Agronomijas v stis - Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitāte

Figure 2. Accumulated production of berries at 18°C.♦ clone S1, ■ clone S2, ▲ clone N1, × clone N2Studies on raspberries (Anttonen and Karjalainen, 2005) also indicate that growing conditions(light, temperature and soil condition) affect the phenolic content in northern latitudes; however,the variation between genotypes was considerable.Table 1. Analysis of % sugars, % acids and total phenols in bilberries grown at 12° and 18°C.Temp.°C % Sugars % Acids Total phenols mg/100 g12 13.1 3.7 583.818 9.2 2.9 556.8(The results are presented as the mean for all clones and all treatments at the given temperature.)ConclusionsThe results show that the clones of bilberries originating from northern areas are better adapted tolow temperatures and long days (24 h light) than clones originating from southern areas. Breedingshould therefore aim both for the selection of material for northern conditions and material forsouthern conditions. Low temperatures lead to a significantly higher content of sugars, acids andtotal phenols. Berries from the northern areas possess the added value of sweetness and a highercontent of the health beneficial phenols. In conclusion, breeding material should be selected basedon the evaluation of results achieved from the health benefit compounds of bilberry clones.Moreover, the environmental effects on berry quality will open the door for breeding specificclones for specific regions.AcknowledgementsThe study was financed by Norden Nordic Innovation Centre, program “New Nordic Food” and theNorwegian Research Council, program “Matprogrammet”.References1. Ainsworth E.A. and Gillespie G.M. (2007) Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidationsubstrates in plant tissues using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Nature Protocols, 2(4), pp. 875-877.2. Anttonen M.J. and Karjalainen R.O. (2005) Environmental and genetic variation of phenolic compoundsin red raspberry. J. Food Comp. Analysis, 18, pp. 759-769.3. Giovanelli G. and Buratti S. (2009) Comparison of polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity ofwild Italian bluberries and some cultivated varieties. Food Chem., 112, pp. 903-908.4. Howard, L., Clark J.R. and Brownmiller C. (2003) Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content inblueberries as affected by genotype and growing season. J. Sci. Food Agric., 83, pp. 1238-1247.5. Lätti A.K., Riihinen K.R. and Kainulainen P.S. (2008) Analysis of anthocyanin variation in wildpopulations of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in Finland. J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, pp. 190-503.6. Rieger G., Müller M., Guttenberger H. and Bucar F. (2008) Influence of altitudinal variation on thecontent of phenolic compound in wild populations of Calluna vulgaris, Sambucus nigra, and Vacciniummyrtillus. J. Agric. Food Chem., 56(19), pp. 9080-9086.74