Planetary Geology pdf - NASA

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Part B Remove the four steel ball bearings from the sand tray and thoroughly mix the sand and colored sand to produce a uniform mixture. Smooth the target surface with the ruler. The remaining experiments will be performed without a colored upper layer of sand. Divide the target area into four sections as before. Produce four craters on the smooth target surface, using the same four identical steel ball bearing as in Part A. Find the mass of one of the projectiles before launching it and enter the value in the table below. ¥ Make the first crater by dropping the projectile from a height of 10 cm above the surface. Measure the diameter of the crater formed and enter the value in the table. ¥ For the second crater, drop the projectile from a height of 2 meters. Measure the crater diameter and enter it in the table. ¥ The third projectile should be launched with the slingshot 70 to 90 cm above the tray and with the rubber tubing pulled back slightly (extended ~3 cm). Measure the crater diameter and enter it in the table. ¥ For the last crater, extend the slingshot ~15 cm. The slingshot should still be 70 to 90 cm above tray. Measure the crater diameter and enter it in the table. ¥ Calculate the kinetic energy of each projectile and enter the values in the table. Part C Part B Shot 1 Shot 2 Shot 3 Shot 4 Velocity (m/sec) 1.4 6.3 14* 69* Mass (kg) 58 KE (Nm = kg m2/sec2) Crater Diameter (cm) * velocities are approximate Remove the projectiles and smooth the target surface with the ruler. Divide the target into four sections. Find the mass of each projectile and enter the values in the table below. Produce four craters by dropping 4 different sized steel ball bearings from a height of 2 meters above the target surface. Measure the crater diameter produced by each impact. Enter the projectile mass and resultant crater diameters in the table below. Calculate the kinetic energy of each projectile and enter the values in the table on the next page. Exercise Four: Impact Cratering Activities in Planetary Geology for the Physical and Earth Sciences EG-1998-03-109-HQ
Part C Shot 1 (smallest) Shot 2 (next larger) Shot 3 (next larger) Shot 4 (largest) Part D Remove the projectiles and smooth the target surface with the ruler. Divide the target into three sections. Find the mass of each projectile and enter the values in the table below. Produce three craters by dropping 3 identical size, but different mass, projectiles from a height of 2 meters above the target surface. Measure the crater diameter produced by each impact. Enter the projectile mass and resultant crater diameters in the table below. Calculate the kinetic energy of each projectile and enter the values in the table below. Part D Shot 1 (steel) Shot 2 (glass) Shot 3 (wood) Exercise Four: Impact Cratering Velocity (m/sec) Mass (kg) 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 Velocity (m/sec) 6.3 6.3 6.3 Mass (kg) EG-1998-03-109-HQ Activities in Planetary Geology for the Physical and Earth Sciences 59 KE (Nm = kg m2/sec2) KE (Nm = kg m2/sec2) Crater Diameter (cm) Crater Diameter (cm) Examine the results of parts B, C, and D. Use the completed tables to answer the following questions. 5. a. How does kinetic energy of the projectile relate to crater diameter? b. How does velocity relate to crater size? c. How does mass relate to crater size?
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National Aeronautics and Space Admi
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A ctivities in Planetary Geology fo
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Preface Introduction Special Note t
Page 7 and 8: We are living in a time of revoluti
Page 9 and 10: Exercise One Suggested Correlation
Page 11 and 12: Part One 1. (Answers will vary.) Vo
Page 13 and 14: 5. Based on the number of pictures
Page 15 and 16: _____ 08/19/92 earthquake, central
Page 17 and 18: 165° W 75°W 0° 75°E180°E 75°N
Page 19 and 20: 1. a. The volcano has a circular ba
Page 21 and 22: Exercise Two Volcanism Purpose By s
Page 23 and 24: 7. List some factors that might aff
Page 25 and 26: . How is it similar? Examine the vi
Page 27 and 28: N 200 m Figure 2.1. Mount Capulin,
Page 29 and 30: N Figure 2.3. Oblique aerial view o
Page 31 and 32: Figures 2.7.a., 2.7.b. Meteor Crate
Page 33 and 34: N Figure 2.9. Mosaic of Landsat fra
Page 35 and 36: 1. a. Sketch should show steep side
Page 37 and 38: Exercise Three Purpose By using ste
Page 39 and 40: Gradation 2. Figure 3.4 shows a por
Page 41 and 42: . Examine the broad, steep face tha
Page 43 and 44: e. Determine the sequence of events
Page 45 and 46: Exercise Three: Geologic Landforms
Page 47 and 48: Exercise Three: Geologic Landforms
Page 49 and 50: N Figure 3.8. Sierra Caballos Mount
Page 51 and 52: Exercise Four Impact Cratering Inst
Page 53 and 54: Objective To determine the initial
Page 55 and 56: Name Exercise Four Impact Cratering
Page 57: Sketch area In the fourth section o
Page 61 and 62: 10 km Exercise Four: Impact Crateri
Page 63 and 64: Science Standards ■ Earth and Spa
Page 65 and 66: Figure 5.1. Comparison of the forma
Page 67 and 68: Exercise Five Purpose To illustrate
Page 69 and 70: Part B: Volcanic Explosive Craterin
Page 71 and 72: N 100 km Figure 5.5. Olympus Mons,
Page 73 and 74: Exercise Six Suggested Correlation
Page 75 and 76: Figure 6.1. Different sand surfaces
Page 77 and 78: Exercise Six Purpose To learn how p
Page 79 and 80: *c. What geologic process(es) forme
Page 81 and 82: Figure 6.4. Photograph of lunar mar
Page 83 and 84: Exercise Seven Coriolis Effect Inst
