GOLD Report I - UCLG

59Table 3Territorial Organization of Local Government in the Asia-Pacific RegionCountry Type of Type of Federated units, Regional / Upper level Lower levelGovernment State regions or territories provincial level of local of localwith special rights government governmentAustralia Costitutional and parliamentary Federal 6 states and 2 territories Single Tier: 703 councils variously described as cities,democracy (Governor generalmunicipalities, shires or districts with 7 differents localrepresenting the Queen asauthority systems. The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) ofhead of State, Prime Minister asCanberra has its own local government systemchief of government)China Communist state (President Unitary Not applicable 1) Provincial level: District level: Township level:(2006) 2 as chief of state, Premier 34 units 2,860 units 41,040 unitsas head of government) -23 Provinces, -1,463 districts (xian) -14,119 townships (xiang)- 4 large cities directly -369 cities with district right -19,369 boroughs (zhen)under central government -856 inner city districts -10 joint township boards- 5 autonomous* regions: in larger cities (qu gong suo)Inner Mongolia, Guangxi -117 autonomous* districts -6,355 inner city wardsZhuang, Tibet, Ningxia (zi zhi xian) -1,088 ethnic townshipsHui, Xinjiang Uygur -49 ethnic banners (qi) (min zu xiang)-2 special administrative -3 autonomous* banners -98 tribes (sumu)regions: Hong-Kong, Macao (zi zhi qi) -1 ethnic tribe-2 special zones2) Regional level: 333 units: -1 forest zone -644,000 village committees-283 cities of regional level (85% of villages) and-17 regions (diqu) 71,375 urban neighborhood-30 autonomous prefectures committees (70% of(zi zhi zhou) neighborhood communities --3 unions (meng) 2004) are not local authoritiesIndia Parliamentary Democracy Federal 28 states and *Urban areas: Single Tier: 3,694 urban municipalities(President as chief of state, 7 union territories *Rural areas: Single, dual, or triple tiers depending on state,Prime Minister as head246,977 rural councils comprising of:of government)- 459 zilla panchayats (district: third tier),- 5,930 panchayat samitis (block: second tier)- 240,588 gram panchayats (village: first tier)Indonesia Republic, presidential government Unitary 2 special districts: 33 provinces Single Tier: 450 units (2006)(President is both the chief of state Aceh, Papua (including special districts) - municipalities (urban): Kotamadya (2004:91)and head of government) Capital district Jakarta - regencies (rural): Kabupaten (2004:349)- Villages (Desa): (pop. approx. 70,000). Their organizationand functioning are the responsability of theprovincial authorities (law nº 22/1999).Japan Constitutional Monarchy with a Unitary Not applicable 47 prefectures 1,820 municipalities.Parliamentary Government779 city councils,(Emperor as chief of state, Prime844 town councils and 197 village councilsMinister as head of government)Malaysia Constitutional Monarchy Federal 13 states 144 local government units (depending on population):(Paramount Ruler as chief of state, 3 federal territories - 10 city councils,Prime Minister as head of government)- 36 municipal councils for large towns- 98 district councils (areas with small urban centers)2. Data on China from: Quio Jing (2005). La réforme de l’administration chinesse face aux rites confucéens,Thesis, University Paris 1, Panthéon-Sorbonne. (P. 125) (unpublished). Updated by Dr. Qiao.