From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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which awaited, with bowed heads, the Papal blessing. The mighty emperor had his first intimation that he should not be able to repeat at Augsburg the proud boast of Caesar, whose successor he affected to be–"I came, I saw, I conquered." The procession now set forward at a slow pace. "Never," says Seckendorf, "had the grandeur and power of the Empire been illustrated by so magnificent a spectacle." There defiled past the spectator, in long and glittering procession, not only the ecclesiastical and civil dignitaries of Spain and Italy, but representatives of nearly all the nationalities which formed the vast Empire of Charles. First came two companies of lansquenets. Next came the six electors, with the noblemen of their courts, in rich dresses of velvet and silk, and their armed retainers in their red doublets, steel helmets and dancing plumes. There were bishops in violet and cardinals in purple. The ecclesiastics were seated on mules, the princes and counts bestrode prancing coursers. The Elector John of Saxony marched immediately before the emperor, 400
earing the naked imperial sword, an honor to which his rank in the electoral college entitled him. "Last came the prince," says Seckendorf, "on whom all eyes were fixed. Thirty years of age, of distinguished port and pleasing features, robed in golden garments that glittered all over with precious stones, wearing a small Spanish hat on the crown of his head:, mounted on a beautiful Polish hackney of the most brilliant whiteness, riding beneath a rich canopy of red white and green damask borne by six senators of Augsburg, and casting around him looks in which gentleness was mingled with gravity, Charles excited the liveliest enthusiasm, and every one exclaimed that he was the handsomest man in the Empire, as well as the mightiest prince in the world." His brother, the King of Austria, accompanied Charles. Ferdinand advanced side by side with the Papal legate, their place being immediately behind the emperor. They were succeeded by an array of cardinals, bishops, and the ambassadors of foreign Powers, in the insignia of their rank and office. The 401
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FROM THE DIET OF WORMS TO THE AUGSB
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forces of superstition and despotis
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prepared for that voice. All meaner
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defense? The very passions that war
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Zurich never moved a step till he h
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feel his insignificance in the pres
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eing driven out of Lombardy. And no
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Eschewing all show, he occupied him
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one Reformation by originating anot
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cultivated valleys spread out benea
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translating also the Old Testament
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Bible?-a meteor which would have sh
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inkstand, Luther hurled it at the u
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court of the elector was troubled,
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"little sallow tawny man" who excel
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stood neglected on their pedestals,
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And what did he put in the room of
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many of the youth of the University
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At Worms was the crisis of the Refo
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cardinal doctrines of revelation-th
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of heart, faith, charity, not at al
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Worms. The whole of Christendom was
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was finished. When at last, by dint
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princes. The Augustine convents sen
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"The impulse which the Reformation
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Adrian VI., when he cast his eyes o
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the preachers by his own authority,
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eginning his own reform, he demande
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long silently groaned under, but th
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y the devotion of the martyr. It wa
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Adrian of Rome, too, lived to hear
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the pilot proves his skill," says R
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painful mission when all others had
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proscribed in all the States of the
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in the retrospect like goodly twin
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ecclesiastical reforms, was to do a
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nought, and the excommunicated doct
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To Spires all eyes are now turned,
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pleasant residence, and often drew
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population of 70,000. This, in our
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A more precious possession still th
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social renovation. Nuremberg, which
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treasure and pouring out their bloo
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did, the trade of the one, and refi
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and married. The Reformation breaki
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gardens are still redolent of the M
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forming thus two divisions which lo
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and mirth burst out and overflowed
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display. Let us visit the dungeons
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he rested grazed the vertebrae of h
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The unhappy man when suspended in t
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Chapter 6 The Ratisbon League and R
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The success of the princes friendly
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July, to forbid the printing of Lut
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vigor the measures of Campeggio. Cl
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Reformation was developing peaceful
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To their amazement he made a bolder
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exclaimed Luther, on being told of
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approaching. On coming nearer, they
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Protestantism was the head of the h
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In the rear of the princes, and in
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the Word and the Sacraments, and, i
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necromantic influence in all its ob
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the thirteenth century. According t
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One passage at arms we must however
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was seated at dinner with the pasto
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which Melchior Adam has enunciated,
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yet able fully to occupy it. "I hav
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All was peace in the chamber where
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Chapter 8 War of the Peasants THE s
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towns were making rapid strides in
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It was at this hour that the Reform
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misinterpreted, into the democratic
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imagine him under some temptation t
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must exercise Christian submission,
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preceded by the tricolor-red, black
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Bavaria, and Wurtemberg as far as t
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discovered after the battle, hid in
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was long enough to permit him to ru
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that instant powerless. It lacked a
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Chapter 9 The Battle of Pavia and i
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kept them at almost perpetual feud.
