Planetary Geology pdf - NASA

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Gradation Figure 2.5 is a vertical photo of alluvial fans at Stovepipe Wells, Death Valley, California. These features result from the build up of alluvium (gravel, sand, and clay) that accumulates at the base of mountain slopes. ÒFanÓ describes the general shape of the feature. 11. a. What is the source of the alluvium that makes up the fans? b. Which agents of erosion (wind, water, and/or gravity) might have generated the alluvium? c. Which agent(s) deposited it? d. Once deposited, how might the alluvium be further eroded? Figure 2.6 is a photograph of the Delta River, a braided stream in central Alaska. This river carries melt water and silt from glaciers to the Pacific Ocean. Rivers of this type are usually shallow. Because they are laden with sediments, they often deposit the sediments to form sandbars. These sandbars redirect the river flow, giving the river its branching, braided appearance. 12. a. How is the Delta River an agent of gradation that works to change the surface? b. Do the individual river channels appear to be permanent, or do they change position with time? How do you know? Impact Craters Examine the photographs of Meteor Crater, an impact crater in Arizona. Figure 2.7 (a) is a vertical aerial photograph, and Figure 2.7 (b) is an oblique view. 13. a. Describe the craterÕs general shape. b. Meteor Crater is one of the best preserved craters in the world. However, it has been eroded somewhat. List some evidence for this. 14. The meteor that impacted here was about 25m across. Measure the diameter of Meteor Crater. How many times bigger than the meteor is the crater? 15. a. Describe how the morphology of Meteor Crater is different from the volcanic landforms shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. 20 Exercise Two: Geologic Landforms Seen on Aerial Photos Activities in Planetary Geology for the Physical and Earth Sciences EG-1998-03-109-HQ
. How is it similar? Examine the view of Roter Kamm impact crater, Namibia, Figure 2.8. 16. a. Describe its morphology? b. Compared to Meteor Crater, does it look fresh or eroded? Explain. 17. a. How is Roter Kamm crater different from the volcanic landforms of Figures 2.1 and 2.2? b. How do they look similar? Synthesis Different processes produce landforms that are different in morphology. Linear, straight features are generally tectonic in origin. More sinuous features (such as river valleys) are typically formed by gradational processes. Volcanism forms flows in irregular patches and cones. A part of central Arizona is shown in Figure 2.9. Represented here are landforms shaped by three of the four principal geologic processes. For each labeled landform, identify its type and the process that formed it. 18. A. E. B. F. C. G. D. 19. Identify a place in the photograph where a pre-existing graben has affected the morphology of a later volcanic flow. Sketch what you see, and describe in words what happened. (Use the sketch area on the next page.) Exercise Two: Geologic Landforms Seen on Aerial Photos EG-1998-03-109-HQ Activities in Planetary Geology for the Physical and Earth Sciences 21
Page 1 and 2: National Aeronautics and Space Admi
Page 3 and 4: A ctivities in Planetary Geology fo
Page 5 and 6: Preface Introduction Special Note t
Page 7 and 8: We are living in a time of revoluti
Page 9 and 10: Exercise One Suggested Correlation
Page 11 and 12: Part One 1. (Answers will vary.) Vo
Page 13 and 14: 5. Based on the number of pictures
Page 15 and 16: _____ 08/19/92 earthquake, central
Page 17 and 18: 165° W 75°W 0° 75°E180°E 75°N
Page 19 and 20: 1. a. The volcano has a circular ba
Page 21 and 22: Exercise Two Volcanism Purpose By s
Page 23: 7. List some factors that might aff
Page 27 and 28: N 200 m Figure 2.1. Mount Capulin,
Page 29 and 30: N Figure 2.3. Oblique aerial view o
Page 31 and 32: Figures 2.7.a., 2.7.b. Meteor Crate
Page 33 and 34: N Figure 2.9. Mosaic of Landsat fra
Page 35 and 36: 1. a. Sketch should show steep side
Page 37 and 38: Exercise Three Purpose By using ste
Page 39 and 40: Gradation 2. Figure 3.4 shows a por
Page 41 and 42: . Examine the broad, steep face tha
Page 43 and 44: e. Determine the sequence of events
Page 45 and 46: Exercise Three: Geologic Landforms
Page 47 and 48: Exercise Three: Geologic Landforms
Page 49 and 50: N Figure 3.8. Sierra Caballos Mount
Page 51 and 52: Exercise Four Impact Cratering Inst
Page 53 and 54: Objective To determine the initial
Page 55 and 56: Name Exercise Four Impact Cratering
Page 57 and 58: Sketch area In the fourth section o
Page 59 and 60: Part C Shot 1 (smallest) Shot 2 (ne
Page 61 and 62: 10 km Exercise Four: Impact Crateri
Page 63 and 64: Science Standards ■ Earth and Spa
Page 65 and 66: Figure 5.1. Comparison of the forma
Page 67 and 68: Exercise Five Purpose To illustrate
Page 69 and 70: Part B: Volcanic Explosive Craterin
Page 71 and 72: N 100 km Figure 5.5. Olympus Mons,
Page 73 and 74: Exercise Six Suggested Correlation
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Figure 6.1. Different sand surfaces
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Exercise Six Purpose To learn how p
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*c. What geologic process(es) forme
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Figure 6.4. Photograph of lunar mar
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Exercise Seven Coriolis Effect Inst
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Purpose By tracing an object as it
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N 100 km Figure 7.1. Centered at 20
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elow this is the solid core of the
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for turbulent, inclement weather on
