Monitoring Demographic ICPD indicators Goals – Selected IndicatorsMaleFemaleCountry, territoryor other areaTotalpopulationin millions,<strong>2012</strong>Averageannual rate<strong>of</strong> populationchange,per cent,2010-2015Lifeexpectancyat birth,2010-2015Totalfertilityrate, perwoman,2010-2015Sri Lanka 21.2 0.8 72 78 2.2Sudan 5 35.0 2.2Suriname 0.5 0.9 68 74 2.3Swaziland 1.2 1.4 50 49 3.2Sweden 9.5 0.6 80 84 1.9Switzerland 7.7 0.4 80 85 1.5Syrian Arab Republic 21.1 1.7 74 78 2.8Tajikistan 7.1 1.5 65 71 3.2Tanzania, United Republic <strong>of</strong> 47.7 3.1 58 60 5.5Thailand 69.9 0.5 71 78 1.5The former Yugoslav Republic<strong>of</strong> Macedonia 2.1 0.1 73 77 1.4<strong>World</strong> andregional data 14Totalpopulationin millions,<strong>2012</strong>Averageannual rate<strong>of</strong> populationchange,per cent,2010-2015Lifeexpectancyat birth,2010-2015Totalfertilityrate, perwoman,2010-2015<strong>World</strong> 7,052.1 1.1 67 72 2More developed regions 6 1,244.6 0.3 75 81 2Less developed regions 7 5,807.6 1.3 66 69 3Least developed countries 8 870.4 2.2 58 60 4Arab <strong>State</strong>s 9 318.5 1.9 68 72 3Asia and the Pacific 10 3,744.5 1.0 68 71 2Eastern Europe andCentral Asia 11 401.9 0.3 66 75 2Latin America andthe Caribbean 12 598.3 1.1 72 78 2Sub-Saharan Africa 13 841.8 2.4 54 56 5Timor-Leste, DemocraticRepublic <strong>of</strong> 1.2 2.9 62 64 5.9Togo 6.3 2.0 56 59 3.9Tonga 0.1 0.4 70 75 3.8Trinidad and Tobago 1.4 0.3 67 74 1.6Tunisia 10.7 1.0 73 77 1.9Turkey 74.5 1.1 72 77 2.0Turkmenistan 5.2 1.2 61 69 2.3Turks and Caicos Islands 0.0 1.2Tuvalu 0.0 0.2Uganda 35.6 3.1 54 55 5.9Ukraine 44.9 -0.5 64 75 1.5United Arab Emirates 8.1 2.2 76 78 1.7United Kingdom 62.8 0.6 78 82 1.9United <strong>State</strong>s <strong>of</strong> America 315.8 0.9 76 81 2.1Uruguay 3.4 0.3 74 81 2.0Uzbekistan 28.1 1.1 66 72 2.3Vanuatu 0.3 2.4 70 74 3.7Venezuela (BolivarianRepublic <strong>of</strong>) 29.9 1.5 72 78 2.4Viet Nam 89.7 1.0 73 77 1.7Yemen 25.6 3.0 65 68 4.9Zambia 13.9 3.0 49 50 6.3Zimbabwe 13.0 2.2 54 53 3.1114 INDICATORS
Monitoring ICPD Goals – Selected IndicatorsNotes for indicators* Most recent data available used for each country inthe period specified.1 Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islandsand Norfolk Island.2 Formerly Zaire.3 Including Agalesa, Rodrigues and St. Brandon.4 Due to the formation in July 2011 <strong>of</strong> the Republic<strong>of</strong> South Sudan and its subsequent admission tothe United Nations on 14 July 2011, disaggregateddata for Sudan and South Sudan as separate<strong>State</strong>s are not yet available for most indicators.Aggregated data presented are for Sudan prior tothe independence <strong>of</strong> South Sudan.5 Does not include South Sudan6 More-developed regions comprise North America,Japan, Europe and Australia-New Zealand.7 Less-developed regions comprise all regions<strong>of</strong> Africa, Latin America and Caribbean, Asia(excluding Japan), and Melanesia, Micronesia andPolynesia.8 Least-developed countries according to standardUnited Nations designation.9 Comprising Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq,Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Oman,Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian ArabRepublic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.10 Includes only <strong>UNFPA</strong> programme countries,territories or other areas: Afghanistan, Bangladesh,Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands,Democratic People's Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea, Fiji, India,Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic <strong>of</strong>), Kiribati, LaoPeople's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Maldives,Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar,Nauru, Nepal, Niue, Pakistan, Palau, Papua NewGuinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands,Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga,Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Viet Nam.11 Includes only <strong>UNFPA</strong> programme countries,territories or other areas: Albania, Armenia,Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,Republic <strong>of</strong> Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation,Serbia, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav Republic <strong>of</strong>Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.12 Includes only <strong>UNFPA</strong> programme countries,territories or other areas: Anguilla, Antiguaand Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados,Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia (Plurinational <strong>State</strong> <strong>of</strong>),Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands,Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica,Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, <strong>Haiti</strong>, Honduras,Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts andNevis, Saint Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines,Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos,Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic <strong>of</strong>).13 Includes only <strong>UNFPA</strong> programme countries,territories or other areas: Angola, Benin, Botswana,Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde,Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo,Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic <strong>of</strong> the Congo,Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia,Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho,Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, SouthAfrica, South Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda,United Republic <strong>of</strong> Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.14 Regional aggregations are weighted averagesbased on countries with available data.Technical notes:Data sources and definitionsThe statistical tables in The <strong>State</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>World</strong> <strong>Population</strong> <strong>2012</strong> includeindicators that track progress toward the goals <strong>of</strong> the Programme <strong>of</strong>Action <strong>of</strong> the International Conference on <strong>Population</strong> and Development(ICPD) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the areas <strong>of</strong>maternal health, access to education, reproductive and sexual health. Inaddition, these