While the nutrient status of highbush blueberries in the United States and Canada (the mainblueberry production countries in the world) has been studied in considerable detail (Eck, 1988;Strik et al., 1993; Hart et al., 2006), investigations on optimal cultivation technologies of theblueberry crop in Latvia are in their very beginning stages. At present high bush blueberries inLatvia are cultivated on light, acid mineral soils rich in organic matter as well as on high bogs afterpeat extraction. As highbush blueberries are grown in many non-native regions all over the world(Strik, 2005) and often on soils that have been differently modified by acidification, liming ororganic matter incorporation, direct application of nutrient recommendations and managementpractices from North America are limited in their practicality. Therefore intensive scientificresearch on soil, climatic requirements and the mineral nutrition regime of highbush blueberries aswell as wild blueberries in Latvia are very important.The main aim of this study was to find out the actual mineral nutrition status of the cultivatedhighbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ) and wild blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in Latvia aswell as to evaluate the peculiarities of blueberry mineral nutrition in producing plantings and nativewoodlands.Materials and methodsAbout 100 (soil and plant) samples were collected from different blueberry producing sites(Aluksne, Jelgava, Riga, Valmiera and other districts) and 5 woodlands (Cesis, Saldus, Tukums,Valka districts and forest territory of Jurmala city) in Latvia during summer 2008.The soil samples were taken with a soil probe to a depth of 20 cm. For each sample, five to eightsubsamples were obtained and thoroughly mixed to form one sample. The soil samples were airdried;plant roots and all particles, mineral and organic with a diameter larger than 2 mm wereremoved by sieving through a 2-mm sieve. To determine the plant available amounts of 12biogenous elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B) the soil samples were extractedwith 1 M HCl (soil - extractant volume ratio 1:5) (Rinkis et al., 1987).For each highbush blueberry plant sample 50-100 of the most recently fully expanded leaves fromcurrent season shoots were collected from locations representative of the planting. Wild blueberryleaf materials were collected at each site as a composite sample from an area of about 10x10 m.The plant material was dried at 60 º C and ground. Then the plant samples were dry-ashed withHNO 3 vapours and re-dissolved in HCl solution (HCl - distilled water mixture 3:100) (Rinkis et al.,1987).Concentrations of 12 biogenous elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B) weredetermined in all soil and leaf samples. The levels of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn were estimatedby an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 700, acetylene-air flame),those of N, P, Mo, B by colorimetry, S by turbidimetry, and K by flame photometer (Jenwey PFP7,air-propane butane flame). Soil pH was determined in 1 M KCl (soil - extractant volume ratio1:2.5) potentiometrically by pHmeter Sartorius PB-20 (Rinkis et al., 1987). Soil electricalconductivity (EC, mS cm -1 ) was determined in distilled water extract (soil - distilled water volumeratio 1:5) by the conductometer Hanna EC 215. Analytical replication was performed at least threetimes. The levels of statistical significance were determined using MS Excel 2003. T-test “Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances” (p
espectively). It should be stressed that almost all the elements concentration range, with exceptionof Ca and Mo, in woodland soils was narrower.Table 1. Nutrient concentrations in blueberry soil samples from producing plantings and woodlandsin Latvia, 2008.Concentrations in 1M HCl extraction, mg l -1Ele-mentV. corymbosum L. V. myrtillus L.optimal inhighbushrange mean ± SE range mean ± SEblueberry soilsN 15-245 70.59±8.30a 1 13-32 22.87±1.61b 120 - 150P 34-1908 334.92±56.17a 27-47 35.27±1.43b 150 - 180K 19-500 150.43±18.48a 30-130 70.07±6.27b 100 - 140Ca288-16900 2388.46±572.16a 7-1400 588.73±84.57b 700 - 1200Mg 100-3875 383.92±101.51a 22-350 109.33±18.78b 120 - 250S 7.0-825 79.54±26.12a 7-11 8.67±0.33b 30 - 50Fe 24-9750 1115.62±275.72a 90-380 177.93±23.87b 600 - 15000.10-15 - 25Mn 185.00 47.31±7.87a 0.70-24.00 10.19±2.42b1.35-8 - 20Zn 20.00 5.77±0.69a 1.60-12.50 5.77±0.72a0.45-2.5 – 4.0Cu 17.50 3.61±0.57a 0.10-2.00 0.51±0.13bMo 0.01-0.14 0.04±0.005a 0.01-0.41 0.06±0.03a 0.06 – 0.20B 0.10-1.40 0.48±0.06a 0.10-1.00 0.42±0.08a 0.6 – 1.2pH KCl 2.76-7.20 4.30±0.16a 2.59-4.01 3.06±0.10b 4.2 - 4.8EC,mS cm -1 0.15-5.39 1.05±0.19a 0.20-0.37 0.28±0.01b 0.8 – 1.21 Means with different letters in a row were significantly different (t-Test, p < 0.05)Significantly (p
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Conference Organizing CommitteeChai
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15 Pormale J., Osvalde A. and Nolle
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were established in 1985. Nowadays,
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10,1-15 ha7%15,1-20 ha7%< 20,1 ha0%
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In less than half the surveyed farm
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economical and biochemical characte
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investigated European cranberry acc
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fruit of V. opulus has different am
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As several authors have stated (Koz
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KopsavilkumsVaccinium ăints kultū
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maintained in a mist chamber with v
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period and produce vigorous vegetat
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38. Marcotrigiano M. and McGlew S.P
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- Page 37 and 38: Southern and Intermediate highbush
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- Page 61 and 62: Materials and methodsThe experiment
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References1. CABI, EPPO, (1997) Dia
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Results und DiscussionBerries were
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In literature Caruso eds. and Гop
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the total area under a cranberry ma
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Skilled works on development of the
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Tika atrastas dažas būtiskas ats
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appears to maintain a quite low lev
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8. Garkava - Gustavson L.,Persson H