Agronomijas v stis - Latvijas LauksaimniecÄ«bas universitÄte

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The plants should be pruned since they start cropping. The rejuvenesce pruning should be donewhen the plantation is about 15 year old.It is recommended to use in rows organic substances like sawdust from coniferous trees, acid peat,bark and stow.It is also possible to spread in rows the black plastic.References1. Smolarz K. (1996) Wpływ wieloletniego nawoŜenia mineralnego na wzrost i plonowanie kilkugatunków roślin jagodowych. Monografie i Rozprawy, Inst. Sadow.Kwiac., Skierniewice.2. Smolarz K. (1997) Wzrost i plonowanie 12 odmian borówki wysokiej w środkowej części Polski. Zesz.Nauk. Inst.. Sadow. Kwiac., 4, pp. 97-110.3. Smolarz K., Chlebowska D. (2004) Wpływ rozstawy i nawoŜenia azotowego na siłę wzrostu iplonowanie borówki wysokiej. Zesz. Nauk. Inst. Sadow. Kwiac., 12, pp. 155-162.CLOUDBERRY BREEDING IN NORWAYLĀCEĥU SELEKCIJA NORVĒĂIJĀEivind Uleberg, Gunnlaug Røthe, Inger MartinussenNorwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt, Box 2284, 9269Tromsø, Norway, e-mail: eivind.uleberg@bioforsk.noAbstractTwo female and two male cultivars have previously been released as a result of clone evaluation atBioforsk Nord Holt. The selection criteria were the number of pistils or stamens per flower, thenumber of flowers and the number of shoots per m 2 . Currently a new group of clones are beingevaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. The preliminary results on floweringand berry production show a strong variance in these traits. Over three years of registration, thenumber of produced flowers varied from under 100 for the weakest clone to more than 1000 for thebest clone. The number of produced berries varied from 9 for the weakest clone to 242 for the bestclone. The three clones that produced the most flowers all had very low berry production anddeviated from the rest of the clones by having high numbers of flowers per harvested berry. Newselection criteria will be considered before selection of new cultivars for release. In addition to theproduction traits, new selection criteria will most likely include berry contents, such as the levels ofantioxidants.KopsavilkumsKlonu izvērtēšanas rezultātā Bioforsk Nord Holt tika izveidotas divas sievišėās un divas vīrišėāslāceĦu šėirnes. Izlases kritēriji bija drīksnu vai putekšĦnīcu skaits ziedā, ziedu un dzinumu skaitsuz kvadrātmetru. Pašlaik tiek izvērtēta jauna klonu grupa, lai iegūtu jaunas šėirnes. Iepriekšējierezultāti parāda lielas atšėirības starp klonu ziedēšanu un ogu ražošanu. Trīs gadu laikā ziedu skaitsuz m 2 svārstījās no mazāk nekā 100 sliktākajam klonam līdz vairāk nekā 1000 labākajam klonam,bet izveidoto ogu skaits – no 9 līdz 242. Trīs kloni, kuriem novēroja visbagātīgāko ziedēšanu,veidoja Ĝoti maz ogu un atšėīrās no pārējiem ar lielu ziedu skaitu, attiecībā pret izveidoto oguskaitu. Pirms jaunu šėirĦu izdalīšanas tiks izstrādāti jauni izlases kritēriji – neskaitot ražošanasīpatnības, tiks iekĜauts arī ogu sastāvs, piemēram, antioksidantu saturs.Key words: cloudberry, clone evaluation, selection criteriaIntroductionTwo female (‘Fjellgull’ and ‘Fjordgull’) and two male (‘Apollen’ and ‘Apolto’) cultivars ofcloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) have previously been released as a result of clone evaluation atthe Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research. The evaluation consisted ofcomparisons of different clones under controlled environmental conditions. Selection criteria were122
the number of pistils (female clones) or stamens (male clones) per flower, the number of flowersand the number of shoots per m 2 (Rapp, 1991). Currently a number of clones collected fromdifferent wild populations are being evaluated at Bioforsk Nord Holt. The group consists of 11female and 1 male genotype collected around 1995. The aim of these evaluations is to find newgenotypes suited for cultivar release. Preliminary results from these evaluations are presented here,focusing on the female clones for the parameters of the number of flowers and numbers of berries.Materials and methodsThe evaluations were performed at Bioforsk Nord Holt in Tromsø (latitude 69º40’, altitude 30meters above sea level). The different clones were planted on peat in open benches outdoors. Thedifferent clones were planted in separated squares that contained 16 plants of the clone, and everyclone was represented in two different squares at random positions on the bench. The bench wasestablished in 2003, the square size within the bench was 0,8 m 2 . The squares were separated toavoid rhizomes propagation between the squares.Table 1. Description of the evaluated clones.Number Origin Sex Latitude Altitude002 England Female 54º30’ .102 Aust Agder Female 58º30’ 50104 Aust Agder Female 58º30’ 350105 Aust Agder Male 58º30’ 650106 Aust Agder Female 58º30’ 650202 Hedmark Female 62º30’ 50206 Hedmark Female 62º30’ 650208 Hedmark Female 62º30’ 950304 Nordland Female 66º30’ 350306 Nordland Female 66º30’ 650404 Finnmark Female 70º30’ 350602 Svalbard Female 78º38’ 80Table 1 gives a brief description of the evaluated clones. Ten clones were collected from fourdifferent Norwegian counties; two in Northern Norway (Finnmark and Nordland), and two inSouthern Norway (Aust Agder and Hedmark). In addition, one clone was collected in England andone at Svalbard. The clones were collected at altitudes ranging from 50 to 950 meters above sealevel. One of the clones was male. In addition, 5 male clones were located on nearby benches, thus6 different male clones were available for the pollination of the evaluated female clones.The first berries were produced in 2005, and from 2006 flowering and berry production have beenregistered. Number of flowers are registered once every season, thus both number of flowers,number of buds and number of withered flowers are registered and added up to a measure of totalnumber of flowers. Berries are harvested at maturity and are registered several times every season.Registrations are made for number of drupes and berry weight.Results and DiscussionFigure 1 shows the number of flowers produced by the different clones. There are large differencesin the total number of flowers over the three years, with clone 106 being the best with just over1000 flowers registered and clone 202 the poorest with fewer than 100 registered flowers.123
