developing a model for integrating safety, quality and productivity in ...

time would have negative effects on safety. Workers, who work over time, areexposed to exhaustion more than others. Thus, their productivity in addition to thesafety would be influenced. It is not always advised to assign workers more workinghours. Such extra time would worsen the safety conditions in addition to projectproductivity."Rework negatively affects safety" factor was ranked in the third position amongfactors improving productivity group with RII = 0.520 and was ranked in the 23 rdposition among all groups factors of productivity. This result shows that rework andcorrective actions have negative effects on safety. Rework is needed when supervisionor contractor engineers would detect failure or bad quality work. Worker has to repairand implement corrective actions in order to overcome the quality problem. Workerwould be under stress to complete this corrective activity faster so that work can be onschedule. This condition exposes worker to more accidents."Increase of productivity is on the expense of safety" factor was ranked in the fourthposition among factors improving productivity group with RII = 0.480 and wasranked in the 25 th position among all groups factors of productivity. This result showsthat the increase of productivity has negative effect on safety. This was ranked lowwhich means that majority of contractors do not support such factor. The increase ofproductivity could be on the expense of safety if productivity is increased abnormally.Safety increases productivity because safe workers feel more confident manage riskseffectively consequently."Incentives based on productivity decreases safety" factor was ranked in the fifthposition among factors improving productivity group with RII = 0.389 and wasranked in the 28 th position among all groups factors of productivity. This factor wasthe lowest within the group. This result shows that productivity incentives may notnegatively affect safety. It may be believed that when workers are given incentivesbased on their productivity records, they would ignore their personal safety.Respondents did not support this idea; on the contrary, their answers were neutral.Productivity incentives would motivate workers to work more productively but not130