Page 85 and 86: Purpose By tracing an object as it
Page 87 and 88: N 100 km Figure 7.1. Centered at 20
Page 89 and 90: elow this is the solid core of the
Page 91 and 92: for turbulent, inclement weather on
Page 93 and 94: 7. Examine the atmosphere of Venus
Page 95 and 96: Figure 8.5. Viking Orbiter image 78
Page 97 and 98: N 102 Figure 8.7. Jupiter as seen b
Page 99 and 100: emove the flaps). Three windows are
Page 101 and 102: Purpose In this experiment you will
Page 103 and 104: 10. Based on your three sketches of
Page 105 and 106: The wind is at work on other planet
Page 107 and 108: Unit Four The three decades from th
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1. The highlands are bright, rugged
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6. Based on the number of craters,
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Mercury Venus Earth Moon Mars Mean
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Figure 10.2. Mariner 10 mosaic of M
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C Figure 10.4. Magellan radar mosai
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Exercise Eleven Suggested Correlati
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Exercise Eleven Purpose To learn to
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. If windstreaks are dust deposits
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Figure 11.2. Ius Chasma, part of th
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Exercise Eleven: Geologic Features
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Exercise Twelve Suggested Correlati
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Exercise Twelve Purpose To learn ab
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So far all the figures have shown f
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Figure 12.3. The prominent circular
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N 100 km Figure 12.6. Volcanoes com
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Exercise Twelve: Geologic Features
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Exercise Thirteen Suggested Correla
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I. Ganymede 1. Ganymede orbits the
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17. a. Volcanism. b. It shows a som
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Properties of the Major Satellites*
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The surface of Enceladus can be div
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. Describe in detail the shape of t
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Figure 13.1.b. Geological sketch ma
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A Figure 13.3. The surface of Rhea,
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Exercise Fourteen Planets in Stereo
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Exercise Fourteen: Planets in Stere
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9. Examine the stereo images of Fig
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. Sketch what a profile across a ty
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5 km Figure 14.3. Crater Geopert-Me
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Exercise Fourteen: Planets in Stere
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25 km Figure 14.10. The icy uranian
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Exercise Fifteen Suggested Correlat
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Exercise Fifteen Purpose The object
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3. What is the age relation between
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Figure 15.1. Sample geologic map an
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Figure 15.3. Apollo 15 photograph o
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Part A 1. Contacts are sharp; trans
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Geologic History Youngest Youngest
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Exercise Sixteen Purpose Through ob
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To establish age relations and inte
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Figure 16.3. Diagram of typical imp
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Exercise Sixteen: Photogeologic Map
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Figure 16.8. Northwest quadrant of
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Figure 16.10. Southeast quadrant of
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Youngest Youngest Oldest Oldest Fig
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Answer Key Map after 1) Scott et al
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Exercise Seventeen Purpose Through
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Geologic History: Youngest Oldest E
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Erosion: Process whereby materials
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Terrain: A region of a surface shar
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Cattermole, P. (1994). Venus: The G
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Object Moon Moon Moon Moon Moon Moo
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Object Jupiter Jupiter Jupiter Jupi
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1.6 Regional Planetary Image Facili
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2. Map Link 25 Eat Mason Santa Barb
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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMI
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