KARL MARX

PARIS 121
105. Ibid., p. 221.
106. Ibid., p. 220.
107. Ibid., p. 221.
108. G. Herwegh, Briefwechsel, ed. M. Herwegh (Munich, 1898) p. 328.
109. H. Heine, Lutece, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1855) p. xii.
no. A. Ruge, Briefwechsel, 11 346.
in. Eleanor Marx, in Die neue Zeit, xiv (1896) 1 16 f. These reminiscences, and
the following story which comes from the same source, are not, of course,
entirely reliable. See L. Marcuse, 'Heine and Marx: A History and a Legend',
Germanic Review (1955); W. Victor, Marx und Heine (Berlin, 1952); and
especially N. Reeves, 'Heine and the Young Marx', Oxford German Studies
112. Marx to Kugelmann, MEW xxxn 567. Cf. D. Ryazanov, 'Marx und seine
Bekannten in den vierzigen Jahren', Die neue Zeit, xxxi (1913).
113. Marx to Engels, MEW xxxv 35.
114. Marx to Schweitzer, MESW 1 392. See also, F. Engels, Introduction to
K Marx, The Poverty of Philosophy (New York, 1963) p. 7.
115. Herzen recalled in his Memoirs that Karl Vogt - against whom Marx later
polemicised at extraordinary length - once got so bored during an evening
at Bakunin's when Proudhon was there discussing Hegel's Phenomenology that
he went home. He returned the next morning and 'was amazed to hear a
loud conversation at that hour of the morning... on opening the door he
saw Proudhon and Bakunin still sitting in the same places in front of the dead
embers of the fire, concluding the discussion they had started the evening
before'.
116. Cf. A. Ruge, Briefwechsel, 1 343.
117. A. Ruge to Dunker, Tiigliche Rundschau, 22 July 1921.
118. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts', Early Texts, p. 131.
119. K Marx, 'Preface to A Critique of Political Economy', MESW 1 364.
120. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts', Early Texts, p. 132.
121. On the economic parts of the Manuscripts, see particularly, E. Mandel, The
Formation of the Economic Thought of Karl Marx (London, 1971) ch 2; J.
Maguire, Marx's Paris Writings (Dublin, 1972) ch. 3.
122. K. Marx, Early Writings, pp. 76 f.
123. Cf. W. Schulz, Die Bewegung der Produktion. Eine geschichtlich-statistische
Abhandlung (Zurich, 1843). The economic sections of the Manuscripts show
the influence of Schulz more than any other writer.
124. C. Pecqueur, Theorie nouvelle d'economie sociale et politique (Paris, 1842).
Pecqueur advocated a democratic, fairly centralised socialism and criticised
capitalism as contrary to religion and morality.
125. E. Buret, De la misere des classes laborieuses en Angleterre et en France (Paris,
1840). Buret's book is a well-documented account both of the horrors of the