Honeybee Production and Marketing Systems, Constraints - IPMS ...

Table 23: Indigenous knowledge of beekeepersDescriptionsReproductiveswarmingBee stingpreventionBee sting painminimizationBee colonystrengthenBee product aslocal medicineDiseaseinvestigationDisease controlAdulteratedhoneyHoneyharvestingseasonIncrease shelflife of honeyIndigenous knowledgeFumigation with bone of dead mule and horse, white ‘itan’, wheat bran and plantmaterials, spraying urine of mule, removal of queen cells, increase hive volume,rubbing with ‘kega’(Rosa abissiniac), ‘keseye (Lippia adoensis), ‘Zikakibe (Ocimumbasilicum), kebercho, and ‘Tosign’ (Lhymus schimperi)Protective materials, naked body, smear hand with honey, smoking and sprayingof milk and water, put cloth near hive for adaptation, and avoid smellingmaterials (perfume, lemon…), black clothRemoval of stinging apparatus, eating young brood, pollen and/or honey, drinking ofboiled water and honey mixture for vomiting, ointment with fresh soil, honey and butterSupplementary feeding (sugar, flour syrup, pepper and barley flour), uniting of colony,add brood comb, replacing the weak colony with strong queenStomachache when mix with coffee, inflammation, coughing, malaria, anthrax, tonsil,heart failed, source of energy, vomiting (as a mixture of honey and coffee) and cattlediseasesVisual observation: decrease of colony, mass death of honeybees, unusual buzz of bees,bad smell of brood, disability of flyingCleaning of apiary and hives, no entering into apiary from June to September,transferring the diseased colony to new hives, removal and burning of old brood anddiseased colony, fumigation of ‘white itan’ (gum of Boswellia papyrifera)Incomplete burning of honey when heated, unusual color, bad aroma and test, notgranulatedObservation (honey aroma, cluster of bees outside the hive, opening of the hive),decline of foraging activities, ventilation of the hive by bees, knocking the hives, deathof dronesUsing plastic bucket, plastic sack, gourd, and glass materials69