Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011 - Environmental and Energy ...

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APPENDIX D197Country Specialists DirectoryMinerals information country specialists at the U.S. Geological Survey collect and analyze information on the mineralindustries of more than 170 nations throughout the world. The specialists are available to answer minerals-relatedquestions concerning individual countries.Africa and the Middle EastAlgeriaMowafa TaibAngolaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoBahrainMowafa TaibBeninOmayra Bermúdez-LugoBotswanaHarold R. NewmanBurkina FasoOmayra Bermúdez-LugoBurundiThomas R. YagerCameroonHarold R. NewmanCape VerdeHarold R. NewmanCentral African Republic Omayra Bermúdez-LugoChadPhilip M. MobbsComorosHarold R. NewmanCongo (Brazzaville) Philip M. MobbsCongo (Kinshasa)Thomas R. YagerCôte d’IvoireOmayra Bermúdez-LugoDjiboutiThomas R. YagerEgyptMowafa TaibEquatorial GuineaPhilip M. MobbsEritreaHarold R. NewmanEthiopiaThomas R. YagerGabonOmayra Bermúdez-LugoThe GambiaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoGhanaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoGuineaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoGuinea-BissauOmayra Bermúdez-LugoIranPhilip M. MobbsIraqMowafa TaibIsraelThomas R. YagerJordanMowafa TaibKenyaThomas R. YagerKuwaitPhilip M. MobbsLebanonMowafa TaibLesothoHarold R. NewmanLiberiaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoLibyaMowafa TaibMadagascarThomas R. YagerMalawiThomas R. YagerMaliOmayra Bermúdez-LugoMauritaniaMowafa TaibMauritiusHarold R. NewmanMorocco & Western Sahara Harold R. NewmanMozambiqueThomas R. YagerNamibiaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoNigerOmayra Bermúdez-LugoNigeriaPhilip M. MobbsOmanMowafa TaibQatarMowafa TaibReunionHarold R. NewmanRwandaThomas R. YagerSão Tomé & Principe Omayra Bermúdez-LugoSaudi ArabiaPhilip M. MobbsSenegalOmayra Bermúdez-LugoSeychellesHarold R. NewmanSierra LeoneOmayra Bermúdez-LugoSomaliaThomas R. YagerSouth AfricaThomas R. YagerSudanThomas R. YagerSwazilandHarold R. NewmanSyriaMowafa TaibTanzaniaThomas R. YagerTogoOmayra Bermúdez-LugoTunisiaMowafa TaibTurkeyPhilip M. MobbsUgandaHarold R. NewmanUnited Arab Emirates Mowafa TaibYemenMowafa TaibZambiaPhilip M. MobbsZimbabwePhilip M. MobbsAsia and the PacificAfghanistanChin S. KuoAustraliaPui-Kwan TseBangladeshYolanda Fong-SamBhutanLin ShiBruneiPui-Kwan TseBurma (Myanmar)Yolanda Fong-SamCambodiaYolanda Fong-SamChinaPui-Kwan TseEast TimorPui-Kwan TseFijiLin ShiIndiaChin S. KuoIndonesiaChin S. KuoJapanChin S. KuoKorea, NorthLin ShiKorea, Republic ofLin ShiLaosYolanda Fong-SamMalaysiaPui-Kwan TseMongoliaSusan G. WacasterNauruPui-Kwan TseNepalLin ShiNew CaledoniaSusan G. WacasterNew ZealandPui-Kwan TsePakistanChin S. KuoPapua New Guinea Susan G. WacasterPhilippinesYolanda Fong-SamSingaporePui-Kwan TseSolomon IslandsChin S. KuoSri LankaChin S. KuoTaiwanPui-Kwan TseThailandLin ShiTongaChin S. KuoVanuatuChin S. KuoVietnamYolanda Fong-SamEurope and Central EurasiaAlbaniaMark BrininstoolArmenia 1Richard M. LevineAustria 2Steven T. AndersonAzerbaijan 1Richard M. LevineBelarus 1Richard M. Levine
198Europe and Central Eurasia—continuedBelgium 2Bosnia and HerzegovinaBulgaria 2CroatiaCyprus 2Czech Republic 2Denmark, Faroe Islands,and Greenland 2Estonia 2Finland 2France 2GeorgiaGermany 2Greece 2Hungary 2IcelandIreland 2Italy 2Kazakhstan 1Kyrgyzstan 1Latvia 2Lithuania 2Luxembourg 2MacedoniaMalta 2Moldova 1MontenegroNetherlands 2NorwayPoland 2Portugal 2Romania 2Russia 1SerbiaSlovakia 2Slovenia 2Spain 2Sweden 2SwitzerlandTajikistan 1Alberto A. PerezMark BrininstoolMark BrininstoolMark BrininstoolHarold R. NewmanMark BrininstoolHarold R. NewmanRichard M. LevineHarold R. NewmanAlberto A. PerezRichard M. LevineSteven T. AndersonHarold R. NewmanMark BrininstoolHarold R. NewmanAlberto A. PerezAlberto A. PerezRichard M. LevineRichard M. LevineRichard M. LevineRichard M. LevineAlberto A. PerezMark BrininstoolHarold R. NewmanRichard M. LevineMark BrininstoolAlberto A. PerezHarold R. NewmanMark BrininstoolAlfredo C. GurmendiMark BrininstoolRichard M. LevineMark BrininstoolMark BrininstoolMark BrininstoolAlfredo C. GurmendiHarold R. NewmanHarold R. NewmanRichard M. LevineTurkmenistan 1Richard M. LevineUkraine 1Mark BrininstoolUnited Kingdom 2Alberto A. PerezUzbekistan 1Richard M. LevineNorth America, Central America, and the CaribbeanBelizeSusan G. WacasterCanadaPhilip M. MobbsCosta RicaSusan G. WacasterCubaOmayra Bermúdez-LugoDominican Republic Susan G. WacasterEl SalvadorSusan