KopsavilkumsSavvaĜas ogas ir Skandināvijas dabas raksturīga sastāvdaĜa un īpaša ZiemeĜvalstu dabas vērtība.SavvaĜas ogas ir arī bagāts un vērtīgs resurss, kas vēl nav izmantots apmierinošā līmenī. Aptuveni90 – 95 % no visas savvaĜas ogu ražas ZiemeĜvalstu mežos katru gadu paliek nenovāktas. SavvaĜasogu izmantošanas problēmas Skandināvijas valstīs ir līdzīgas - ogu savākšanas loăistika, ietverotizpķti, sadrumstaloto sektora struktūru, kā arī lielu daĜu neapstrādātās izejvielas eksportā.ZiemeĜvalstu projekts koncentrējas uz mellenēm (Vaccinium myrtillus) „Mellenes: ceĜā uzfunkcionālās pārtikas tirgu” (2007 – 2009) un ir daĜa no jaunās ZiemeĜvalstu pārtikas programmas,ko finansē ZiemeĜvalstu inovācijas centrs.Programmas mērėis ir veicināt sadarbību un inovāciju starp uzĦēmumiem, kuri izmanto dabasresursus ZiemeĜvalstīs, kā arī uzlabot savvaĜas ogu ražošanu un izmantošanu ZiemeĜvalstīs unPasaules tirgū. Lai sasniegtu šo mērėi, jākooperējas starp ZiemeĜvalstu ekspertiem, kas nodarbojasar dažādiem pētījumu virzieniem par savvaĜas ogām. Projekts ir vērsts uz tirgus pētījumiem,kvalitātes jautājumiem, bioloăisko daudzveidību un savvaĜas ogu, it sevišėi, melleĦu izpēti.Mārketinga aptaujas rezultāti tika publicēti 2008. gada novembrī. Aptaujas mērėis bija iegūtvispārēju priekšstatu par kompānijām, kas strādā ar savvaĜas ogām ZiemeĜvalstīs un apkopotinformāciju par uzĦēmumu gatavību sadarboties savvaĜas ogu piegādē, loăistikā, tirdzniecībā,pētniecībā un attīstībā. Balstoties uz iegūtajiem rezultātiem, tika panākta vispārēja vienošanās parstiprākas kooperācijas nepieciešamību ZiemeĜvalstu līmenī.Key words: bilberry, quality, marketing survey, new nordic foodIntroductionBilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) belongs to the most important wild berries in northern Europeand is recognized for its bioactive properties (Lau et al. 2005, Canter & Ernst 2004). Wild berriesare a valuable part of European nature and tradition. In the northern and eastern parts of Europewild berries grow abundantly and in these areas the picking of wild berries and mushrooms is animportant recreation for people. About half of the wild berries are picked for personal consumptionand the remainder are used for commercial utilization. In these areas wild berries are a speciality,which could be utilised and marketed notably better. The average bilberry yield in Scandinavia hasbeen estimated to be over 500 million kg per year, from which only 5 – 8 % is used (Salo 1995).Wild berries are an excellent source for functional food that should demand a higher valuation andproduct development in Europe. Nowadays, the biggest part of wild berries picked commercially inNorth Europe is exported as frozen unprocessed raw material to East Asia or the Central-Europeanfood industry. China and Japan are the biggest buyers of European wild berries, a market of whichis increasingly focused on health products. The wild berry industry in Europe is typically fairlysmall and fragmented. One problem is that the annual wild berry crop yields vary markedly indifferent areas and the yield estimates of the crop have been inaccurate with the present methods.In addition, to better utilise the valuable raw material more knowledge on the uniform quality ofwild berries growing in different areas is needed. By characterising the attributes of the growthareas of the best wild berry crops, would provide a sustainable and natural ways to improve thefuture prospects of wild berry production in a changing climate. Moreover, sustainable methods forimproving the logistics of wild berry picking would be needed. A Nordic project focusing on thebilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) “Bilberry: Towards functional food markets” was initiated in 2007.The project is a part of the New Nordic Food programme funded by the Nordic Innovation Centre.The programme aims to enhance cooperation and innovation among companies that utilize thenatural resources of the Nordic countries. The aim of the project is to improve wild berryproduction and utilization in the Nordic and global market. Three work packages includingnetworking, marketing research and quality aspects have been the basis of the project to achieve thestated goal. The general scheme of the project is presented in figure 1.44
