KARL MARX

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122 KARL MARX: A BIOGRAPHY
Industrial Revolution and of the positive possibilities it offers to men. For
the influence of Buret on Marx's economic conceptions, see G. Cottier, Du
romantisme au marxisme (Paris, 1961).
126. K. Marx, Early Writings, p. 171.
127. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts', Early Texts, pp. 133 ff.
128. K. Marx, Early Texts, p. 134.
129. Ibid.
130. Ibid.
131. Ibid., pp. 134 ff.
132. Marx used two German words to express his ideas of alienation: they were
EntUusserung and Entfremdung. Stricdy speaking, the first emphasises the idea
of dispossession and the second the idea of something being strange and
alien. Marx seemed to use the two terms indiscriminately, sometimes using
both together for rhetorical emphasis.
133. K. Marx, Early Texts, p. 137.
134. Ibid.
135. Ibid., p. 138.
136. Ibid., p. 140.
137. Ibid., p. 141.
138. Ibid., p. 142.
139. Ibid., p. 144.
140. See further on this point G. Cohen, 'Bourgeois and Proletarians', MEW xxi
19 (April 1968)
141. K. Marx, 'On James Mill', Early Texts, p. 192.
142. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts,' Early Texts, p. 181.
143. Ibid., p. 182.
144. K. Marx, 'On James Mill', Early Texts, pp. 193 ff.
145. Ibid., pp. 197 ff.
146. Ibid., p. 201.
147. Ibid., pp. 202 ff.
148. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts', Early Texts, p. 131.
149. For a closely argued analysis of the empirical features of Marx's doctrine of
alienation, see D. Braybrooke, 'Diagnosis and Remedy in Marx's Doctrine
of Alienation', in Social Research (Autumn 1958). There are several pieces of
research that take Marx's doctrine as a basis. One of the best known is R.
Blauner, Alienation and Freedom (Chicago, 1964).
150. K. Marx, 'Paris Manuscripts', Early Texts, p. 146.
151. Ibid.
152. Ibid., pp. 146 ff. Marx seems here to be referring to two groups active in
Paris at that time - the 'Travailleurs Egalitaires' and the , Humanitaires\ The
former were followers of Babeuf with strong anti-cultural tendencies; the
latter were well known for their attacks on marriage and the family. See