G. WacasterGuatemalaSteven T. AndersonHaitiSusan G. WacasterHondurasSusan G. WacasterJamaicaSusan G. WacasterMexicoAlberto A. PerezNicaraguaSusan G. WacasterPanamaSusan G. WacasterTrinidad and Tobago Susan G. WacasterSouth AmericaArgentinaSusan G. WacasterBoliviaSteven T. AndersonBrazilAlfredo C. GurmendiChileSteven T. AndersonColombiaSusan G. WacasterEcuadorSusan G. WacasterFrench GuianaAlfredo C. GurmendiGuyanaAlfredo C. GurmendiParaguayAlfredo C. GurmendiPeruAlfredo C. GurmendiSurinameAlfredo C. GurmendiUruguayAlfredo C. GurmendiVenezuelaAlfredo C. Gurmendi1 Member of Commonwealth of Independent States.2 Member of European Union.Country specialist Telephone E-mailSteven T. Anderson (703) 648-7744 sanderson@usgs.govOmayra Bermúdez-Lugo (703) 648-4946 obermude@usgs.govMark Brininstool (703) 648-7798 mbrininstool@usgs.govYolanda Fong-Sam (703) 648-7756 yfong-sam@usgs.govAlfredo C. Gurmendi (703) 648-7745 agurmend@usgs.govChin S. Kuo (703) 648-7748 ckuo@usgs.govRichard M. Levine (703) 648-7741 rlevine@usgs.govPhilip M. Mobbs (703) 648-7740 pmobbs@usgs.govHarold R. Newman (703) 648-7742 hnewman@usgs.govAlberto A. Perez (703) 648-7749 aperez@usgs.govLin Shi (703) 648-7994 lshi@usgs.govMowafa Taib (703) 648-4986 mtaib@usgs.govPui-Kwan Tse (703) 648-7750 ptse@usgs.govSusan G. Wacaster (703) 648-7785 swacaster@usgs.govThomas R. Yager (703) 648-7739 tyager@usgs.gov
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U.S. Department of the InteriorKEN
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INTRODUCTION3Each chapter of the 20
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5NET EXPORTS OF MINERALRAW MATERIAL
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SIGNIFICANT EVENTS, TRENDS, AND ISS
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mineral materials valued at $1.30 b
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11MAJOR METAL-PRODUCING AREASAuB2P1
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13MAJOR INDUSTRIAL MINERAL-PRODUCIN
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ABRASIVES (MANUFACTURED)15Events, T
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ALUMINUM17The United States continu
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ANTIMONY19Events, Trends, and Issue
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ARSENIC21According to university me
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ASBESTOS23Events, Trends, and Issue
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BARITE25Nationally, the rig count o
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BAUXITE AND ALUMINA27Events, Trends
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BERYLLIUM29Events, Trends, and Issu
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BISMUTH31Events, Trends, and Issues
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BORON33Events, Trends, and Issues:
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BROMINE35Events, Trends, and Issues
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CADMIUM37NiCd battery use in consum
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CEMENT39The manufacture of clinker
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CESIUM41Events, Trends, and Issues:
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CHROMIUM43Stockpile Status—9-30-1
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CLAYS45Tariff: Item Number Normal T
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COBALT47Events, Trends, and Issues:
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COPPER49Events, Trends, and Issues:
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DIAMOND (INDUSTRIAL)51Events, Trend
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DIATOMITE53Events, Trends, and Issu
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FELDSPAR55Feldspar use in tile and
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FLUORSPAR57with planned output of 1
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GALLIUM59In response to the unprece
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GARNET (INDUSTRIAL)61Events, Trends
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GEMSTONES63Events, Trends, and Issu
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GERMANIUM65Events, Trends, and Issu
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GOLD67With the increase in price of
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GRAPHITE (NATURAL)69Events, Trends,
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GYPSUM71Through 2010, more than 3,6
