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THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. decoration so peculiar to Asiatics. Their military attire exhibited a profusion of ornament which the treasures of the East could alone have supplied, and this naturally attracted the admiration and excited the emulation and imitation of their adversaries. For the Christian soldiers were encouraged to deeds of valour by being permitted to assume whatever device their fancies might dictate as the memento of a gallant exploit, and specially some portion of the accoutrements or arms of a vanquished enemy; and hence arose a multitude of charges hitherto unknown in Heraldry, such as : escallop shells, bezants (gold coins of Byzantium), water-bougets (leathern vessels for carrying water), Palmers' staves, passion nails, Saracens' heads, crescents, scimitars, &c. But the cross, being the object of the greatest veneration, was naturally more in favour as a device than any other, and numberless modifications of its form were devised for this purpose. On the final return of the warriors to their homes, the unsettled state of their countries not only did not suffer their military ardour to cool
INTRODUCTION. 39 down, but seemed to demand for many generations the consolidation of those principles and the elaboration of those theories of which the rudiments had been founded in the East. In England, during the reigns of Edward I. and Edward II., there were incessant demands for men to fight against the French and the Scotch; and then, from the reign of Edward III. to that of Henry VII., a period of more than 150 years, viz., from 1377 to 1485, were waged the Wars of the Roses, that unhappy, cruel internecine strife which caused the death of innumerable Englishmen embittered them against each other into acts so savage and ruthless that they seem almost incredible, and rendered the condition of the country so unsettled from the constant change of government swaying from one family to another, that any stable, central authority was impossible ; and it seems almost providential that such a system as chivalry should have been established, which, expressed by Heraldry, appealed to the higher instincts of honour and courage and magnanimity, and therefore held those who differed diametrically on other matters bound to a certain code of laws, and subservient to certain mutually recognised principles, without which the deeds of those days, cruel as they were, would have been far surpassed in ferocity and brutality. And thus, Heraldry having become popularly adopted, was in due course established, as matters became more settled, as a recognised department of the national government. Of the practice of the Curia Militaris (or Court of the Earl Marshal) in the early centuries, no satisfactory documents have reached us, though it may be presumed, says Dallaway, that precedents of it were followed as scrupulously as the memory of man or oral traditions could warrant. It was usually held within the verge of the royal Court by the High Constable and Earl Marshal, who called to their assistance as many of their peers as they thought expedient, and the processes were conducted by the Heralds, Doctors of Civil Laws (who were assessors by commission), and their inferior officers. Appeals were sometimes made to the Court of Queen's Bench. On January loth, 1386 (gih Richard this II.), duty was restricted to the Earl Marshal alone ; and Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham, was invested with authority to preside as Earl Marshal in the Court of Chivalry. The Earl Marshal is the highest great officer of State ; and until the office was made hereditary by Charles II. to Henry Lord Howard, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, it always passed from the King, and was To him was given the privilege to bear never held by tenure or serjeanty. in his hand a gold truncheon enamelled with black at each end, having at the upper end of it the King's arms engraven thereon, and at the lower end his own arms. This Court still is the fountain of the Marshal law, and grants coats armorial and supporters to the same to such as are duly
Page 1: HE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER BY THE
Page 5: Cbe Tberalfcrv of lj)orfc fllMnster
Page 9 and 10: THE HERALDRY OF /HMneter: A KEY TO
Page 11 and 12: TO H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT VICTOR OF W
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Page 16 and 17: viii. PREFACE. with which this volu
Page 18 and 19: X. TABLE OF CONTENTS. THE FESS 2 47
Page 20 and 21: xii. LIST OF COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS
Page 23 and 24: THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. INTRO
Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION. The arms of Willoughb
Page 27 and 28: INTRODUCTION. 25 " rude and stormy
Page 29 and 30: Tennyson INTRODUCTION. 27 one of En
Page 31 and 32: INTRODUCTION. 29 inanimate, which w
Page 33 and 34: INTRODUCTION. 31 engraved on an ena
Page 35 and 36: INTRODUCTION. 33 1317. nth of Ed. I
Page 37 and 38: INTRODUCTION. 35 " the horns of gia
Page 39: INTRODUCTION. 37 " Loose in the win
Page 43 and 44: INTRODUCTION. 4 ! chapter of the co
Page 45 and 46: INTRODUCTION. 43 " who saluted me g
Page 47 and 48: INTRODUCTION. 45 " To him that disc
Page 49 and 50: INTRODUCTION. 47 That it had become
Page 51 and 52: INTRODUCTION. 49 The effort was, ho
Page 53 and 54: INTRODUCTION. 5 1 And lastly, Edmun
Page 55 and 56: INTRODUCTION. 33 1 ' A vesture Woic
Page 57 and 58: INTRODUCTION. 55 The ostrich plume
Page 59 and 60: INTRODUCTION. 57 brown in summer, i
Page 61 and 62: INTRODUCTION. 59 or lambskin should
Page 63 and 64: INTRODUCTION. 6 1 The Chevaliers de
Page 65 and 66: INTRODUCTION. 63 feeling sure that
Page 67 and 68: INTRODUCTION. when they heard the t
Page 69 and 70: INTRODUCTION. link of the chain-arm
Page 71 and 72: INTRODUCTION. 6 9 In royal armoury,
Page 73 and 74: INTRODUCTION. 7 1 The attendant arm
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Page 77 and 78: INTRODUCTION. 75 Margaret Savage se
Page 79 and 80: INTRODUCTION. 77 was the fate of th
Page 81 and 82: THE BEND. AVING now considered the
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Page 85: PLATE i. SCROPE OF BOLTON. SCROPE A
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" I will weep for thee ; 98 THE HER
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THE SCROPES. 99 clearly established
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J5irJfenyjScrof(> . ffittilliam (pr
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102 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. n
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I0 4 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER.
