Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

J. C. FRISVAD &R.A.SAMSONP. dipodomyicola (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow)Frisvad, Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.:275, 2000In Penicillium subgenus Penicillium section Penicilliumseries UrticicolaeType: Herb. IMI 296935Culture ex type: CBS 173.87 = IBT 21521 = IMI 296935,ex external fur-lined cheek pouch of kangaroo rat (Dipodomysspectabilis), 6 km east of Portal, Arizona (T, Y)Diagnostic features: Griseofulvin, cyclopiazonic acid,patulin, broadly ellipsoidal smooth-walled conidia, shortphialides, dark brown reverse on CYA, dull green to darkgreen conidiaSimilar species: P. dipodomyicola has darker green conidiaand a darker brown reverse on CYA than P. griseofulvumDescription:Conidiophores: Divergent biverticillate to terverticillateConidia: smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoidal, 2.5-3.5 x 2.2-2.5 μmPhialides: Cylindrical tapering to a distinct collulum, 4.5-6.5 μm x 2.2-2.5 μmMetulae: Cylindrical, 7.5-10 μm x 3.5-4 μmRami: Cylindrical, 15-25 μm x 3.5-4 μmStipes: Smooth-walled, 400-500 μm x 3-4 μmSynnemata or fasciculation: Weakly fasciculateSclerotia: NoneColony texture: Velvety to weakly granularConidium colour on CYA: Dark (grey) green to dark greenExudate droplets on CYA: Often exudates droplets, clear toyellow to redReverse colour: Dark brownDiffusible colour: NoneEhrlich reaction: Strong, violetOdour and volatile metabolites: No dataExtrolites: 1) Patulin, 2) Griseofulvin, 3) CyclopiazonicacidGrowth on creatine: PoorAcid and base production on creatine: No acidGrowth on UNO: Very goodGrowth on nitrite: WeakAbiotic factors:Diam., 1 week, 25°C: CYA: 20-30 mm; MEA: 22-30 mm;YES: 32-45 mm; CREA: 14-18 mm; Cz: 14-18 mm, OAT:21-27 mm: CYAS: 24-28 mm; CzBS: 13-19 mm; CzP: 0mm; UNO: 12-16 mm; DG18: 24-26 mmDiam., 1 week: 15°C: 17-22 mm; 30°C: 17-21 mm; 37°C: 0mmCYA/CYAS: 1.1 [1.0-1.3]CYA15°C/CYA 25°C: 0.7 [0.6-0.8]CYA30°C/CYA 25°C: 0.7 [0.6-0.7]CZBS/CZ: 1.1 [1-1.1]CZP/CZ: 0Distribution: Deserts of Western USA, New South Wales,Australia, SlovakiaEcology and habitats: Mounds and cheek pouches ofkangaroo rats, on rice, in mixed chicken feed, and in soilunder sagebrushBiotechnological applications: NoneBiodeterioration & phytopathology: UnknownMycotoxicoses and mycotoxins: Found on rice once and inseeds from the desertTypical cultures: IBT 16571 = CBS 110421, ex soil undersagebrush, 16 km North of Rawlins, Wyoming, USA; IBT19341 = CBS 110422 = FRR 3866, ex rice from MurrumdidgeeIrrigation Area fumigated with phosphine, Sydney,N.S.W., Australia (identified as P. waksmanii); IBT 18044= CBS 110423, ex soil under sagebrush, Rock Springs,Wyoming; IBT 12706 = CBS 110424, ex kangaroo rat,Sevilletta National Wildlige Refuge, Socorro County, NewMexico, USA; IBT 10723 = CBS 110425 = NRRL A-27015, ex kangaroo rat, Arizona, USA; IBT 16314 = CBS110426, ex soil under sagebrush, 16 km North of Rawlins,Wyoming, USA; IBT 4182 = CBS 110427 = NRRL A-26936, ex kangaroo rat, Arizona, USA, IBT 4092 = IBT10613 = NRRL A-27016; IBT 26223, ex chicken feedmixture, Slovakia.94