Figure 1. A general scheme of the Nordic bilberry project.Networking. The bilberry project is co-ordinated by the University of Oulu, Finland, and the otherparticipants are the Arctic Flavours Association and MTT Agrifood Research Jokioinen fromFinland, the Nordic Gene Bank (NordGen), the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences(SLU), Bioforsk, the University of Tromsø and Biolink from Norway and the AgriculturalUniversity of Iceland. There are also some companies and other institutions as network partners ofthe project. During the project, information gathered on companies dealing with wild berries inNordic countries was listed.The bilberry project organized the Nordic wild berry seminar at the University of Oulu, Finland on6 th -7 th November 2008. In the seminar, there were altogether 50 participants from Finland, Sweden,Norway, UK, Canada and Japan. The participants were representatives of research institutes, wildberry companies and other related organizations. The two-day program consisted of presentationson health and quality issues, marketing and the product development of Nordic wild berries. Apanel discussion with the title: “Wild berry production in the northern areas – Guidelines for thefuture” was held at the end of the seminar. In the discussions, increased co-operation between allinterested parties in the wild berry sector was emphasised. The general consensus was that in thefuture, there would be a need for a joint organisation (e.g. Nordic Wild Berry Association) tomaintain the established networking and productive discussions via the general meetings andmailing lists.Marketing survey. The aim of the marketing survey was first of all to generate an overall picture ofthe rather heterogeneous and large group of Nordic companies working with wild berries –especially bilberries. Another aim was to gather information on how the companies feel aboutcertain issues related to the wild berry sector, e.g. if companies have problems in gaining enoughwild berries. A special emphasis was given to cooperative actions between the companies. The aimwas to find out whether, and to what extent, the companies are willing to cooperate in order toreach some of their common goals and what are the areas of business that they consider worthwhileto cooperate in. The common goals include wild berry supply, logistics, marketing and researchand development. The survey was carried out in 2007 – 2008. First task was to gather informationfrom the Nordic companies dealing with wild berries. The eight page questionnaire was deliveredto 1300 companies, 200 of which were Finnish, 750 Swedish and 350 Norwegian. The results wereanalysed, compiled and first published in the Nordic Wild Berry Seminar at Oulu, Finland inNovember 2008 and afterwards also as a printed report (Paassilta et. al., 2009). The results of thesurvey shown that Nordic wild berry companies are for increased co-operation in Nordic levelconcerning several common issues. For instance, creating a uniform traceability system for allNordic countries in wild berry picking was supported. Most of companies also supported thedevelopment of common Nordic wild berry brand in the future.45
- Page 3 and 4: Conference Organizing CommitteeChai
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was medium (0.014 - 0.017 g kg -1 s
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‘Salaspils Ražīgā’. Vigorous
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KopsavilkumsEiropas melleĦu (Vacci
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Figure 2. Chemometric PCA of 32 blu
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References1. Baloga D.W., Vorsa N.,
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obtained from fruits of black choke
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In our opinion, the best estimate a
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cuttings also varies markedly with
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shoots shorter than 10 mm were not
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14. Ostrolucka M.G., Gajdosova A, L
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„Metos RG-350” (http://www.meto
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500480Phenols,mg 100g -146044042040
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SHORT INFORMATION ABOUT THE HISTORY
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Evaluation of cultivars. After the
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the number of pistils (female clone
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Table 2. Number of flowers per harv
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ResultsFirst time upright dieback i
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grew rapidly on PDA at 20 - 24 o C.
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Figure 9. Conidia of Physalospora v
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References1. CABI, EPPO, (1997) Dia
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Results und DiscussionBerries were
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In literature Caruso eds. and Гop
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the total area under a cranberry ma
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Skilled works on development of the
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Tika atrastas dažas būtiskas ats
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appears to maintain a quite low lev
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8. Garkava - Gustavson L.,Persson H