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again to draw it back. The winter o
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all kings and princes might meet, i
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prosecuting the battle of the Papac
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While dreadful fulminations were co
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acceptable. Wenceslaus Link, of Nur
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ecame the faithful companion and he
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disappointed. Just as the tempest s
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monarch, while he swayed his scepte
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it adjourned to midsummer next year
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ank and challenge influence, must d
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helped too to make the popular tide
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spot he too would be of this mind-b
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practice of virtue as to the habit
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Chapter 11 The Sack of Rome WHAT we
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Charles to abolish no law, change n
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now in arms against the man who but
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was necessary there should be a law
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"Holy Father," who, contrary to all
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general carried with him a great ir
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contrivances innumerable. But the h
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"had Pontiff been proclaimed with s
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which centuries were needed to brin
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The way was prepared for the erecti
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the earth. On these old foundations
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their own pleasure-simply self-appo
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In providing for her order, the Chu
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and that if Zwingli, who had more s
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pulpit from which they preached the
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treachery. Luther would have gone f
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others placed themselves in the lis
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the chivalrous and resolute landgra
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on the infallibility of the Church.
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ut all believers, are to be built a
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different one was introduced. Who g
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The Church constitution of Hesse is
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its doctrines. It was the purity of
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he had been a monk himself. Nuns, i
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instructed to administer the Sacram
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marriage, in the majority of instan
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have believed, unless he had had pe
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Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's
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Chapter 14 Politics and Prodigies W
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heavens were contending in all thei
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aspirations of the Renaissance, for
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possible. He would convoke a Diet:
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While so many real dangers disturbe
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themselves they agreed to equip a f
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aptism and the Lord's Supper; that
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In the piles of these martyrs we he
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then followed the ecclesiastical el
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suspended legally the execution of
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introduced into Germany. A central
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providing for the maintenance of th
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subjugated its last acre? and that
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the validity nor from the moral gra
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neither consent nor adhere in any m
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an appeal. In that document they re
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man to believe whatever she teaches
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Chapter 16 Conference at Marburg TH
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Philip rush forward. We see in the
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Rome; they had said as a body what
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all the scattered forces of the Gos
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hand, willing to risk life rather t
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een intimate with Luther, and had n
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piece of chalk, and proceeding to t
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the upper chamber. This cannot be;
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they again repaired to the public h
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we have Christ's authority in the s
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and point to the words "This is my
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"away with these mathematical novel
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of Mary." To all arguments and proo
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Luther; "Christ's words suffice for
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each go unhealed? It must. On the 1
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thousands. It had now reached the c
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elieve? Are not these strong bonds?
