From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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edict against Luther. It was now that the Lutheran princes unfurled their great Protest, and took up that position in the Empire and before all Christendom which they have ever since, through all variety of fortune, maintained. Every time the emperor puts forth his hand, it is not to kill but to infuse new life into the movement; it is to remove impediments from its path and help it onward. Even the dullest cannot fail to perceive that these most extraordinary events, in which everything meant for the destruction of the Protestant movement turned out for its furtherance, did not originate with Luther. He had neither the sagacity to devise them nor the power to control them. Nor did they take their rise from Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony; nor from Philip the Magnanimous, Landware of Hesse. Much less did they owe their origin to Charles, for nothing did he less intend to accomplish than what really took place. Let us then indulge in no platitudes about these men. Luther indeed was wise, and not less courageous than wise; but in what did his wisdom consist? It consisted in his profound submission to 378
the will of One whom he saw guiding the movement through intricacies where his own counsels would have utterly wrecked it. And in what lay his courage? In this: in his profound faith in One whose arm he saw shielding Protestantism in the midst of dangers where, but for this protection, both the Reformer and the cause would have speedily perished. In these events Luther beheld the footprints of One whom an ancient Hebrew sage styles "wonderful in counsel, excellent in working." The emperor and his suite, a numerous and brilliant one, arrived at Innspruck in the beginning of May. He halted at this romantic little town that he might make himself more closely acquainted with the state of Germany, and decide upon the line of tactics to be adopted. The atmosphere on this side of the Alps differed sensibly from the fervid air which he had just left on the south of them. All he saw and heard where he now was told him that Lutheranism was strongly entrenched in the Fatherland, and that he should need to put forth all 379
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FROM THE DIET OF WORMS TO THE AUGSB
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forces of superstition and despotis
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prepared for that voice. All meaner
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defense? The very passions that war
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Zurich never moved a step till he h
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feel his insignificance in the pres
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eing driven out of Lombardy. And no
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Eschewing all show, he occupied him
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one Reformation by originating anot
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cultivated valleys spread out benea
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translating also the Old Testament
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Bible?-a meteor which would have sh
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inkstand, Luther hurled it at the u
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court of the elector was troubled,
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"little sallow tawny man" who excel
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stood neglected on their pedestals,
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And what did he put in the room of
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many of the youth of the University
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At Worms was the crisis of the Refo
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cardinal doctrines of revelation-th
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of heart, faith, charity, not at al
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Worms. The whole of Christendom was
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was finished. When at last, by dint
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princes. The Augustine convents sen
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"The impulse which the Reformation
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Adrian VI., when he cast his eyes o
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the preachers by his own authority,
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eginning his own reform, he demande
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long silently groaned under, but th
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y the devotion of the martyr. It wa
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Adrian of Rome, too, lived to hear
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the pilot proves his skill," says R
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painful mission when all others had
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proscribed in all the States of the
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in the retrospect like goodly twin
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ecclesiastical reforms, was to do a
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nought, and the excommunicated doct
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To Spires all eyes are now turned,
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pleasant residence, and often drew
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population of 70,000. This, in our
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A more precious possession still th
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social renovation. Nuremberg, which
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treasure and pouring out their bloo
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did, the trade of the one, and refi
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and married. The Reformation breaki
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gardens are still redolent of the M
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forming thus two divisions which lo
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and mirth burst out and overflowed
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display. Let us visit the dungeons
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he rested grazed the vertebrae of h
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The unhappy man when suspended in t
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Chapter 6 The Ratisbon League and R
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The success of the princes friendly
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July, to forbid the printing of Lut
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vigor the measures of Campeggio. Cl
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Reformation was developing peaceful
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To their amazement he made a bolder
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exclaimed Luther, on being told of
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approaching. On coming nearer, they
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Protestantism was the head of the h
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In the rear of the princes, and in
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the Word and the Sacraments, and, i
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necromantic influence in all its ob
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the thirteenth century. According t
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One passage at arms we must however
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was seated at dinner with the pasto
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which Melchior Adam has enunciated,
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yet able fully to occupy it. "I hav
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All was peace in the chamber where
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Chapter 8 War of the Peasants THE s
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towns were making rapid strides in
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It was at this hour that the Reform
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misinterpreted, into the democratic
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imagine him under some temptation t
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must exercise Christian submission,
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preceded by the tricolor-red, black
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Bavaria, and Wurtemberg as far as t
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discovered after the battle, hid in
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was long enough to permit him to ru
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that instant powerless. It lacked a
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Chapter 9 The Battle of Pavia and i
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kept them at almost perpetual feud.
