Americas Defense Meltdown - IT Acquisition Advisory Council

Col. Robert Dilger & Pierre M. Sprey • 139was a bloody massacre. The RAF Bomber Command had decisively lost their waragainst the German night fighters.Fortunately, for the RAF bomber crews, Operation Overlord, the D-Day invasion,took priority after March 30, 1944, despite Sir Harris’ strong objections to any diversionof force from city-busting. Bomber losses dropped instantly. Professor Murraywrapped it up well, noting that “...the Battle of Berlin was a mistake – one in whichHarris came close to wrecking his command ... and as [Air Vice Marshal] Bennettnoted, the battle, ‘had been the worst thing that could have happened to the RAFBomber Command’.” 38The British “strategic” city-bombing campaigns of 1942-1945 were just as ineffectiveas the Luftwaffe’s bombardment of English cities. In four years of bombingGerman cities, RAF bomber command suffered over 70,000 aircrew casualties whileGerman military production soared. British strategic bombardment achieved noneof its objectives, and it came at a crippling cost.The U.S. Army Air Force: World War IIPreliminary operationsUnfortunately for the Allies, Gen. Erwin Rommel, the infamous “Desert Fox,” hadbeen creating havoc in North Africa since 1941. In response, American troops weresent there in large numbers. Their first significant battle against the Germans wasat Kasserine Pass, in February 1943. It was one of the worst U.S. Army defeats in itshistory. While the U.S. Army Air Force outnumbered the Luftwaffe in North Africaby a 3-1 ratio, it was unable to provide the Army any useful help. General of the AirForce Henry H. “Hap” Arnold, a Douhet advocate, summarized his faction’s viewof the issue; “Torch [the code name for Allied invasion of Northwest Africa] offeredabout as poor an air deal as could have been dreamed up. Practically every one of ourprinciples for the use of air power ... had to be violated.” He further explained to Gen.Carl Andrew “Tooey” Spaatz the basic problem as he saw it, “The development of thewar is just about the worst case scenario as far as our air plans are concerned.” 39In actual fact, North Africa armored warfare was an ideal setting for air power.American air power was presented with an enticing tactical target turkey shoot. Germanarmor was out in the open and on the move, perfectly delineated against a barrendesert background. Only the fanatical belief in strategic bombardment blinded theArmy Air Force generals to this obvious close-support opportunity.Despite the terrible performance of U.S. air power, Rommel’s army surrenderedon May 10, 1943. His army was not so much defeated as it ran out of armor, fuel andammo. The origins of this achievement can be traced back to 21 RAF Swordfish torpedobiplanes that successfully destroyed four Italian battleships protecting the Axis’Mediterranean sea lanes. It was the beginning of an intensive Allied naval interdictioncampaign that strangled Rommel’s army.