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This magnanimous avowal was not wit
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speaking his last word, he said, "W
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sectarianism again opened it. Luthe
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corresponding to the set of foes on
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Chapter 18 The Emperor, the Turk, a
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The Italians at the same moment bec
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firmament. Now it is from the regio
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threatened the Protestant Church. T
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Turk was at their hearths, and as n
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some whose gratitude was not so liv
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eye, and awaken the admiration of t
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not the least useful, of all the wo
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flattering hope that now he was on
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the Protestant deputies, who were a
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of that edict by the Diet of 1529;
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servants to go abroad, under pain o
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liberty, coming after, enter at the
Page 349 and 350: of Germany. 349
Page 351 and 352: epresentatives from the cities of S
Page 353 and 354: character, was not understood. All
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Page 357 and 358: without endorsing the judgment of t
Page 359 and 360: together alone when deep sleep rest
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Page 367 and 368: over their heads, suspended by a si
Page 369 and 370: piazza, amid the debris of the stru
Page 371 and 372: and smite the enemies of the Church
Page 373 and 374: Chapter 20 Preparations for the Aug
Page 375 and 376: out of Charles's path that might pr
Page 377 and 378: He essayed a second time to extingu
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Page 381 and 382: with arms?" asked the Protestant pr
Page 383 and 384: anxious thoughts. They were going t
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Page 387 and 388: Wittenberg movement, by soft measur
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Page 391 and 392: of notice that the first suggestion
Page 393 and 394: Christ our Lord help that it bear m
Page 395 and 396: emperor will journey as his many we
Page 397 and 398: nothing else but the sophists and P
Page 399: een the case from an early hour in
Page 403 and 404: nearly threw him headlong upon the
Page 405 and 406: The emperor's entry into Augsburg t
Page 407 and 408: the action to the words, he struck
Page 409 and 410: conscience." And they fortified the
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Page 413 and 414: Chapter 22 Luther in the Coburg and
Page 415 and 416: Empire would have been transferred
Page 417 and 418: It was well known how many places h
Page 419 and 420: down, and wrote to Wittenberg for h
Page 421 and 422: Prince of Darkness had brought all
Page 423 and 424: standing or its falling? As well mi
Page 425 and 426: character, and, what was infinitely
Page 427 and 428: Ferdinand? is it the Pope? is it th
Page 429 and 430: Protestants met in the apartments o
Page 431 and 432: priesthood. This was not a body Cat
Page 433 and 434: two hundred persons. It was seen th
Page 435 and 436: new Diet gave it a new triumph? Whe
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Page 439 and 440: Article 7. confessed the CHURCH, "w
Page 441 and 442: civil justice, and the sphere of ho
Page 443 and 444: We have said that under the Fourth
Page 445 and 446: the sword. "We, therefore, teach th
Page 447 and 448: anything contrary to the canonical
Page 449 and 450: cause of the Reformation! The error
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Chapter 24 After the Diet of Augsbu
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hardly conceivable, were to apostat
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ehold the pulpit set up in the Diet
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It was the morning of the day follo
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true and obedient son," said the co
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the emperor, which he had prepared
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informed in their cause; and took t
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much to the emperor's satisfaction,
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went further; it provided for the r
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interpret Scripture. Thus they proc
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Chapter 25 Attempted Refutation of
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now gathered round him, "how shall
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Some of the lay princes were the mo
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Cochlaeus, Jonas ranks in this clas
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Duke of Bavaria, addressing Eck, "c
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on grounds peculiar to himself. He
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We are compelled to ask, when we se
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Father: therefore am I certain that
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the Coburg, or rather the God-man a
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intended to fortify. It did not imp
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message was brought to him that som
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with which to extinguish it. He esp
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offers-loftier titles, larger terri
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that concerned the salvation of the
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to the old yoke of the Seven Hills,
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discipline and government of the Ch
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hung so heavily above his friends i
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his colleagues, and the work on whi
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deliverance came from another quart
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Chapter 27 A Retrospect from 1517 t
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speaking to them out of the darknes
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they have bowed to the authority of
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indeed his imagery would appear to
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to the movement as the Reformer him
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evoked the famous Protest of the Lu
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spirit of the age; his battles are
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on the 25th of June, 1530, the crow
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anything of the kind that Greece an
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splendor and crime, followed each o
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frames its law and policy according
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that there is a God, and that the B
show all

From the Diet of Worms to the Augsburg Confession - James Aitken Wylie

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