Novel Design of an Integrated Pulp Mill Biorefinery for the ...

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Table C.4: Energy and mass flow DME Syngas Purge gas Steam Energy/(GJ/d) 63517.78 124228.17 49691.27 280.20 Energy/(MWt) 735.16 1437.83 575.13 3.24 Mass/(t/d) 2191.78 10629.33 4251.73 96.44 Mass flow (kg/s) 25.37 123.02 49.21 1.12 P/bar 48 50 25 20 T/oC 25 1420 150 200 86
Appendix D: FTD Synthesis Two different LTFT designs where considered for the FTD production design; a case study based on a Salso design from Steynberg et al. and a case study modeled in Aspen Plus by Larson et al [72, 81]. Both case studies used slurry-phase bubbling reactors utilizing iron based catalyst. The Steynberg et al. case study was initially examined. The Steynberg et al. case study provided a mass and energy balance for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from the point of gasifying coal to pre-upgraded Fischer-Tropsch production. This case study is given in Figure D.1 and Table D.1. Figure D.1: Steynberg et al. mass and energy flow diagram for LTFT with iron catalyst [72]. Table D.1: Steynberg et al. mass and energy flow balance for LTFT with iron catalys [72]t. 87
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Novel Design of an Integrated Pulp
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Table of Contents List of Figures .
Page 5 and 6:
List of Figures Figure 1: Price of
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1 Introduction The global transport
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2 Background 2.1 Pulp Mill Backgrou
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2.1.2.2 Chemical Pulping The most c
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sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate
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process described in the section on
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2.2.1 Low-Temperature Black Liquor
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Figure 2: Chemrec gasification proc
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Table 3: Average syngas composition
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DME than that could be obtained fro
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U.S. Patent[58] and European Patent
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Figure 4: Topsøe gas phase technol
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DME Workshop, Japan (Sept. 7, 2000)
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2.4.1. Fischer-Tropsch Reactors The
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kpH 2 pCO Cobalt rate = 2 (2.4.1) (
Page 35 and 36: invention of Fischer-Tropsch in the
Page 37 and 38: Table 7: hydrocarbons and associate
Page 39 and 40: 3 Process Design 3.1 Pulp Mill 3.1.
Page 41 and 42: carbonate is fired in a lime kiln t
Page 43 and 44: lost and the pulp that provides tha
Page 45 and 46: Table 16: General operating paramet
Page 47 and 48: Table 19: Ash analysis of Pittsburg
Page 49 and 50: Table 22: Experimental syngas compo
Page 51 and 52: 3.2.5 Process Options and Flexibili
Page 53 and 54: Nitrogen compounds Nitrogen from th
Page 55 and 56: 3.3.2.3 Reactors A single-step gas
Page 57 and 58: Table 27: FT-diesel fuel synthesis
Page 59 and 60: 3.5.2 Power Generation Process Desi
Page 61 and 62: Figure 21: Schematic of biorefinery
Page 63 and 64: ar) reacts with the fuel in the com
Page 65 and 66: Figure 25showed the detailed energy
Page 67 and 68: 4. Design Summary The DME design an
Page 69 and 70: Figure 27: Mass and energy flow of
Page 71 and 72: References 1. Åhman, M., G. Modig,
Page 73 and 74: 42. R.A. Peascoe, J.R.K., C.R. Hubb
Page 75 and 76: PerformanceSimulation. 2006, Prince
Page 77 and 78: Appendix Appendix A MP Steam Demand
Page 79 and 80: Appendix B: Composite Fuel Blend to
Page 81 and 82: DME Density = 0.67 kg/L (at 20 °C)
Page 83 and 84: Air Separation Unit Requirements Ba
Page 85: Purge gas: CO conversion is 60%, 40
Page 89 and 90: Table D.3: The hydrocarbon product
Page 91 and 92: Figure D.3 Mass and energy balance
Page 93 and 94: Table D.3 Mass and energy balance o
Page 95 and 96: Appendix E: Heat and Power Generati
Page 97 and 98: Energy H2O absorbed MW 46.71 Using
Page 99 and 100: Combustion 2CO+O2→ 2CO2 + 566 kJ/
Page 101 and 102: Specific Heat (cp) b kJ/kgK 1.072 E
Page 103 and 104: Specific Heat of Steam (cp) kJ/kgK
Page 105: Appendix F: Concept Map 105
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