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Conference Organizing CommitteeChai
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15 Pormale J., Osvalde A. and Nolle
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were established in 1985. Nowadays,
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10,1-15 ha7%15,1-20 ha7%< 20,1 ha0%
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In less than half the surveyed farm
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economical and biochemical characte
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investigated European cranberry acc
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fruit of V. opulus has different am
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As several authors have stated (Koz
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KopsavilkumsVaccinium ăints kultū
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maintained in a mist chamber with v
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period and produce vigorous vegetat
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38. Marcotrigiano M. and McGlew S.P
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of changes in the typological struc
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fall from 2 to 3 and that for heath
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HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY BREEDINGAUGSTKR
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Southern and Intermediate highbush
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and anatomically they belong to fal
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The levels of flavonols are more co
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21. Polashock J.J., Griesbach R.J.,
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Figure 1. A general scheme of the N
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5. Åkerström A., Forsum Å., Rump
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species and studying the efficiency
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Thus, it has been determined that t
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HIGHBUSH BL
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lueberry cultivars were collected f
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Ascorbic acid, mg 100ḡ 112108642a
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6. Saftner R., Polashock J., Ehlenf
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Materials and methodsThe experiment
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The titrable acids content of the e
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There was a significant correlation
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Nichenametla et al., 2006), human n
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The contribution of V. macrocarpon
Page 71 and 72: 11. Kong J. M., Chia L. S., Goh N.K
Page 73 and 74: isothermically at 70°C for 5 min,
Page 75 and 76: IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF SEVERAL VAC
Page 77 and 78: 16BM ean N o. of shoots/explant1412
Page 79 and 80: Figure 2. Axillary shoot regenerati
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Page 83 and 84: espectively). It should be stressed
Page 85 and 86: lueberry appear to play a conclusiv
Page 87 and 88: 15. Reimann C., Kollen F., Frengsta
Page 89 and 90: each type, and for comparison sampl
Page 91 and 92: the mean. Kisgyır 1 sample has the
Page 93 and 94: 13. Porpáczy A. (1999) A húsos so
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Page 99 and 100: KopsavilkumsEiropas melleĦu (Vacci
Page 101 and 102: Figure 2. Chemometric PCA of 32 blu
Page 103 and 104: References1. Baloga D.W., Vorsa N.,
Page 105 and 106: obtained from fruits of black choke
Page 107 and 108: In our opinion, the best estimate a
Page 109 and 110: cuttings also varies markedly with
Page 111 and 112: shoots shorter than 10 mm were not
Page 113 and 114: 14. Ostrolucka M.G., Gajdosova A, L
Page 115 and 116: „Metos RG-350” (http://www.meto
Page 117 and 118: 500480Phenols,mg 100g -146044042040
Page 119 and 120: SHORT INFORMATION ABOUT THE HISTORY
Page 121: Evaluation of cultivars. After the
Page 125 and 126: Table 2. Number of flowers per harv
Page 127 and 128: ResultsFirst time upright dieback i
Page 129 and 130: grew rapidly on PDA at 20 - 24 o C.
Page 131 and 132: Figure 9. Conidia of Physalospora v
Page 133 and 134: References1. CABI, EPPO, (1997) Dia
Page 135 and 136: Results und DiscussionBerries were
Page 137 and 138: In literature Caruso eds. and Гop
Page 139 and 140: the total area under a cranberry ma
Page 141 and 142: Skilled works on development of the
Page 143 and 144: Tika atrastas dažas būtiskas ats
Page 145 and 146: appears to maintain a quite low lev
Page 147 and 148: 8. Garkava - Gustavson L.,Persson H
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