Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

J.C. FRISVAD &R.A.SAMSONKeys to species (see also http://www.cbs.knaw.nl/penicillium.htm)The identification of the 58 taxa of subgenus Penicillium is difficult, because the micromorphology of the strains isvery similar. In adition of the structures and branching of the conidiphores, the shape and ornamentation of conidiait is often helpful to use colony characters including growth rate, colour of the conidia and reverse. In a few speciesa diffusing pigment is characteristic. For most species the sisolates should be inoculated on four media: CYA,MEA, CREA and YES (for formulations see page 3-4) at 25°C (37°C on CYA).Because of the difficulty to use morphological characters a dichomotomous key is here only provided to theSections and series, while the characters of the taxa in the individual series are described in the box keys.A more electronic key is provided at http://www.cbs.knaw.nl/penicillium.htm. The following data sheet can beused the collect colony and morphological characters of the isolates.Data sheet for identification of taxa of subgenus Penicillium.CYA – Incubation 7 days at 25°CColony diameter in mm: …………Colour obverse*blue green / dark green / dull green / grey green / olive green / yellow; puregreen / whiteColour reverse*pale / yellow / orange / red / beige-light brown / brown / dark brown;blackish greenEhrlich reactionno reaction / violet / red-brown / yellowCYA – Incubation 7 days at 30°CColony diameter in mm: …………MEA – Incubation 7 days at 25°CColony diameter in mm: …………Colony texture velvety / granulate / weak fasciculate / fasciculate / weakly floccose /floccoseColour colony obverse*blue green / dark green / dull green / grey green / olive green / yellow; puregreen / whitePrepare microscopic slideOne slide at the colony edge (for conidiophore) and one in the colony (forconidia)CREA – Incubation 7–10 (14) days at 25°C Colony diameter in mm: …………Degree of growthNo or very weak / Weak to moderate / Moderate / Moderate to good / goodAcid productionNone / Weak / Moderate / Good / HighBase production: after 7 daysAbsent / Presentafter 10-14 daysAbsent / PresentYES – Incubation 7 days at 25°CColony diameter in mm: …………Degree of sporulationNone / Weak / Moderate / StrongColour colony reverse*pale / yellow / orange / red / beige-light brown / brown / dark brown;blackish greenMicroscopic charactersConidia Length/width in µm………….µmOrnamentationSmooth / fine roughened / rough-walled / echinulatePhialide length in µm………….µmMetulae length in µm………….µmStipe width in µm………….µmOrnamentationSmooth / finely roughened / rough-walled / wartedConidiophore adpressednesStrongly adpressed / adpressed / neither adpressed nor divergent / divergent/ strongly divergentConidiophore branching pattern*Monoverticillate / biverticillate / terverticillate / quaterverticillate* More than one character is possible to enter into the database40