Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

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J.C. FRISVAD &R.A.SAMSONBox keys to the individual series:Section Coronata - Series OlsoniiExtrolites P. brevicompactum P. olsonii P. bialowiezenseMycophenolic acid + - +Brevianamide A + - -Raistrick phenols + - +Pebrolides + - -Silvatin derivatives + +? -?Asperphenamate + + +Botryodiploidin +/- - -?Breviones - + +/-Verrucolone - + -2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo acetaldehyde- + -oximePhenotypic charactersEhrlich reaction - - wGrowth rate on CYA 8-30 mm 26-40 mm 11-25 mmGrowth rate on YES 14-36 mm 35-56 mm 18-30 mmReverse colour, YES Cream to beige Yellow, yellow/cream Cream to beigeConidium colour Dull green Greyish green Dull greenSclerotia - -/+ -Multiramulate -/(+) + -Plants, vegetables etc. + + +Ornamentals, green houses -/+ + -Mushrooms + - -Fruits (+) - +Section Roqueforti - Series RoquefortiExtrolites P. roqueforti P. carneum P. paneumRoquefortine C + + +Is<strong>of</strong>umigaclavine A & B + + -Marcfortines - - +PR-toxin & erem<strong>of</strong>ortines + - -Mycophenolic acid +/- + -Patulin - + +Penicillic acid - -/+ -Cyclopaldic acid - + -Penitrem A - + -Botryodiploidin - - +/-Geosmin - + -Phenotypic charactersEhrlich reaction +/++ +/++ -Blackish green reverse, CYA + - -Reverse colour, YES Blackish green Cream beige Cream yellow/beige#Growth rate on CYA 30ºC (0-)6-11 mm 4-11(-26) mm (10-)17-39 mmGrowth on CzP 12-25 mm 22-34 mm 5-34 mmSmall sclerotia -/(+) - -Habitat/substrateBlue cheese + - -Meat - + -Rye bread + (+) +Preserved foods + +? +Beverages + + -Mouldy bakers yeast + + -Silage + (+) +Soil + - -# Often turn to strawberry red in age, with colour diffusing into the medium42
POLYPHASIC TAXONOMY OF SUBGENUS PENICILLIUMSection Chrysogena Series Chrysogena – including P. atramentosum in series CamembertiExtrolites chrysogenum flavigenum dipodomyis nalgiovense nalgiovense II atramentosumPenicillin + + + weak + -Roquefortine C + + - - - +Meleagrin + + - - - +Oxaline - - - - - +Chrysogine + + - - + -Rugulovasine - - - - - +Nalgiovensin - - - + + -Nalzovins - - - - + -Dipodazin - - + - +/- -Xanthocillin X + + - - - -Secalonic acids +/- +/- - - - -Penitrem A - + - - - -Phenotypic characterEhrlich reaction - - - - - -Creatine, growth weak Weak weak weak Weak ++Creatine, acid -/+? ? - - - -Reverse, CYA Cream, beige, Yellow Creamish Dark red Yellowish Dark brownyellowbrown brownReverse, YES Yellow Yellow Orange to Orange Orange Dark brownorange yellow brownDark green conidia -/(+) - + - + +Blue green conidia + + - - - -Col. Diam. CYAExudate Yellow Yellow Clear Brown Clear BrownStipe on MEA Smooth Smooth / Finely rough Smooth Smooth SmoothroughConidia on MEA Smooth Smooth Smooth Smooth Smooth SmoothBranching Ter to quart Ter Ter to quar Bi to ter Ter to quarter TerConidial shape El/sg El/sg Sg Sg/g El/sg ElOdour Fruity Mouldy None None None CornHabitat/substrateOn cheese -/(+) - - + -/+ -/+On salami +/- - - - + -In desert soil + + + - -/(+) -In basic soil - - - - - +In other soil - - - - - +In indoor air + - - - - -?Bi = biverticillate; ter = terverticillate; quarter = quaterverticillate ; El = ellipsoid ; g = globose ; sg = subgloboseSeries Mononematosa Box key to species in MononematosaExtrolites P. mononematosum P. confertumCyclopaldic acid + -Fumitremorgins and verrucologen + -Isochromantoxin + -Viriditoxin + -Asteltoxin - +Meleagrin - +Phenotypic characterEhrlich reaction - -Diameter, 7 days, CYA 30ºC 26-33 mm 17-21 mmReverse colour, YES Yellow cream to curry Cream to brown yellow43
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Page 19 and 20: dipodomyis are mainly distinguished
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Smedsgaard J. (1997b) Terverticilla
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Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium A ... - CBS

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