Offshore Electricity Infrastructure in Europe - European Wind Energy ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

FIGURE 2.3: OFFShORE ANd ONShORE WINd FARMS INSTAllATIONS IN NORThERN EUROPE IN 2020 ANd 2030, OFFShOREGRId PROjEcT ScENARIOS OffshoreGrid Scenario 2020 per country respectively per marine area 6 . Concrete figures and more explanation on the development of these scenarios can be found in Annex A.I and in Deliverable 3.2.b, available online [25]. The most important players in the offshore wind energy market in the medium term scenario will be the UK and Germany. This leading group is followed by France, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium and the Netherlands. Total installed capacity in Northern Europe is expected to be approximately 42 GW in 2020 and 126 GW in 2030. In the first phase, the major development of offshore wind capacity is expected to take place in the North Sea (Figure 2.2). An accelerated development of offshore wind farms in the Baltic Sea is expected to start after 2020. In 2020, the majority of wind energy installed capacity will still be onshore in most Northern European countries, except for the UK. In 2030, more than 40% of total installed wind energy capacity in Northern Europe is estimated to be offshore. In the UK, Belgium, Netherlands, Baltic States and Scandinavian countries, most of the wind energy would then operate offshore. 6 See Annex A.II for main assumptions regarding the scenario development. OffshoreGrid – Final Report OffshoreGrid Scenario 2030 Offshore wind electricity generation The 126 GW of installed capacity installed in 2030 will produce 530 TWh of electricity annually. This is more than the overall annual electricity consumption of Germany (509 TWh in 2010). Over the life time of 25 years the offshore electricity generation amounts to 13,300 TWh. 2.2 Generation capacity and commodity price scenarios Offshore wind energy interacts strongly with the entire electric power system. Therefore, regional power markets have been analysed in order to elaborate the necessary input data for project modelling, such as: • electricity capacity scenarios for countries and regions regarded in the model, • electricity demand, • fuel price scenarios and CO 2 price scenarios. Electricity generation capacity One important input factor for the market and grid model is the installed electricity generation capacity and its future development. For this purpose, different 23
Key Assumptions and Scenarios FIGURE 2.4: ERGEG MARkET REGIONS ■ Northern ■ UK & Ireland ■ Central East ■ Central West ■ Baltic ■ South West ■ Central South national and transnational studies have been analysed and compared (e.g. [30][33]). The analysis of scenarios for electricity generation capacity includes information on the scenario years 2007/2008 as well as 2010, 2020, and 2030 for each of the 35 countries examined. As a result, a consistent data set for each country has been developed. In order to give an overview of the installed generation capacity within the ERGEG market regions, the country data were transformed into regional data for the seven regional electricity markets (Figure 2.4) 7 . Figure 2.5 shows the developed electricity generation scenario. The OffshoreGrid study is based on a nuclear phaseout for Germany and is therefore in line with current political decisions 8 . Electricity demand For the OffshoreGrid scenario on electricity demand, the Primes 2009 Baseline scenario [33] is taken, completed with data from several national sources for the countries outside the EU. According to this source, FIGURE 2.5: dEvElOPEd ElEcTRIcITY GENERATION cAPAcITY ScENARIO FOR ThE ERGEG REGIONS (GW) Generation capacity (GW) 500 400 300 200 100 0 2010 2020 Central- West 2030 2010 2020 2030 Northern UK & Ireland Classi�cation unclear RES (other than hydro) 2010 2020 2030 Central- South Fossil fuel Nuclear power Central- Baltic East Hydropower (large scale + pump storage) 7 For more information about the ERGEG market regions see www.energy-regulators.eu. 8 The OffshoreGrid study is based on a nuclear phase-out for Germany according to the respective legislative act of 14 June 2000. The recent political decision requires the definite shut down of all nuclear units by 2022, somewhat earlier than previously decided. However, since OffshoreGrid only looks at the system in the years 2020 and 2030, this has no impact on the results, and it can be considered to be in line with the current political decisions. 2010 24 OffshoreGrid – Final Report 2020 2030 2010 2020 South- West 2030 2010 2020 2030 2010 2020 2030
