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Myeloid Leukemia

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210 Cilloni, Gottardi, and Saglio<br />

14. The threshold and baseline values have been established by the European network<br />

in order to provide comparable results between different laboratories.<br />

15. The software automatically generates standard curves for WT1 and ABL using<br />

the mean Ct values of the different plasmid serial dilutions that have been<br />

included in the plate. The mean Ct for both WT1 and ABL in each of the samples<br />

is then automatically compared with the respective plasmid standard curves to<br />

obtain the corresponding quantity (copy number) of transcripts in each sample<br />

tested.<br />

16. The final result expresses the WT1 copy number normalized per 10,000 ABL<br />

copies.<br />

17. The samples with an ABL Ct value >29 should be discarded, because the quality<br />

of the sample is unacceptable.<br />

References<br />

1. Van Dongen, J. J., Seriu, T., Panzer-Grumayer, E. R., et al. (1998) Prognostic<br />

value of minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood.<br />

Lancet 28, 1731–1738.<br />

2. Cavé, H., van der Werfften, Bosch, J., et al. (1998) Clinical significance of minimal<br />

residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. European Organization<br />

for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Childhood <strong>Leukemia</strong> Cooperative<br />

Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 27, 591–598.<br />

3. Nowell, P. C. (1992) Chromosome abnormalities in myelodysplastic syndrome<br />

and acute myelogenous leukemia. Semin. Oncol. 19, 25–33.<br />

4. Cilloni, D., Gottardi, E., De Micheli, D., et al. (2002) Quantitative assessment of<br />

WT1 expression by real time quantitative PCR may be a useful tool for monitoring<br />

minimal residual disease in acute leukemia patients. <strong>Leukemia</strong> 16, 2115–2121.<br />

5. Cilloni, D., Messa, F., Gottardi, E., et al. (2003) Very significant correlation between<br />

WT1 expression level and the IPSS score in patients with myelodysplastic<br />

syndromes. J. Clin. Oncol. 21, 1988–1995.<br />

6. Inoue, K., Ogawa, H., Sonoda, Y., et al. (1997) Aberrant overexpression of the<br />

Wilms tumor gene (WT1) in human leukemia. Blood 89, 1405–1412.<br />

7. Call, K. M., Glaser, T., Ito, C. Y., et al. (1990) Isolation and characterization of a<br />

zinc finger polypeptide gene at the human chromosome 11 Wilms’ tumor locus.<br />

Cell 60, 509–520.<br />

8. Madden, S. L., Cook, D. M., Morris, J. F., Gashler, A., Sukhatme, V. P., and<br />

Rauscher, F. J. III. (1991) Transcriptional repression mediated by the WT1 Wilms’<br />

tumor gene product. Science 253, 1550–1553.<br />

9. Park, S., Schalling, M., Bernard, A., et al. (1993) The Wilms tumor gene WT1 is<br />

expressed in murine mesoderm-derived tissues and mutated in a human mesothelioma.<br />

Nat. Genet. 4, 415–420.<br />

10. Pritchard-Jones, K. and Fleming, S. (1991) Cell types expressing the Wilms’ tumor<br />

gene (WT1) in Wilms’ tumor: implications for tumor histogenesis. Oncogene<br />

6, 2211–2220.

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