Vitamin D and Health

Study/Country Population Rickets diagnosis Mean 25(OH)D (nmol/L) & Ca (mg/L)
concentrations
Prentice et al (2008)
Analysis of stored samples from children Radiographs reviewed and assessed by Active rickets (n=13):
(n=46) who had presented with ricketslike
Thacher et al (2000) method.
25(OH)D: 42.4 (28.6, 56.1)/Ca: 91 (84, 98.4)
bone
deformities.
MRC Keneba and MRC
Fajara in The Gambia.
Ozkan et al (2009)
Erzurum, Turkey
Mean age (-1SD, +1SD) = 3.4 (1.9, 6.4) y
Biochemical data from earlier study of
local children (n=147) used as reference.
Mean age: 4.0 (3.0, 5.3)
Cases: children attending paediatric
outpatient clinic (n=39).
Mean age: 10±7.5 m
Controls: age-matched children (n=28) in
outpatient clinic with minor illness &
serum 25(OH)D > 25nmol/L.)
Patients classified as having active rickets
(bone deformities plus biochemical
indicators) or non-active rickets (bone
deformities only).
Identified through clinical signs & confirmed
through radiological & laboratory
examination.
Clinical rickets diagnosed if 2 or more of
following criteria present: craniotabes,
rachitic rosary, bilateral widened wrists,
frontal bossing, bowing legs, fractures,
tetany, convulsion and Harrison's sulcus.
Non-active rickets (n=33)
25(OH)D: 50.7 (37.9, 63.4)/Ca: 95 (89.6,100.4)
Reference children (n=147)
25(OH)D: 95.0 (75.3, 114.6)/Ca: 92 (84.4, 99.6)
Cases (n=39)
25(OH)D:14.5±7/Ca: 75±19
Controls (n=15)
25(OH)D:44.7±16.5/Ca: 95±90
Calcium intakes/other
comments
Ca intakes
Majority prescribed Ca
following presentation at
clinic. Median dose over 6
months: 117 mg/d.
Ca intakes not reported.
Mean 25(OH)D concentration
in cases diagnosed in
summer months was higher
than in those diagnosed in
winter months.
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