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He was probably buried in THE DE MA
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THE DE MAULEYS. 107 (this sum, acco
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THE DE MAULEYS. IOQ John de Hotham,
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THE DE MAULEYS. I I I small monaste
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THE DE MAULEYS. 113 royal ladies we
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THE DE MAULEYS. 115 the safety of R
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THE DE LEYBOURNES. 117 Larking, fro
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THE DE LEYBOURNES. 119 Thus transla
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* TREHOUS. I 2 I TREHOUS. But now f
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TREHOUS. 123 soldiers to Arthur, a
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TREHOUS. 125 " gatherings of his ad
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TREHOUS. 127 Hubert, therefore, tho
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TREHOUS. 129 " clime over the walls
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PLATE 3. HOTHAM. HASTINGS. E u RE.
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. July 158 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MIN
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160 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. "
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1 62 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER.
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THE LUTERELS. 169 THE LUTERELS. A s
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THE FURNIVALS. 171 Thomas de Furniv
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THE FURNIVALS. 173 " used for lawye
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He also bequeathed " Unam peciam "
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WALWORTH. 177 in the meantime, the
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WALWORTH. 179 they surged onwards t
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WALWORTH. l8l demagogue, still diss
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" Worthy John Lovekyn, stock-fishmo
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THE HOTHAMS. 185 that such an honou
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THE HOTHAMS. 187 his uncle, as well
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THE HOTHAMS. 189 The eldest son, Pe
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of ElyḂut Hugh, Alice's son, and
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THE HOXHAMS. 193 and the men to sta
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THE HOTHAMS. 195 An excellent Frenc
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THE HOTHAMS. 197 with his son and S
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THE HOTHAMS. 199 accepted, in what
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WALLER. 201 arms are Shirley, becau
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WALLER. 203 " theyr jackes were lon
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WALLER. 205 overwhelming sense of m
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WALLER. 207 As soon as the terrible
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WALLER. 209 In the British Museum t
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The shady trees, the green meadows,
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DE BOHUN. 213 He seems, however, to
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DE BOHUN. 215 which, down to 1516,
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DE BOHUN. 217 that he was instigate
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THE CHEVRON. "None of the ordinarie
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CLARE. 221 Richard FlTZ-GlLBERT de=
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CLARE. 223 The Earl, as a token of
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CLARE. 225 Despencer. He assumed th
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CLARE. 227 " consumed with a linger
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CLARE. 229 many shields, not only o
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CLARE. 231 Reyny (afterwards Archbi
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CLARE. 233 "this ground, that when
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CLARE. 235 " owes for the fruits of
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i PLATE 5. . Lr . n n D O n n D n D
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THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. By hi
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240 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. B
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FITZALAN AND POYNTZ. 309 in London,
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FITZALAN AND POYNTZ. 3 I I Standard
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FITZALAN AND POYNTZ. 313 Minster. A
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of FITZALAN AND POYNTZ. 315 So if B
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But in many instances THE VAVASOURS
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THE VAVASOURS. 319 That held opinio
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THE VAVASOURS. 321 from the lesson
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THE VAVASOURS. 323 Percy gave a spe
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' And THE VAVASOURS. 325 beside bei
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THE VAVASOURS. 327 Sir Henry Lee, o
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VALENCE. 329 been a blessing to men
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VALENCE. 331 "time was seen the lik
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VALENCE. 333 This act was hailed wi
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VALENCE. 335 of his latter they the
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MORTIMER. 337 with such a valuable
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MORTIMER. 339 The London populace p
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MORTIMER. 341 ever, she has passed
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MORTIMER. 343 charity, " made," say
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MORTIMER. 345 invaded Ireland, givi
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THE WHITE H-ORSE AT U FF/N GTOM, BE
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 349 theory by which
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PLATE 7. FRANCE. EDMUND E.OF CROUCH
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366 HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. furni
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370 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. H
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 371 Edmond Tudor, s
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 373 upon his own he
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 375 He spent vast s
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 377 the leading war
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 379 wealthy and ind
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 381 Alonzo's consen
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' ROYAL HERALDRY. 383. which would
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 385 " pest of Franc
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PLATE 9. BLANCHE OF CASTILE. EDMONO
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3QO THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. T
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392 HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. Forti
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396 THE HERALDRY OF YORK MINSTER. m
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 399 " the world by
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 401 Stubbs, in his
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ROYAL HERALDRY. 40,3 How he was est
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406 GENERAL INDEX. Clerkenwell, 223
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408 GENERAL INDEX. Shrewsbury, batt
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LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Aldam, W. Ande
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4 I2 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. R
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