Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

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J.C. FRISVAD &R.A.SAMSONSeries Italica - including P. digitatum from Digitata.Extrolites P. italicum P. ulaiense P. digitatumDeoxybrevianamide E + + -Italinic acid + - -Formylxanthocillin X + - -PI-3 + - -Tryptoquialanins - - +Ehrlich reaction - - -Biphenyl Resistant - + -Phenotypic charactersSynnemata Occasional Distinct NoneConidia Cylindrical to ellipsoidal Long cylindrical Large cylindricalConidium colour Greenish grey Greenish grey OliveReverse colour CYA Red brown Cream BeigeCYA, diam., 7 d., 25ºC 26-50 mm 13-26 mm 15-55 mmCYAS, diam., 7 d., 25ºC 3-17 mm 0(-13) mm 0 mmSeries Gladioli including P. sclerotigenum from Expansa:Extrolites P. gladioli P. sclerotigenumPatulin +/- +Atrovenetins + -Gladiolic acid + -Glyanthrypine + -Gregatins - +Sclerotigenin - +Grise<strong>of</strong>ulvin - +Roquefortine C - +Phenotypic charactersEhrlich reaction - -Sclerotia Avellaneous, pale brown Buff, avellaneous, orange brownConidia Subglobose EllipsoidalCYAS > CYA + -CYA, 7 d., diam., 30ºC 0 mm 16-29 mmSection Viridicata Series Viridicata, including P. verrucosum in VerrucosaExtrolites AG AC CY FR ME NE PO TR VI VEPenicillic acid + + + -/+ + + + - -/+ -Xanthomegnin - - + + +/- - - + + -Asteltoxin - - - - - - - + - -Cyclopenol etc. - + + + - + + - - -Verruc<strong>of</strong>ortine - + + - - - + + - -Penitrem A - - - - + - - - - -Terrestric acid + - - - - - - + - -Brevianamide A - - - - - - - - +/- -Viridamine - - - - - - - - + -Aurantiamine + - - + - + - - - -Auranthine + - - - - - - - - -Anacine + - - - - - + - - -Puberulonic acid - + - - - - - - - -Verrucosidin + - - - + - + - - -Ochratoxin A - - - - - - - - - +Citrinin - - - - - - - - - +/-Verruculone - - - - - - - - - +Verrucin - - - - - - - - - +Pseurotin + + + - - - + - - -46
POLYPHASIC TAXONOMY OF SUBGENUS PENICILLIUMOxaline - - - - + - - - - -Sclerotigenin - - - - + - - - - -Viridic acid - - - - - - - - + -Phenotypic charactersEhrlich reaction p + P+ p p + + - P+ -Reverse on YES y y Y y y y y br y RedbrownCREA: acid + + + + + + + + + -Growth on nitrite - - - - - - - - - +RT reaction + + + + - + + - + -Exudate + ++ + ++ (+) ++ + ++ + ++Conidium ornam. sm sm Sm sm Sm ro sm sm fr smStipe ornam. Ro/sm Ro/sm Ro/sm Ro/sm Ro/sm ro Ro/sm Ro!! ro Ro!Yellow green conidia - - + - + - - - + +Blue green conidia + + (+) + - + + - - -Grey green conidia - - - - - - - + - -Dark green conidia - - - - + - - - - -Good sporulation YES +/- - - - + - + + +/- -Habitat/substrateCereals + + + + + - + + + +Desert seeds - - - - - + - - + -Salami (+) - - - (+) - + - - +Indoor air - - - - - - + - - -AG: P. auarantiogriseum, AC: P. cyclopium II (formerly called P. aurantiocandidum or P. aurantiovirens), CY: P. cyclopium,FR: P. freii, ME: P. melanoconidium, NE: P. neoechinulatum, PO: P. polonicum, TR: P. tricolor, VI: P. viridicatum, VE: P.verrucosum, y: yellow, br: brown, sm: smooth, ro: rough, fr: finely roughened, p: pink reaction in Ehrlich test, P+: pink reactionand yellow and brown colours developing.Series CorymbiferaExtrolites hirsutum albocoremium allii hordei venetum radicicola tulipaeRoquefortine C + + + + + + +Penitrem A - - - - - - +Meleagrin - + + - +? + +Cyclopenol, cyclopenin etc. +/- + + - + + -Fulvic acid - - + - - - -Compactin + - - - - - -Hordein - - - + - - -Terrestric acid + - - + + + +Atrovenetins + + + + +Citrinin - - - - - + -Phenotypic characterEhrlich reaction + + p + - + +Conidium ornam. Smooth Smooth Smooth Rough Smooth Smooth SmoothConidium colour Green Greyish green Green Green Blue green GreyishgreenGreysihgreenMycelium colour Yellow White White Yellow White White WhiteReverse colour, CYA YellowDark YellowDeepbrownbrownorangeBrownishyellow tobrownishorangeSynnemata Yellow White feathery None Yellow,looseExudateDark Clear Dark Yellow?brownbrownHabitat/substrateFlower bulbs -/+? + - - +Onions, garlic +? +? + - -Vegetables -?? + ? - -Cereals - - - + -Agricultural soil +/-? + + + +P: pink reaction in Ehrlich testDarkyellowbrownNoneDarkbrownWhitefeatheryOrange tolightorangeWhitefeathery47
Page 2 and 3: J.C. FRISVAD &R.A.SAMSONcies is not
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Page 25 and 26: Ex type cultures of P. granulatum (
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Page 29 and 30: Two names, P. aurantiocandidum and
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Cruickshank RH (1983) Distinction b
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Smedsgaard J. (1997b) Terverticilla
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Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

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