The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guide to Plato’s Republic, 2016a

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94 The Soul Without Barnacles See 611a-612a. What would the soul be without the body? Socrates has us imagine the sea god Glaucus who, though a god, has been buffeted about by the waves and incrusted with mollusks, seaweed, and the like so that he appears more like a “wild beast” than a divine being. The soul’s true nature, he suggests, is just as difficult to perceive, wrapped up as it is in the body. But if it were free of the body, what would be left? Socrates hints that it might be a single part – the rational part, presumably – which, through love of wisdom (philosophia), would live in contemplation of the forms (of “what is divine and immortal and what always exists”). Whether or not this is idle speculation is debatable, but there is something fascinating about trying to understand what life without a body would be like. Desires for breathing, drinking, eating, and activities of this sort would, presumably, be no more. What else would be different? Would gender identities cease? What about desires for praise or feelings of shame – would they continue to exist? Would one still be spatially located and capable of movement? Would one still be able to communicate with others? Would music still be perceivable? How would disembodied souls differ from one another? Would they have different memories? Would they care about their pasts or would their attention be fixed exclusively on eternal things? Back
95 Rewards from Gods and Human Beings See 612a-614a. Socrates has argued, at length, that justice in the soul is desirable for its own sake, so desirable that it is enough to bring a person happiness. But as people who love their jobs ordinarily receive payment for their work, people who are just are ordinarily rewarded out of appreciation for their virtue. So, for instance, “if a just man falls into poverty or disease or some of the other things that seem bad, it will end well for him . . . surely the gods at least will never neglect anyone who eagerly wishes to become just and, by practicing virtue, to make himself as much like a god as a human being can.” Likewise, human beings generally reward just people (when recognized) with trust and respect, whereas unjust people (when recognized) are vilified and punished. Justice in the soul is therefore desirable for its consequences as well as for its own sake. Would the gods reward a virtuous person if the person, being just, were already happy? If so, what would be the point? How might a god reward a person who was already fully just? With friendship? Back
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The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guid
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19 Luxuries in the Just City 20 The
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Book IX 80 Lawless Desires 81 The R
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Book I
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Back Is it possible to persuade a
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3 Treasure for Heaven See 329d-331b
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5 The Craft of Justice See 332b-334
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6 Benefiting Friends and Harming En
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7 The Advantage of the Stronger See
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8 The Good Shepherd See 339a-348b.
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9 The Blushing Argument See 348b-35
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10 Function, Virtue, and the Soul S
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Book II
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12 The Social Contract Theory of Ju
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14 The Challenge See 360e-362c. Soc
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15 The Teaching of Justice See 362c
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16 Glaucon’s Lover See 368a. Not
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18 Making the Most of Differences S
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20 The Good Soldier See 374a-376e.
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22 Gods Causing Bad Things See 377d
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23 Gods in Disguise or Speaking Fal
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24 Fear and Grief See 386a-388e. So
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Back Can a distinction be made bet
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27 Narrative Style and Personal Int
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28 The Emotional Power of Tune and
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29 Love of the Fine and Beautiful S
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sexually attractive the lovers may
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31 Doctors and Judges See 405a-410a
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32 Harmony in the Soul See 410a-412
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33 Rulers See 412b-414b. It has bee
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35 Private Property, Private Intere
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36 The City as a Whole See 419a-423
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37 Lawfulness Internalized, Legisla
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38 Wisdom in the City See 427d-429a
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40 Temperance in the City See 430d-
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Back families you may be fortunate
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pleasures of the body, with sensual
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43 The Spirited Part of the Soul Se
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Back sufficient to prove that Socra
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Back appetitive part can be educate
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Book V
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47 The Natures of Men and Women See
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Back Consider school sports teams.
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Back
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50 The Waging of War See 466c-471e.
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51 Philosophers and Knowledge of th
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Back imagined on the other? If so,
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52 The Virtues of the Philosopher S
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Back Is the kind of understanding
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Back Do the people who would make
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Back provided to ordinary students?
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57 The Form of the Good See 504a-50
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58 Every Soul Pursues the Good See
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60 Degrees of Clarity (the Line) Se
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Book VII
Page 112 and 113: Back lead them out of the cave? Wh
Page 114 and 115: 63 The Craft of Education See 518b-
Page 116 and 117: 65 Numbers as Summoners See 521c-52
Page 118 and 119: 66 Further Mathematical Studies See
Page 120 and 121: 68 Selecting Students for Philosoph
Page 122 and 123: 70 Completing the Education of the
Page 124 and 125: Book VIII
Page 126 and 127: Back authority, or would it be harm
Page 128 and 129: (chivalry and bushido respectively)
Page 130 and 131: 75 The Oligarchic City See 550c-552
Page 132 and 133: 76 The Oligarchic Soul See 553a-555
Page 134 and 135: 77 The Democratic City See 555b-558
Page 136 and 137: 78 The Democratic Soul See 558c-562
Page 138 and 139: 79 The Tyrannical City See 562a-569
Page 140 and 141: Book IX
Page 142 and 143: 81 The Right Way to Fall Asleep See
Page 144 and 145: Back Imagine a person who is obses
Page 146 and 147: Back What about the democratic cit
Page 148 and 149: 85 The Third Proof: True Pleasures
Page 150 and 151: Back Socrates likens the people wh
Page 152 and 153: 87 An Emblem of the Soul See 588b-5
Page 154 and 155: 88 Will the Just Person Take Part i
Page 156 and 157: 89 Return to Poetry See 595a. In Bo
Page 158 and 159: truth are highly entertaining. Cons
Page 160 and 161: 92 A Call to Poetry’s Defenders S
Page 164 and 165: 96 Suffering, Philosophy, and the C
Page 166 and 167: INDEX Numbers are to the 96 section
Page 168 and 169: Definition, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 29, 38,
Page 170 and 171: 43, 74, 90, 96 Homosexuality, 16 Ho
Page 172 and 173: Painters and painting, 19, 29, 56,
Page 174 and 175: 79, 82, 83 Suffering, 6, 12, 14, 22
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The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guide to Plato’s Republic, 2016a

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