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again to draw it back. The winter o
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all kings and princes might meet, i
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prosecuting the battle of the Papac
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While dreadful fulminations were co
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acceptable. Wenceslaus Link, of Nur
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ecame the faithful companion and he
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disappointed. Just as the tempest s
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monarch, while he swayed his scepte
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it adjourned to midsummer next year
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ank and challenge influence, must d
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helped too to make the popular tide
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spot he too would be of this mind-b
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practice of virtue as to the habit
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Chapter 11 The Sack of Rome WHAT we
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Charles to abolish no law, change n
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now in arms against the man who but
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was necessary there should be a law
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"Holy Father," who, contrary to all
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general carried with him a great ir
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contrivances innumerable. But the h
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"had Pontiff been proclaimed with s
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which centuries were needed to brin
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The way was prepared for the erecti
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the earth. On these old foundations
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their own pleasure-simply self-appo
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In providing for her order, the Chu
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and that if Zwingli, who had more s
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pulpit from which they preached the
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treachery. Luther would have gone f
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others placed themselves in the lis
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the chivalrous and resolute landgra
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on the infallibility of the Church.
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ut all believers, are to be built a
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different one was introduced. Who g
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The Church constitution of Hesse is
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its doctrines. It was the purity of
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he had been a monk himself. Nuns, i
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instructed to administer the Sacram
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marriage, in the majority of instan
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have believed, unless he had had pe
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Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's
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Chapter 14 Politics and Prodigies W
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heavens were contending in all thei
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aspirations of the Renaissance, for
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possible. He would convoke a Diet:
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While so many real dangers disturbe
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themselves they agreed to equip a f
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aptism and the Lord's Supper; that
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In the piles of these martyrs we he
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then followed the ecclesiastical el
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suspended legally the execution of
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introduced into Germany. A central
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providing for the maintenance of th
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subjugated its last acre? and that
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the validity nor from the moral gra
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neither consent nor adhere in any m
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an appeal. In that document they re
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man to believe whatever she teaches
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Chapter 16 Conference at Marburg TH
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Philip rush forward. We see in the
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Rome; they had said as a body what
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all the scattered forces of the Gos
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hand, willing to risk life rather t
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een intimate with Luther, and had n
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piece of chalk, and proceeding to t
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the upper chamber. This cannot be;
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they again repaired to the public h
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we have Christ's authority in the s
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and point to the words "This is my
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"away with these mathematical novel
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of Mary." To all arguments and proo
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Luther; "Christ's words suffice for
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each go unhealed? It must. On the 1
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thousands. It had now reached the c
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elieve? Are not these strong bonds?
