From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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of whom colleagues, lay and clerical, were attached. To Luther was assigned the electorate; the others visited the provinces of Altenburg, Thuringia, and Franconia. Much ignorance, many errors and mistakes, innumerable abuses and anomalies did the visitation bring to light. The Augean stable into which the Papacy had converted Germany, not less than the rest of Christendom, was not to be cleansed in a day. All that could be done was to make a beginning, and even that required infinite tact and firmness, great wisdom and faith. From the living waters of the sanctuary only could a real purification be looked for, and the care of the visitors was to open channels, or remove obstructions, that this cleansing current might freely pervade the land. Ministers were chosen, consistories were appointed, ignorant and immoral pastors were removed, but provided for. In some cases priests were met with who were trying to serve both Rome and the Reformation. In one church they had a 218
pulpit from which they preached the doctrines of free grace, in another an altar at which they used to say mass. The visitors put an end to such dualisms. The doctrine of the universal priesthood of believers did not comport, Luther thought, with a difference of grade among the ministers of the Gospel, but the pastors of the greater cities were appointed, under the title of superintendents, to supervise the others, and to watch over both congregations and schools. The one great want everywhere, Luther found to be want of knowledge. He set himself to remedy the deficiency by compiling popular manuals of the Reformed doctrine, and by issuing plain instructions to the preachers to qualify them more fully for teaching their frocks. He was at pains, especially, to show them the indissoluble link between the doctrine of a free justification and holiness of life. His "Larger and Smaller Catechisms," which he published at this time, were among the most valuable fruits of the Church visitation. By spreading widely the truth they did much to root the Reformation among the people, 219
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FROM THE DIET OF WORMS TO THE AUGSB
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forces of superstition and despotis
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prepared for that voice. All meaner
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defense? The very passions that war
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Zurich never moved a step till he h
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feel his insignificance in the pres
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eing driven out of Lombardy. And no
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Eschewing all show, he occupied him
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one Reformation by originating anot
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cultivated valleys spread out benea
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translating also the Old Testament
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Bible?-a meteor which would have sh
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inkstand, Luther hurled it at the u
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court of the elector was troubled,
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"little sallow tawny man" who excel
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stood neglected on their pedestals,
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And what did he put in the room of
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many of the youth of the University
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At Worms was the crisis of the Refo
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cardinal doctrines of revelation-th
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of heart, faith, charity, not at al
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Worms. The whole of Christendom was
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was finished. When at last, by dint
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princes. The Augustine convents sen
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"The impulse which the Reformation
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Adrian VI., when he cast his eyes o
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the preachers by his own authority,
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eginning his own reform, he demande
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long silently groaned under, but th
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y the devotion of the martyr. It wa
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Adrian of Rome, too, lived to hear
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the pilot proves his skill," says R
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painful mission when all others had
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proscribed in all the States of the
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in the retrospect like goodly twin
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ecclesiastical reforms, was to do a
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nought, and the excommunicated doct
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To Spires all eyes are now turned,
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pleasant residence, and often drew
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population of 70,000. This, in our
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A more precious possession still th
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social renovation. Nuremberg, which
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treasure and pouring out their bloo
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did, the trade of the one, and refi
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and married. The Reformation breaki
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gardens are still redolent of the M
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forming thus two divisions which lo
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and mirth burst out and overflowed
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display. Let us visit the dungeons
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he rested grazed the vertebrae of h
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The unhappy man when suspended in t
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Chapter 6 The Ratisbon League and R
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The success of the princes friendly
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July, to forbid the printing of Lut
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vigor the measures of Campeggio. Cl
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Reformation was developing peaceful
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To their amazement he made a bolder
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exclaimed Luther, on being told of
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approaching. On coming nearer, they
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Protestantism was the head of the h
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In the rear of the princes, and in
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the Word and the Sacraments, and, i
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necromantic influence in all its ob
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the thirteenth century. According t
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One passage at arms we must however
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was seated at dinner with the pasto
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which Melchior Adam has enunciated,
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yet able fully to occupy it. "I hav
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All was peace in the chamber where
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Chapter 8 War of the Peasants THE s
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towns were making rapid strides in
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It was at this hour that the Reform
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misinterpreted, into the democratic
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imagine him under some temptation t
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must exercise Christian submission,
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preceded by the tricolor-red, black
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Bavaria, and Wurtemberg as far as t
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discovered after the battle, hid in
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was long enough to permit him to ru
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that instant powerless. It lacked a
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Chapter 9 The Battle of Pavia and i
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kept them at almost perpetual feud.