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HELIUM73Events, Trends, and Issues:
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INDIUM75China’s 21 indium produce
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IODINE77Events, Trends, and Issues:
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IRON AND STEEL79Events, Trends, and
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IRON AND STEEL SCRAP81Tariff: Item
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IRON AND STEEL SLAG83Events, Trends
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IRON ORE85In 2009, China imported a
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IRON OXIDE PIGMENTS87Events, Trends
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KYANITE AND RELATED MATERIALS89Even
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LEAD91caused by underground fires a
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LIME93The lime industry is facing p
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LITHIUM95market, and a facility at
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MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS97In Australia,
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MAGNESIUM METAL99U.S. magnesium con
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MANGANESE101Government Stockpile:St
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MERCURY103Events, Trends, and Issue
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MICA (NATURAL)105Depletion Allowanc
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MOLYBDENUM107Events, Trends, and Is
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NICKEL109Nickel prices were adverse
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NIOBIUM (COLUMBIUM)111Events, Trend
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NITROGEN (FIXED)—AMMONIA113Accord
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PEAT115Events, Trends, and Issues:
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PERLITE117Events, Trends, and Issue
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PHOSPHATE ROCK119Events, Trends, an
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PLATINUM-GROUP METALS121Events, Tre
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POTASH123Events, Trends, and Issues
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PUMICE AND PUMICITE125Events, Trend
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QUARTZ CRYSTAL (INDUSTRIAL)127Event
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RARE EARTHS129Events, Trends, and I
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RHENIUM131Events, Trends, and Issue
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RUBIDIUM133Events, Trends, and Issu
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SALT135Many chefs have advocated us
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SAND AND GRAVEL (CONSTRUCTION)137Ev
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SAND AND GRAVEL (INDUSTRIAL)139The
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SCANDIUM141Scandium’s use in meta
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SELENIUM143Events, Trends, and Issu
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SILICON145Events, Trends, and Issue
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Page 156 and 157: STONE (CRUSHED)153Events, Trends, a
Page 158 and 159: STONE (DIMENSION)155Events, Trends,
Page 160 and 161: STRONTIUM157Events, Trends, and Iss
Page 162 and 163: SULFUR159World sulfur production in
Page 164 and 165: TALC AND PYROPHYLLITE161Events, Tre
Page 166 and 167: TANTALUM163Events, Trends, and Issu
Page 168 and 169: TELLURIUM165Events, Trends, and Iss
Page 170: THALLIUM167Beginning in 2009, there
Page 173 and 174: 170TIN(Data in metric tons of tin c
Page 175 and 176: 172TITANIUM AND TITANIUM DIOXIDE 1(
Page 177 and 178: 174TITANIUM MINERAL CONCENTRATES 1(
Page 179 and 180: 176TUNGSTEN(Data in metric tons of
Page 181 and 182: 178VANADIUM(Data in metric tons of
Page 183 and 184: 180VERMICULITE(Data in thousand met
Page 185 and 186: 182WOLLASTONITE(Data in metric tons
Page 187 and 188: 184YTTRIUM 1(Data in metric tons of
Page 189 and 190: 186ZEOLITES (NATURAL)(Data in metri
Page 191 and 192: 188ZINC(Data in thousand metric ton
Page 193 and 194: 190ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM(Data in me
Page 195 and 196: 192APPENDIX AAbbreviations and Unit
Page 197 and 198: 194Demonstrated.—A term for the s
Page 199: 196Part B—Sources of Reserves Dat
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