page 187 and 188:
LATIN AMERICA182United Cities and L
- Page 189 and 190:
LATIN AMERICA184United Cities and L
- Page 191 and 192:
LATIN AMERICA186United Cities and L
- Page 193 and 194:
LATIN AMERICA188United Cities and L
- Page 195 and 196:
LATIN AMERICA190United Cities and L
- Page 197 and 198:
LATIN AMERICA192United Cities and L
- Page 199 and 200:
LATIN AMERICA194United Cities and L
- Page 201 and 202:
LATIN AMERICA196United Cities and L
- Page 203 and 204:
LATIN AMERICA198United Cities and L
- Page 206 and 207:
MIDDLE E AST / WESTERN A SIAMUSTAPH
- Page 208 and 209:
203I. IntroductionThe geographical
- Page 210 and 211:
205Table 1Administrative organizati
- Page 212 and 213:
207The need for economic restructur
- Page 214 and 215:
209head of the executive committee
- Page 216 and 217:
211far from negligible in those sta
- Page 218 and 219:
213lopment of metropolises has take
- Page 220 and 221:
215Until recently, 90% of local inv
- Page 222 and 223:
217palities’ areas of responsibil
- Page 224 and 225:
219planning is dependent on an outs
- Page 226 and 227:
221one year, is steadily increasing
- Page 228 and 229:
223Syria, where the municipal counc
- Page 230 and 231:
225me the reluctance of party manag
- Page 232 and 233:
227V. ConclusionWhat emerges from t
- Page 234:
229Annex 2 Local democracyMunicipal
- Page 237 and 238:
NORTH AMERICA232 United Cities and
- Page 239 and 240:
NORTH AMERICA234United Cities and L
- Page 241 and 242:
NORTH AMERICA236United Cities and L
- Page 243 and 244:
NORTH AMERICA238United Cities and L
- Page 245 and 246:
NORTH AMERICA240 United Cities and
- Page 247 and 248:
NORTH AMERICA242United Cities and L
- Page 249 and 250:
NORTH AMERICA244United Cities and L
- Page 251 and 252:
NORTH AMERICA246United Cities and L
- Page 253 and 254:
NORTH AMERICA248United Cities and L
- Page 255 and 256:
NORTH AMERICA250United Cities and L
- Page 258 and 259:
METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCEJEFFERE Y SE
- Page 260 and 261:
255I. IntroductionWorldwide, metrop
- Page 262 and 263:
257Even beyond the boundaries of me
- Page 264 and 265:
259work of built-up urban areas - h
- Page 266 and 267:
261former colonies, structures of c
- Page 268 and 269:
263ferent ethnicity or race, the in
- Page 270 and 271:
265may be found in a flexible solut
- Page 272 and 273:
267Table 1Dimensions of governance
- Page 274 and 275:
269number. Advisory councils with t
- Page 276 and 277:
271regions increasingly poses what
- Page 278 and 279:
273degree of socio-economic and pol
- Page 280 and 281:
275zed and fragmented here. Primary
- Page 282 and 283:
277tal relations between cities and
- Page 284 and 285:
279Annex 1Examples of Metropolitan
- Page 286 and 287:
281CONCLUSIONDecentralization and D
- Page 288 and 289:
283evolution of decentralization. T
- Page 290 and 291:
285• In Eurasia, particularly in
- Page 292 and 293:
287A companion principle in the int
- Page 294 and 295:
289Box 2Subsidiarity - an issue at
- Page 296 and 297:
291ciency). Allocation efficiency i
- Page 298 and 299:
293nonexistent, with very low level
- Page 300 and 301:
295stepping stone to higher politic
- Page 302 and 303:
297Table 2:Local Government Personn
- Page 304 and 305:
299drawn from side-by-side comparis
- Page 306 and 307:
301of Africa, a Pan-African local g
- Page 308 and 309:
303agenda not only to articulate th
- Page 310 and 311:
305POSTFACEEssay on the clarificati
- Page 312 and 313:
307This approach is not really all
- Page 314 and 315:
309from election, just as decentral
- Page 316 and 317:
311envisages their “subordination
- Page 318:
313without being based on democrati
- Page 321 and 322:
BIBLIOGRAPHY316 United Cities and L
- Page 323 and 324:
BIBLIOGRAPHY318United Cities and Lo
- Page 325 and 326:
BIBLIOGRAPHY320United Cities and Lo
- Page 327 and 328:
BIBLIOGRAPHY322United Cities and Lo
- Page 329 and 330:
BIBLIOGRAPHY324United Cities and Lo
- Page 331 and 332:
BIBLIOGRAPHY326United Cities and Lo
- Page 333 and 334:
BIBLIOGRAPHY328United Cities and Lo
- Page 335 and 336:
BIBLIOGRAPHY330United Cities and Lo
- Page 337 and 338:
BIBLIOGRAPHY332United Cities and Lo
- Page 339 and 340:
BIBLIOGRAPHY334United Cities and Lo
- Page 341 and 342:
BIBLIOGRAPHY336United Cities and Lo
- Page 343 and 344:
BIBLIOGRAPHY338United Cities and Lo
- Page 345 and 346:
BIBLIOGRAPHY340United Cities and Lo
- Page 349:
Decentralization and local democrac