Sin death and beyond

SIN, DEATH AND BEYOND: M.M.NINAN
those who follow thee amongst them all together'" (sura xxxviii. 70-85).
At a later period Mohammed develops the personal character of the first man and his direct
relationship to God, whose vicegerent (khalifah, calif) he is to be on earth. At the same time
Satan is represented as being the one who drove Adam from paradise:
Adam as Vicegerent of God.
"And when thy Lord said unto the angels, 'I am about to place a vicegerent in the earth,' they
said, 'Wilt Thou place therein one who will do evil therein and shed blood? We celebrate Thy
praise and hallow Thee.' Said [the Lord], 'I know what ye know not.' And He taught Adam the
names, all of them; then He propounded them to the angels and said, 'Declare to Me the
names of these, if ye are truthful.' They said, 'Glory be to Thee! no knowledge is ours but what
Thou Thyself hast taught us; verily, Thou art the knowing, the wise.' Said the Lord, 'O Adam,
declare to them their names'; and when he had declared to them their names He said, 'Did I
not say to you, I know the secrets of the heavens and of the earth, and I know what ye show
and what ye are hiding?' And when He said to the angels, 'Adore Adam,' they adored him save
only Iblis, who refused and was too proud, and became one of the misbelievers.
"And He said, 'O Adam, dwell, thou and thy wife, in paradise, and eat therefrom amply as you
wish; but do not draw near this tree or ye will be of the transgressors.' And Satan made them
backslide therefrom, and drove them out from what they were in, and He said, 'Go down, one
of you the enemy of the other; and in the earth there are an abode and a provision for a time.'
And Adam caught certain words from his Lord, and He turned toward him; for He is the
Compassionate One easily turned. He said, 'Go down therefrom altogether, and haply there
may come from Me a guidance, and whoso follows My guidance no fear is theirs, nor shall
they grieve'" (sura ii. 29-36).
In sura vii. 10 et seq. the same story is repeated, though with several additions. In particular,
Mohammed has now learned the manner in which Satan tempted Adam:
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