Subatomic Physics

19.8. References 603
baryon excess and the numerical excess can explain the experimental value. Of
course, many questions remain unanswered, but the mechanism solves two puzzles:
the smallness of the neutrino masses and the baryon excess.
19.8 References
We have only scratched the surface of nuclear and particle astrophysics. For the
reader who would like more information we suggest consulting the journals or books
mentioned below. We have already referenced numerous reviews in the main body
of the chapter. Some others are listed here.
Comments on Astrophysics, Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science,
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics contain useful review articles.
There are a number of good texts on the present knowledge of astrophysics. A
collection of articles that appeared in Physics Today are bound together in Astrophysics
Today, (A. G. W. Cameron, ed.) Amer. Inst. Phys., New York, 1984.
Another good book is M. Harwit, Astrophysical Concepts, 2nd. ed. Springer, New
York, 1988; E. Choisson and S. McMillan, Astronomy: A Beginner’s Guide to the
Universe, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001; S.N. Shore, The Tapestry of
Modern Astrophysics, Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, NJ, 2003; W. Hu and M. White,
The Cosmic Symphony, Sci. Amer. 290, 44, February 2004. Some more popular
accounts include Einstein’s Universe, the Layperson’s Guide, Penguin Books, 2005;
J. Silk, On the Shores of the Unknown: A Short History of the Universe, Cambridge
University Press, (2005); B. Greene, The Elegant Universe: Superstrings,
Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory, W.W.Norton,New
York, 2003; B. Greene, The Fabric of the Cosmos: Space, Time, and the Texture
of Reality, A. Knopf, New York, 2004; B.W. Carroll, A. Ostlie, An Introduction to
Modern Astrophysics, Pearson, Addison-Wesley, San Francisco (2007).
Cosmic Rays Genesis and Propagation of Cosmic Rays, (M. M. Shapiro and
J. P. Wefel, eds.) Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland (1988); P. Skokolsky, Introduction
to Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass, 1989; M. W.
Friedlander, Cosmic Rays, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass, 1989; R.
Schlickeiser, Cosmic Ray Astrophysics, Springer, New York, 2002; P.K.F. Grieder,
Cosmic Rays at Earth, Elsevier, New York, 2001; T. Stanev, High Energy Cosmic
Rays, Springer, New York, 2004; M.V.S. Rao and B.V. Skreekantan, Extensive
Air Showers, World Scientific, Singapore, 1998; M.W. Friedlander, A Thin Cosmic
Rain, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2000; Topics in Cosmic Ray
Astrophysics, (ed. M.A. DuVernois), Nova , Huntington, NY 2000.
X-Ray Astronomy X-Ray Astronomy, (R. Giacconi and G. Setti, eds.) Reidel,
Boston, 1980; X-Ray Astronomy with the Einstein Satellite, (R. Giacconi, ed.) Reidel,
Boston, 1981; C. L. Sarazin, X-Ray Emission from Clusters of Galaxies, Cam-