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This magnanimous avowal was not wit
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speaking his last word, he said, "W
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sectarianism again opened it. Luthe
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corresponding to the set of foes on
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Chapter 18 The Emperor, the Turk, a
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The Italians at the same moment bec
Page 327 and 328: firmament. Now it is from the regio
Page 329 and 330: threatened the Protestant Church. T
Page 331 and 332: Turk was at their hearths, and as n
Page 333 and 334: some whose gratitude was not so liv
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Page 339 and 340: flattering hope that now he was on
Page 341 and 342: the Protestant deputies, who were a
Page 343 and 344: of that edict by the Diet of 1529;
Page 345 and 346: servants to go abroad, under pain o
Page 347 and 348: liberty, coming after, enter at the
Page 349 and 350: of Germany. 349
Page 351 and 352: epresentatives from the cities of S
Page 353 and 354: character, was not understood. All
Page 355 and 356: pictured the spiritual force ebbing
Page 357 and 358: without endorsing the judgment of t
Page 359 and 360: together alone when deep sleep rest
Page 361 and 362: discovered by the historian Ranke a
Page 363 and 364: own, and so tended to obscure the g
Page 365 and 366: not serve our turn; let us resort t
Page 367 and 368: over their heads, suspended by a si
Page 369 and 370: piazza, amid the debris of the stru
Page 371 and 372: and smite the enemies of the Church
Page 373 and 374: Chapter 20 Preparations for the Aug
Page 375 and 376: out of Charles's path that might pr
Page 377: He essayed a second time to extingu
Page 381 and 382: with arms?" asked the Protestant pr
Page 383 and 384: anxious thoughts. They were going t
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Page 387 and 388: Wittenberg movement, by soft measur
Page 389 and 390: hung the anathema of the Pope and t
Page 391 and 392: of notice that the first suggestion
Page 393 and 394: Christ our Lord help that it bear m
Page 395 and 396: emperor will journey as his many we
Page 397 and 398: nothing else but the sophists and P
Page 399 and 400: een the case from an early hour in
Page 401 and 402: earing the naked imperial sword, an
Page 403 and 404: nearly threw him headlong upon the
Page 405 and 406: The emperor's entry into Augsburg t
Page 407 and 408: the action to the words, he struck
Page 409 and 410: conscience." And they fortified the
Page 411 and 412: came to speak of the "new religion"
Page 413 and 414: Chapter 22 Luther in the Coburg and
Page 415 and 416: Empire would have been transferred
Page 417 and 418: It was well known how many places h
Page 419 and 420: down, and wrote to Wittenberg for h
Page 421 and 422: Prince of Darkness had brought all
Page 423 and 424: standing or its falling? As well mi
Page 425 and 426: character, and, what was infinitely
Page 427 and 428: Ferdinand? is it the Pope? is it th
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Protestants met in the apartments o
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priesthood. This was not a body Cat
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two hundred persons. It was seen th
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new Diet gave it a new triumph? Whe
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incorporeal, indivisible, infinite
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Article 7. confessed the CHURCH, "w
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civil justice, and the sphere of ho
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We have said that under the Fourth
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the sword. "We, therefore, teach th
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anything contrary to the canonical
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cause of the Reformation! The error
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Chapter 24 After the Diet of Augsbu
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hardly conceivable, were to apostat
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ehold the pulpit set up in the Diet
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It was the morning of the day follo
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true and obedient son," said the co
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the emperor, which he had prepared
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informed in their cause; and took t
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much to the emperor's satisfaction,
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went further; it provided for the r
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interpret Scripture. Thus they proc
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Chapter 25 Attempted Refutation of
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now gathered round him, "how shall
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Some of the lay princes were the mo
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Cochlaeus, Jonas ranks in this clas
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Duke of Bavaria, addressing Eck, "c
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on grounds peculiar to himself. He
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We are compelled to ask, when we se
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Father: therefore am I certain that
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the Coburg, or rather the God-man a
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intended to fortify. It did not imp
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message was brought to him that som
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with which to extinguish it. He esp
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offers-loftier titles, larger terri
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that concerned the salvation of the
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to the old yoke of the Seven Hills,
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discipline and government of the Ch
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hung so heavily above his friends i
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his colleagues, and the work on whi
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deliverance came from another quart
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Chapter 27 A Retrospect from 1517 t
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speaking to them out of the darknes
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they have bowed to the authority of
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indeed his imagery would appear to
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to the movement as the Reformer him
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evoked the famous Protest of the Lu
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spirit of the age; his battles are
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on the 25th of June, 1530, the crow
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anything of the kind that Greece an
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splendor and crime, followed each o
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frames its law and policy according
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that there is a God, and that the B
show all

From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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