Page 1 and 2: OffshoreGrid: Offshore Electricity
Page 3 and 4: PRINcIPAl AUThORS: Jan De Decker, P
Page 5 and 6: Table of contents FOREWORd 6 EXEcUT
Page 7 and 8: FOREWORD The OffshoreGrid project i
Page 9 and 10: Executive Summary I. The OffshoreGr
Page 11 and 12: Executive Summary and TYNDP interco
Page 13 and 14: Executive Summary One of the keys t
Page 15 and 16: Executive Summary Splitting wind fa
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary 16 OffshoreGrid -
Page 19 and 20: introduction 1.1 Context and backgr
Page 21 and 22: introduction TAblE 1.1: STAkEhOldER
Page 23: Key Assumptions and Scenarios In th
Page 27 and 28: Key Assumptions and Scenarios Curre
Page 29 and 30: Methodology - Simulation inputs and
Page 31 and 32: Methodology - Simulation inputs and
Page 33 and 34: esults This chapter explains and su
Page 35 and 36: esults (figure to the right) in Nor
Page 37 and 38: esults 4.2.1 Hubs and individual co
Page 39 and 40: esults The Baltic Sea is still a ra
Page 41 and 42: esults connections to shore where t
Page 43 and 44: esults 4.2.4 Conclusion and discuss
Page 45 and 46: esults and NordSee Ost Group into t
Page 47 and 48: esults 1986 (the Cross Channel link
Page 49 and 50: esults UK-Germany connection are re
Page 51 and 52: esults tee-in solution becomes pref
Page 53 and 54: esults • Large wind farms (capaci
Page 55 and 56: esults • Very large wind farm hub
Page 57 and 58: esults • A three-leg interconnect
Page 59 and 60: esults 4.5 Overall grid design 4.5.
Page 61 and 62: esults connectors that were benefic
Page 63 and 64: esults connections were tested in m
Page 65 and 66: esults existing HVDC converters at
Page 67 and 68: esults direct and integrated) ident
Page 69 and 70: esults configuration were rated dif
Page 71 and 72: esults FIGURE 4.31: cOMPARISON OF c
Page 73 and 74: esults farm connections, the reduct
Page 75 and 76:
esults Overall design comparison Fi
Page 77 and 78:
esults • Costs and benefits of th
Page 79 and 80:
esults • There are other connecti
Page 81 and 82:
esults These merits also hold for t
Page 83 and 84:
Towards an Offshore Grid - Further
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
conclusions and recommendations The
Page 93 and 94:
conclusions and recommendations •
Page 95 and 96:
conclusions and recommendations •
Page 97 and 98:
conclusions and recommendations 6.5
Page 99 and 100:
conclusions and recommendations 98
Page 101 and 102:
Acknowledgements and Funding The Of
Page 103 and 104:
eferences [1] Weather Research and
Page 105 and 106:
eferences [47] Observatoire Médite
Page 107 and 108:
Annex A - Scenario details A.I Offs
Page 109 and 110:
Annex A - Scenario details A.II Pri
Page 111 and 112:
Annex A - Scenario details 2008 sce
Page 113 and 114:
Annex A - Scenario details Due to t
Page 115 and 116:
Annex B -technology Assumptions B.I
Page 117 and 118:
Annex B -technology Assumptions tab
Page 119 and 120:
Annex c - details on Methodology an
Page 121 and 122:
Annex c - details on the Methodolog
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Annex d - details of results D.I Wi
Page 131 and 132:
Annex d - details of results FiGuRe
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Annex d - details of results infras
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Annex d - details of results table
Page 141 and 142:
Annex d - details of results table
Page 143 and 144:
Annexes coal and gas, there is a de
Page 145 and 146:
Annex e - regulatory Frameworks and
Page 147 and 148:
Annex F - transfer to the Mediterra
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
show all

Offshore Electricity Infrastructure in Europe - European Wind Energy ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?