Vitamin D and Health

Table 3: Before and after studies on rickets
Study/country Population Rickets diagnosis Treatment Mean 25(OH)D (nmol/L) & Ca
(mg/L) concentrations
Elzouki et al (1989)
Benghazi, Libya.
African children (n=22) with
confirmed rickets admitted
for treatment.
Median age, 15 m (3-24 m)
Diagnosis of rickets left to individual
physician.
Radiograph of wrist obtained.
Daily sun exposure of 1-3 hours.
After 1-2 wks sun exposure
(median 9 d), given 1 dose of
intramuscular D2 (15,000 µg).
At diagnosis:
50% with 25(OH)D < 20 (4-65)
Ca concentrations not specified.
Calcium intakes/
other comments
Ca intakes not
reported.
Garabedian et al
(1983)
Paris, France
Infants & children with rickets
(n=20)
Age (range):
15 patients aged 4-26 months
5 patients aged 4-12 y
1 patient admitted to hospital because of
overt signs of rickets; in others, rickets
discovered during evaluation of
pathological states
50 µg/d D2 (n=9)
Single dose of 25(OH)D – 10 µg/kg
(n=5)
Treatment continued until rickets
healed.
3 patients given Ca infusion
Pre treatment
25(OH)D: 10.1 (4.6)
Ca: 75 (11)
Post treatment
25(OH)D: 131.83 (44.1)
Ca: 99.5 (6.4)
Ca intakes not
reported.
Bhimma et al
(1995)
Durban, SA.
Black children (n=23)
admitted to hospital with
rickets; 14 with Ca deficiency;
9 with vitamin D deficiency
Mean age = 6.1 y(2-12y);
Diagnosed clinically, radiologically &
biochemically. Vitamin D deficient rickets
diagnosis on basis of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L
+ other features of calciopaenic rickets.
Dietary Ca deficiency considered in
children with evidence of calciopaenic
rickets, but normal 25OHD.
Hypophosphatemic VDR rickets diagnosed
by normal Ca & vit D concentrations and
low PO.
125- 250 μg D3 plus 500-1000 mg
calcium
Vitamin D deficient patients
25(OH)D: 9.25 (8.75)
Ca: 83.6 (10.8)
Ca deficient patients
25(OH)D: 45.5 (10)
Ca: 86.4 (11.2)
Ca intakes not
reported.
Soliman et al
(2008)
Doha, Qatar
Soliman et al
(2009)
Doha, Qatar
All infants and children up to
3y attending growth clinic
(n=46) between Oct 2003 and
Sept 2005.
Mean age = 13.1 m ± 1.1.
Children(n=40) with vitamin D
deficiency rickets
Mean age: 16.1 m ± 4.5
Clinical manifestations of rickets with
serum 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L.
Radiological confirmation of rickets at the
distal, ulnar or femoral epiphysis.
Clinical manifestations of rickets with
serum 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L.
Radiological confirmation of rickets at the
distal, ulnar or femoral epiphysis
6 months (or more) of 7500 µg
intramuscular vitamin D3.
Vitamin D3 250 µg/kg
(max 3750 µg)
Before treatment:
25(OH)D: 11.25 (1.4)
Ca: 82.8 (10)
After treatment:
25(OH)D: 111.25 (9.25)
Ca: 97.6 (8)
Before treatment:
25(OH)D: 15.6 (12.3)
Ca: 87.6 (7.6)
After treatment:
25(OH)D: 70.5 (21.8)
Ca: 96 (5.6)
Ca intakes not
reported.
Ca intakes not
reported.
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