Thesis document - Jana Milosovicova - Urban Design English

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Suggestions for adjustment and complementation of the existingurban design proposalThe CSUD recommendations for Heidestrasse/Europacity reflect thefindings in the Thesis and the strategies used in the design of the builtprojects (section 3.3, appendices 5-7). The purpose is to point out allpossible urban design means for the UHI mitigation at the local level,making detailed design suggestions reaching beyond the level of generalmasterplanning.Following suggestions amend and complement the existing urban designproposal (figures “P” refer to the images in the posters):Action category ‘Urban form – density/compactness and geometry’To provide the most suitable built form conditions for sensible heatload reduction and ventilation, follow the design suggestions below.Remember that the particular use of buildings is not important, onlythe volumes, geometry and orientation of urban blocks and buildings.• Keep the average urban density below FAR 3.5 and the populationdensity below 250 dwellers/ha.• Pursue the streets’ height to width (H/W) ratio of about 1and higher, in an orientation parallel to slightly oblique to theEast-West direction to provide balanced shading/sun conditionsof the streetscape (fig. 83/P5).• As in the existing urban design concept, pursue six storey averagebuilding height 51 and corresponding street profile of 19 m width(the “European City” compact typology) that allows sufficientshading by buildings as well as ventilation.Fig. 83/P5 The urban geometry and density ofthe original proposal correlates with the CSUDrecommendations.• Adjust the design and orientation of the buildings in thesouthern part of the development to take the highest advantageof winds and to conform to the irradiation conditions (fig. P17).51 By designing low ceilings, a six-storey building will thus be about 20 m high. Inthe proposed CSUD concept however, the heights of the buildings is not the samebut varies; as previously mentioned, an “average height” allows, and in mostcases even demands, alteration within the development (See 3.2).3 Climate Sensitive Urban Design (CSUD) in moderate climate zone53
Action category ‘Ventilation’Ventilation is a decisive factor in air exchange and thus in balancingurban temperatures by transporting cool air into the heaten-up partsof settlements. To provide sufficient ventilation of the Heidestrasse developmentand so work against the heat loads inside of it, follow thesedesign rules:Fig. 84/P20 Air-permeable building blocks• Take advantage of the existing railway and river ventilationchannels by creating permeable eastern and western edges ofthe development, by loose buildings (particularly in the westernpart) and by lower building heights that support the “sheltereffect” (at the Eastern edge of the development) (fig. P6, P18).• Create higher buildings’ line and situate scattered higherbuildings along the Heidestrasse to create local turbulent ventilationconditions, and to avoid dispersing of pollution loads insidethe development.• Allow efficient local air circulation by wind penetration via openingsin urban blocks for courtyard ventilation – as air-permeable buildings(fig. P19, 84/P20) or loose building blocks (fig. 85/P21).Fig. 85/P21 Loose urban blocks• Build architecture on stilts to improve the local air circulation(fig. 65, 73, P22-24)• Disclose the water channel to bring more efficient temperaturereduction and humidity increase from the river (of up to 300 m)(fig. P29-30, 86/P31)• Involve flat roofs (fig. P18, P26-27), as they provide better ventilationat the street level. Flat roofs can easily be vegetated andadditionally provided with photovoltaic devices.• Vary building heights (fig. P25a) and carefully situate a fewhighrise buildings to improve the air turbulence and thus ventilationof the near-ground street level (fig. P25b).• Set-back the high-rise towers (fig. 38a).Fig. 86/P31 View of the proposed water channel(towards the North). The concept is todesign new channel with gradually ascendingslope to enable an efficient penetration of thecooling air into the settlement.Action category ‘Solar radiation’The way the solar radiation that reaches the urban area is transformeddetermines the extent of the heat island and the impact of the heatwaves. To prevent the transformation into sensible (thermal) heat,pursue the following rules:• Involve evaporative cooling through vegetation and waterbodies by any means possible (see Poster 5);• Shade open spaces by trees or vegetated pergolas (fig. 87/P17)and by (preferably vegetated) buildings’ overhangs (fig. P10).Fig. 87 Trees shading over Lenauplatz in Cologne,Germany. (Heribert Rösgen)• Rise the albedo of the development by using high-reflective, lightcolouredbuilding and paving materials. This, however, must beunderstood only as a measure of secondary priority, complementingthe transformation of solar energy into latent heat by plants andwater at spots where greening and design involving water is notpossible, such as road surfaces.54Climate Sensitive Urban Design in Moderate Climate Zone: Responding to Future Heat Waves. Case Study Berlin Heidestrasse/Europacity
Page 1 and 2:
Master’s Thesis in Urban Design:C
Page 3 and 4: ContentsAcknowledgements 5Abstract
Page 5 and 6: 4Climate Sensitive Urban Design in
Page 7 and 8: Abstract Deutsch/GermanAusgehend vo
Page 9 and 10: 8Climate Sensitive Urban Design in
Page 11 and 12: ing population 5 ) - more than a ha
Page 13 and 14: as the immense climatic effects of
Page 15 and 16: • Urban geometry: Tall buildings
Page 17 and 18: -°CFig. 11 Photographs of thin veg
Page 19 and 20: Fig. 14 Photograph of the square an
Page 21 and 22: the values of water balance of vari
Page 23 and 24: size, lower than in cities of North
Page 25 and 26: wave radiation towards the sky. In
Page 27 and 28: Impact of the street orientation on
Page 29 and 30: Emergingof fresh andcold air100-200
Page 31 and 32: a. b.On the other hand, a concave w
Page 33 and 34: a.b.-°C-°C50-300 m-°CNot only te
Page 35 and 36: 2.5 Literature review: Lessons lear
Page 37 and 38: 3 Climate-Sensitive Urban Design(CS
Page 39 and 40: ought in the section 3.4, are mainl
Page 41 and 42: 3.2 Proposed CSUD GuidelinesThe set
Page 43 and 44: effect of a water body reaches into
Page 45 and 46: the street);c. Option b) + some of
Page 47 and 48: • Reduce quantity of lanes, where
Page 49 and 50: 3.3 Examples of CSUD in built urban
Page 51 and 52: 3.4 Climate-Sensitive Urban Design
Page 53: a.The proposal features a number of
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 91/P18 West-East (W-E) Section
Page 59 and 60: 4 ConclusionsBased on the need to a
Page 61 and 62: Complementing recommendations regar
Page 63 and 64: GlossaryAdiabatic coolingAlbedoAmbi
Page 65 and 66: Mitigation “Measures taken to red
Page 67 and 68: SourcesBibliographyAgenda 21, onlin
Page 69 and 70: Matzarakis, A. (2001): “Die therm
Page 71 and 72: The Physical Environment, online:
Page 73 and 74: Fig. 25 The ‘sky view factor’ .
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 93Fig. 94Proposed street and c
Page 77 and 78: Appendices76Climate Sensitive Urban
Page 79 and 80: Type of landuseDirect impact and ef
Page 81 and 82: Appendix 2 City of Toronto’s Stud
Page 83 and 84: (BAF - Biotope Area Factor continue
Page 85 and 86: The building of the Institute of Ph
Page 87 and 88: Castello development, seen from Lan
Page 89 and 90: Bo01 seen from the 56th floor of th
Page 91 and 92: (Bo01, Malmöcontinued)Water is the
Page 93 and 94: Appendix 9 Posters Climate-Sensitiv
show all

Thesis document - Jana Milosovicova - Urban Design English

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?