State of World Population 2012 - UNFPA Haiti

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Unintended Pregnancies and outcomes, 2008Total numberof pregnancies(millions)Per cent ofpregnancies thatwere unintendedPercentage distribution of unintended pregnancyoutcomes (as % of all pregnancies)Births Abortions MiscarriagesWorld 208.2 41 16 20 5More developed regions 22.8 47 15 25 6Less developed regions 185.4 40 16 19 5Africa 49.1 39 21 13 5Eastern 17.4 46 25 14 6Middle 6.9 36 22 8 5Northern 7.4 38 15 18 5Southern 2.0 59 34 20 8Western 15.5 30 16 10 4Asia 118.8 38 12 21 5Eastern 31.7 33 4 25 3South-Central 60.4 38 15 18 5Southeastern 19.2 48 14 28 6Western 7.5 44 24 15 6Europe 13.2 44 11 28 5Eastern 6.4 48 5 38 5Northern 1.8 41 17 18 5Western 2.4 42 17 20 5Southern 2.7 39 18 16 5Latin America andCaribbean17.1 58 28 22 8Caribbean 1.2 63 31 23 9Central America 4.6 43 20 17 6South America 11.3 64 31 24 9North America 7.2 48 23 18 7Oceania 0.9 37 16 16 5Source: Singh, S. et al.. 2010: 244.88 CHAPTER 5: THE COSTS AND SAVINGS OF UPHOLDING THE RIGHT TO FAMILY PLANNING
Europe; the highest is 64 per cent in SouthAmerica (Singh, Sedgh and Hussain, 2010).In the United States, an estimated 49 per centof pregnancies are unintended, a figure thatremained unchanged between 1994 and 2001(Finer and Henshaw, 2006).Unintended pregnancies in the UnitedStates occur most frequently among youngwomen 18 to 24 who are unmarried, poor,black or Hispanic. Forty-eight per cent ofunintended conceptions in 2001 occurredduring a month when contraceptives wereused (Finer and Henshaw, 2006). This isbecause some women are more likely to haveunprotected sex, even when they are at othertimes using contraception. In addition, theymay be using less effective methods. Finally,women who are cohabiting are more likely toexperience unintended pregnancies, in partbecause they may be ambivalent about usingcontraception, which may be the preference oftheir partners, not their own. People of lowersocioeconomic status are more likely to experiencecontraceptive failure, in part because theyare more likely to use less effective methods.Changes in contraceptive use, currentlevels of use and unmet needAs described in Chapters 2 and 3, there isa strong and growing need for sexual andreproductive health services that includefamily planning among unmarried people,since age at first marriage has increased ashas sexual activity among unmarried people.Unmarried, sexually active women are atgreater risk of unintended pregnancy thanmarried women. Cohabiting women are usingcontraception at rates like those of marriedwomen, but tend to have higher levels ofsexual activity, being younger; in addition,they may be more fecund.Contraceptive use by married women indeveloping and developed countries betweenthe ages of 15 and 49 rose from near zero inthe 1960s to approximately 47 per cent in 1990and to 55 per cent in 2000 and has leveled offsince (United Nations Department of Economicand Social Affairs, 2004 and 2011). In EastAfrica, the rate increased from 20 per cent inLarge Variations in married women'slevel of unmet need for and use ofmodern contraception among subregionsof the developing world in 2012Subregions of the developing worldDeveloping worldWestern AfricaMiddle AfricaEastern AfricaNorthern AfricaSouthern AfricaWestern AsiaSouth AsiaCentral AsiaSoutheast AsiaEastern AsiaCaribbeanCentral AmericaSouth AmericaSource: Singh & Darroch 2012Modern contraceptive useUnmet need for modern contraceptives9 307 3727 3257 1845 2158 1634 3546 2452 1956 2056 2264 1870 170 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100% of married women 15-4988 3THE STATE OF WORLD POPULATION 201289
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OverviewOne hundred seventy-nine go
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The report is structured to answer
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viiiCHAPTER 1: THE RIGHT TO FAMILY
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“All human beings are born free a
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Treaties, conventions and agreement
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Health: a social and economic right
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“Everyone has the right to educat
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designing and delivering accessible
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use, and reduces unintended pregnan
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16 CHAPTER 2: ANALYSING DATA AND TR
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Change in Age-Specific Fertility Ra
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Sexuality, sexual and gender stereo
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not necessarily associated with a d
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METHOD EFFECTIVENESSMethod, rankedf
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tCouple visiting a ruralfamily plan
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Demand and supply over time5 per ce
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contribute to high unmet need (Sing
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abortions in the region lead to mor
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(as stated in the Convention on the
Page 47 and 48: arriers prevent individuals from ac
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTERTHREEChallenges in extending
Page 51 and 52: sources of sexual and reproductive
Page 53 and 54: messages were delivered via a numbe
Page 55 and 56: Ricardo, 2005). Moreover, young and
Page 58 and 59: per cent in Guatemala. Across all c
Page 60 and 61: tTeenager inMadagascar listens toa
Page 62 and 63: Consensual unions account for an in
Page 64 and 65: when. The proportion of never-marri
Page 66 and 67: 63 per cent to 93 per cent of young
Page 68 and 69: Family planning in humanitariansett
Page 71 and 72: Studies suggest that HIV may have a
Page 73 and 74: with a public health challenge (Wor
Page 75 and 76: State-run family planning programme
Page 77 and 78: people in mobile, temporary, and re
Page 79 and 80: systems and civic participation to
Page 81 and 82: CHAPTERFOURThe social and economici
Page 83 and 84: tCommunityeducation inCaracas, Vene
Page 85 and 86: Estimates of Total Fertility2010-20
Page 87 and 88: children, and healthier women also
Page 89 and 90: empirical evidence supporting this
Page 92 and 93: tRicardo and Sarain Mexico City say
Page 94 and 95: to secure the future population’s
Page 96 and 97: 86 CHAPTER 5: THE COSTS AND SAVINGS
Page 100 and 101: tDonor Commitmentspanel at the Lond
Page 102 and 103: UNFPA supports the Health for All c
Page 104 and 105: tDr. BabatundeOsotimehin, Executive
Page 106 and 107: 96 CHAPTER 6: MAKING THE RIGHT TO F
Page 108 and 109: When individuals are able to exerci
Page 110 and 111: Family planning programmes must ref
Page 112 and 113: Family planning programmes reinforc
Page 114: tPresident of NigeriaGoodluck Jonat
Page 117 and 118: Monitoring Monitoring ICPD ICPD Goa
Page 123 and 124: Monitoring ICPD Goals Demographic -
Page 125 and 126: Monitoring ICPD Goals - Selected In
Page 127 and 128: BibliographyAbbasi-Shavazi, Mohamma
Page 140: Delivering a world where every preg
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