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again to draw it back. The winter o
Page 167 and 168: all kings and princes might meet, i
Page 169 and 170: prosecuting the battle of the Papac
Page 171 and 172: While dreadful fulminations were co
Page 173 and 174: acceptable. Wenceslaus Link, of Nur
Page 175 and 176: ecame the faithful companion and he
Page 177 and 178: disappointed. Just as the tempest s
Page 179 and 180: monarch, while he swayed his scepte
Page 181 and 182: it adjourned to midsummer next year
Page 183 and 184: ank and challenge influence, must d
Page 185 and 186: helped too to make the popular tide
Page 187 and 188: spot he too would be of this mind-b
Page 189 and 190: practice of virtue as to the habit
Page 191 and 192: Chapter 11 The Sack of Rome WHAT we
Page 193 and 194: Charles to abolish no law, change n
Page 195 and 196: now in arms against the man who but
Page 197 and 198: was necessary there should be a law
Page 199 and 200: "Holy Father," who, contrary to all
Page 201 and 202: general carried with him a great ir
Page 203 and 204: contrivances innumerable. But the h
Page 205 and 206: "had Pontiff been proclaimed with s
Page 207 and 208: which centuries were needed to brin
Page 209 and 210: The way was prepared for the erecti
Page 211 and 212: the earth. On these old foundations
Page 213 and 214: their own pleasure-simply self-appo
Page 215 and 216: In providing for her order, the Chu
Page 217: and that if Zwingli, who had more s
Page 221 and 222: treachery. Luther would have gone f
Page 223 and 224: others placed themselves in the lis
Page 225 and 226: the chivalrous and resolute landgra
Page 227 and 228: on the infallibility of the Church.
Page 229 and 230: ut all believers, are to be built a
Page 231 and 232: different one was introduced. Who g
Page 233 and 234: The Church constitution of Hesse is
Page 235 and 236: its doctrines. It was the purity of
Page 237 and 238: he had been a monk himself. Nuns, i
Page 239 and 240: instructed to administer the Sacram
Page 241 and 242: marriage, in the majority of instan
Page 243 and 244: have believed, unless he had had pe
Page 245 and 246: Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's
Page 247 and 248: Chapter 14 Politics and Prodigies W
Page 249 and 250: heavens were contending in all thei
Page 251 and 252: aspirations of the Renaissance, for
Page 253 and 254: possible. He would convoke a Diet:
Page 255 and 256: While so many real dangers disturbe
Page 257 and 258: themselves they agreed to equip a f
Page 259 and 260: aptism and the Lord's Supper; that
Page 261 and 262: In the piles of these martyrs we he
Page 263 and 264: then followed the ecclesiastical el
Page 265 and 266: suspended legally the execution of
Page 267 and 268: introduced into Germany. A central
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providing for the maintenance of th
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subjugated its last acre? and that
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the validity nor from the moral gra
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neither consent nor adhere in any m
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an appeal. In that document they re
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man to believe whatever she teaches
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Chapter 16 Conference at Marburg TH
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Philip rush forward. We see in the
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Rome; they had said as a body what
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all the scattered forces of the Gos
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hand, willing to risk life rather t
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een intimate with Luther, and had n
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piece of chalk, and proceeding to t
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the upper chamber. This cannot be;
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they again repaired to the public h
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we have Christ's authority in the s
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and point to the words "This is my
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"away with these mathematical novel
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of Mary." To all arguments and proo
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Luther; "Christ's words suffice for
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each go unhealed? It must. On the 1
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thousands. It had now reached the c
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elieve? Are not these strong bonds?