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7. Examine the atmosphere of Venus
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Figure 8.5. Viking Orbiter image 78
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N 102 Figure 8.7. Jupiter as seen b
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emove the flaps). Three windows are
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Purpose In this experiment you will
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10. Based on your three sketches of
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The wind is at work on other planet
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Unit Four The three decades from th
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1. The highlands are bright, rugged
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6. Based on the number of craters,
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Mercury Venus Earth Moon Mars Mean
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Figure 10.2. Mariner 10 mosaic of M
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C Figure 10.4. Magellan radar mosai
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Exercise Eleven Suggested Correlati
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Exercise Eleven Purpose To learn to
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. If windstreaks are dust deposits
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Figure 11.2. Ius Chasma, part of th
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Exercise Eleven: Geologic Features
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Exercise Twelve Suggested Correlati
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Exercise Twelve Purpose To learn ab
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So far all the figures have shown f
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Figure 12.3. The prominent circular
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N 100 km Figure 12.6. Volcanoes com
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Exercise Twelve: Geologic Features
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Exercise Thirteen Suggested Correla
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I. Ganymede 1. Ganymede orbits the
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17. a. Volcanism. b. It shows a som
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Properties of the Major Satellites*
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The surface of Enceladus can be div
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. Describe in detail the shape of t
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Figure 13.1.b. Geological sketch ma
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A Figure 13.3. The surface of Rhea,
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Exercise Fourteen Planets in Stereo
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Exercise Fourteen: Planets in Stere
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9. Examine the stereo images of Fig
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. Sketch what a profile across a ty
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5 km Figure 14.3. Crater Geopert-Me
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Exercise Fourteen: Planets in Stere
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25 km Figure 14.10. The icy uranian
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Exercise Fifteen Suggested Correlat
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Exercise Fifteen Purpose The object
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3. What is the age relation between
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Figure 15.1. Sample geologic map an
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Figure 15.3. Apollo 15 photograph o
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Part A 1. Contacts are sharp; trans
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Geologic History Youngest Youngest
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Exercise Sixteen Purpose Through ob
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To establish age relations and inte
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Figure 16.3. Diagram of typical imp
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Exercise Sixteen: Photogeologic Map
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Figure 16.8. Northwest quadrant of
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Figure 16.10. Southeast quadrant of
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Youngest Youngest Oldest Oldest Fig
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Answer Key Map after 1) Scott et al
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Exercise Seventeen Purpose Through
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Geologic History: Youngest Oldest E
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Erosion: Process whereby materials
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Terrain: A region of a surface shar
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Cattermole, P. (1994). Venus: The G
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Object Moon Moon Moon Moon Moon Moo
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Object Jupiter Jupiter Jupiter Jupi
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1.6 Regional Planetary Image Facili
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2. Map Link 25 Eat Mason Santa Barb
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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMI
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