tables include a variety <strong>of</strong> demographic indicators.Different national authorities and international organizations mayemploy different methodologies in gathering, extrapolating or analyzingdata. To facilitate the international comparability <strong>of</strong> data, <strong>UNFPA</strong> relieson the standard methodologies employed by the main sources <strong>of</strong> data,especially the <strong>Population</strong> Division <strong>of</strong> the United Nations Department <strong>of</strong>Economic and Social Affairs. In some instances, therefore, the data inthese tables differ from those generated by national authorities.Regional averages are based on data about countries and territorieswhere <strong>UNFPA</strong> works, rather than on strict geographical definitionsemployed by the <strong>Population</strong> Division <strong>of</strong> the United Nations Department<strong>of</strong> Economic and Social Affairs. For a list <strong>of</strong> countries included in eachregional category in this report, see the “Notes for indicators.”Monitoring ICPD GoalsMaternal and Newborn HealthMaternal mortality ratio, per 100,000 live births. Source: <strong>World</strong>Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, <strong>UNFPA</strong> and <strong>World</strong> Bank. 2010.Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2010: WHO. This indicator presentsthe number <strong>of</strong> deaths to women per 100,000 live births which resultfrom conditions related to pregnancy, delivery, the postpartum period,and related complications. Estimates between 100-999 are rounded tothe nearest 10, and above 1,000 to the nearest 100. Several <strong>of</strong> the estimatesdiffer from <strong>of</strong>ficial government figures. The estimates are basedon reported figures wherever possible, using approaches that improvethe comparability <strong>of</strong> information from different sources. See the sourcefor details on the origin <strong>of</strong> particular national estimates. Estimates andmethodologies are reviewed regularly by WHO, UNICEF, <strong>UNFPA</strong>, academicinstitutions and other agencies and are revised where necessary,as part <strong>of</strong> the ongoing process <strong>of</strong> improving maternal mortality data.Because <strong>of</strong> changes in methods, prior estimates for 1995 and 2000may not be strictly comparable with these estimates. Maternal mortalityestimates reported here are based on the global database on maternalmortality, which is updated periodically.Births attended by skilled health personnel, per cent, 2000/2010Source: WHO global database on maternal health indicators, <strong>2012</strong> update.Geneva, <strong>World</strong> Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho). Percentage<strong>of</strong> births attended by skilled health personnel (doctors, nurses or midwives)is the percentage <strong>of</strong> deliveries attended by health personneltrained in providing life-saving obstetric care, including giving the necessarysupervision, care and advice to women during pregnancy, labourand the post-partum period; conducting deliveries on their own; andcaring for newborns. Traditional birth attendants, even if they receive ashort training course, are not included.Adolescent birth rate, per 1,000 women aged 15-19, 1991/2010Source: United Nations, Department <strong>of</strong> Economic and Social Affairs,<strong>Population</strong> Division (<strong>2012</strong>). <strong>2012</strong> Update for the MDG Database:Adolescent Birth Rate (POP/DB/Fert/A/MDG<strong>2012</strong>). The adolescentTHE STATE OF WORLD POPULATION <strong>2012</strong>115
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OverviewOne hundred seventy-nine go
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The report is structured to answer
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viiiCHAPTER 1: THE RIGHT TO FAMILY
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“All human beings are born free a
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Treaties, conventions and agreement
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Health: a social and economic right
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“Everyone has the right to educat
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designing and delivering accessible
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use, and reduces unintended pregnan
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16 CHAPTER 2: ANALYSING DATA AND TR
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Change in Age-Specific Fertility Ra
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Sexuality, sexual and gender stereo
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not necessarily associated with a d
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METHOD EFFECTIVENESSMethod, rankedf
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tCouple visiting a ruralfamily plan
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Demand and supply over time5 per ce
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contribute to high unmet need (Sing
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abortions in the region lead to mor
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(as stated in the Convention on the
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arriers prevent individuals from ac
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CHAPTERTHREEChallenges in extending
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sources of sexual and reproductive
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messages were delivered via a numbe
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Ricardo, 2005). Moreover, young and
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per cent in Guatemala. Across all c
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tTeenager inMadagascar listens toa
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Consensual unions account for an in
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when. The proportion of never-marri
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63 per cent to 93 per cent of young
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Family planning in humanitariansett
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Studies suggest that HIV may have a
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