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This magnanimous avowal was not wit
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speaking his last word, he said, "W
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sectarianism again opened it. Luthe
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corresponding to the set of foes on
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Chapter 18 The Emperor, the Turk, a
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The Italians at the same moment bec
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firmament. Now it is from the regio
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threatened the Protestant Church. T
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Turk was at their hearths, and as n
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some whose gratitude was not so liv
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eye, and awaken the admiration of t
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not the least useful, of all the wo
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flattering hope that now he was on
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the Protestant deputies, who were a
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of that edict by the Diet of 1529;
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servants to go abroad, under pain o
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liberty, coming after, enter at the
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of Germany. 349
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epresentatives from the cities of S
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character, was not understood. All
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pictured the spiritual force ebbing
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without endorsing the judgment of t
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together alone when deep sleep rest
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discovered by the historian Ranke a
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own, and so tended to obscure the g
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not serve our turn; let us resort t
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over their heads, suspended by a si
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piazza, amid the debris of the stru
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and smite the enemies of the Church
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Chapter 20 Preparations for the Aug
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out of Charles's path that might pr
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He essayed a second time to extingu
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the will of One whom he saw guiding
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with arms?" asked the Protestant pr
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anxious thoughts. They were going t
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the deliberations, bringing with th
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Wittenberg movement, by soft measur
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hung the anathema of the Pope and t
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of notice that the first suggestion
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Christ our Lord help that it bear m
Page 395 and 396:
emperor will journey as his many we
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nothing else but the sophists and P
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een the case from an early hour in
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earing the naked imperial sword, an
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nearly threw him headlong upon the
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The emperor's entry into Augsburg t
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the action to the words, he struck
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conscience." And they fortified the
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came to speak of the "new religion"
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Chapter 22 Luther in the Coburg and
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Empire would have been transferred
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It was well known how many places h
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down, and wrote to Wittenberg for h
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Prince of Darkness had brought all
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standing or its falling? As well mi
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character, and, what was infinitely
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Ferdinand? is it the Pope? is it th
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Protestants met in the apartments o
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priesthood. This was not a body Cat
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two hundred persons. It was seen th
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new Diet gave it a new triumph? Whe
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incorporeal, indivisible, infinite
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Article 7. confessed the CHURCH, "w
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civil justice, and the sphere of ho
Page 443 and 444:
We have said that under the Fourth
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the sword. "We, therefore, teach th
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anything contrary to the canonical
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cause of the Reformation! The error
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Chapter 24 After the Diet of Augsbu
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hardly conceivable, were to apostat
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ehold the pulpit set up in the Diet
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It was the morning of the day follo
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true and obedient son," said the co
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the emperor, which he had prepared
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informed in their cause; and took t
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much to the emperor's satisfaction,
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went further; it provided for the r
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interpret Scripture. Thus they proc
Page 471 and 472:
Chapter 25 Attempted Refutation of
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now gathered round him, "how shall
Page 475 and 476:
Some of the lay princes were the mo
Page 477 and 478:
Cochlaeus, Jonas ranks in this clas
Page 479 and 480:
Duke of Bavaria, addressing Eck, "c
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on grounds peculiar to himself. He
Page 483 and 484:
We are compelled to ask, when we se
Page 485 and 486:
Father: therefore am I certain that
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the Coburg, or rather the God-man a
Page 489 and 490:
intended to fortify. It did not imp
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message was brought to him that som
Page 493 and 494:
with which to extinguish it. He esp
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offers-loftier titles, larger terri
Page 497 and 498:
that concerned the salvation of the
Page 499 and 500:
to the old yoke of the Seven Hills,
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discipline and government of the Ch
Page 503 and 504:
hung so heavily above his friends i
Page 505 and 506:
his colleagues, and the work on whi
Page 507 and 508:
deliverance came from another quart
Page 509 and 510:
Chapter 27 A Retrospect from 1517 t
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speaking to them out of the darknes
Page 513 and 514:
they have bowed to the authority of
Page 515 and 516:
indeed his imagery would appear to
Page 517 and 518:
to the movement as the Reformer him
Page 519 and 520:
evoked the famous Protest of the Lu
Page 521 and 522:
spirit of the age; his battles are
Page 523 and 524:
on the 25th of June, 1530, the crow
Page 525 and 526:
anything of the kind that Greece an
Page 527 and 528:
splendor and crime, followed each o
Page 529 and 530:
frames its law and policy according
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that there is a God, and that the B
show all

From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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