The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guide to Plato’s Republic, 2016a

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50 The Waging of War See 466c-471e. In the event of war, male and female auxiliaries are to campaign together. The sturdiest of their children, mounted upon swift horses, are to be taken along as well, so that they can learn their craft alongside experienced adults, assisting and observing wherever they can do so in reasonable safety. In battle, the adults are expected to be courageous. Those who run away out of cowardice will no longer be permitted to serve as auxiliaries. They are not to allow themselves to be captured, and they are not to be ransomed if they are captured. Extraordinary valor is, however, to be rewarded – with feasting, hymns, seats of honor, and the privilege to kiss and be kissed by whomever one desires. Distinguished deaths in battle are to receive special funerals, and the memory of the fallen is to be preserved. It is to be said that these men and women go on after death to become noble guardian spirits. With respect to the conduct of war, certain rules are to be followed: Greeks are not to be enslaved; enemy corpses are not to be stripped of valuables (a traditional, and at times tactically unfortunate, practice among the Greeks); enemy forces are to be allowed to collect their dead; enemy arms are not to be displayed as trophies in the temples (something Athens did at the time, to the dishonor of the cities it defeated); and although it is permissible to carry off the enemy’s stored harvest, the land itself is not to be ravaged, nor the houses burnt. The “attitude of mind” of combatants should be that “of people who will one day be reconciled and who won’t always be at war.” Would it be wrong to encourage children nowadays who aspire to be soldiers to experience real warfare? (Consider the practice in the past of assigning boys in training to be naval officers to serve as “midshipmen,” apprentices to the ship’s captain.) Perhaps, given the effectiveness of missile weapons in the present day this would be inappropriate. Still, children could help out at air bases and support camps. Why might Socrates think a distinction should be recognized in warfare between opponents who are Greeks and those who are non-Greeks? It has sometimes been said that the rules and ideals of morality are irrelevant
Back in a state of war – that soldiers, for instance, cannot be courteous or compassionate towards people they are trying to kill – except perhaps in situations of overwhelming military advantage, or when peace is in sight. Is there such a thing as waging war ethically, or is war, by its very nature, hellish?
Page 2 and 3:
The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guid
Page 4 and 5:
19 Luxuries in the Just City 20 The
Page 6 and 7:
Book IX 80 Lawless Desires 81 The R
Page 8 and 9:
Book I
Page 10 and 11:
Back Is it possible to persuade a
Page 12 and 13:
3 Treasure for Heaven See 329d-331b
Page 14 and 15:
5 The Craft of Justice See 332b-334
Page 16 and 17:
6 Benefiting Friends and Harming En
Page 18 and 19:
7 The Advantage of the Stronger See
Page 20 and 21:
8 The Good Shepherd See 339a-348b.
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9 The Blushing Argument See 348b-35
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10 Function, Virtue, and the Soul S
Page 26 and 27:
Book II
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12 The Social Contract Theory of Ju
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14 The Challenge See 360e-362c. Soc
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15 The Teaching of Justice See 362c
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16 Glaucon’s Lover See 368a. Not
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18 Making the Most of Differences S
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20 The Good Soldier See 374a-376e.
Page 40 and 41: 22 Gods Causing Bad Things See 377d
Page 42 and 43: 23 Gods in Disguise or Speaking Fal
Page 44 and 45: 24 Fear and Grief See 386a-388e. So
Page 46 and 47: Back Can a distinction be made bet
Page 48 and 49: 27 Narrative Style and Personal Int
Page 50 and 51: 28 The Emotional Power of Tune and
Page 52 and 53: 29 Love of the Fine and Beautiful S
Page 54 and 55: sexually attractive the lovers may
Page 56 and 57: 31 Doctors and Judges See 405a-410a
Page 58 and 59: 32 Harmony in the Soul See 410a-412
Page 60 and 61: 33 Rulers See 412b-414b. It has bee
Page 62 and 63: 35 Private Property, Private Intere
Page 64 and 65: 36 The City as a Whole See 419a-423
Page 66 and 67: 37 Lawfulness Internalized, Legisla
Page 68 and 69: 38 Wisdom in the City See 427d-429a
Page 70 and 71: 40 Temperance in the City See 430d-
Page 72 and 73: Back families you may be fortunate
Page 74 and 75: pleasures of the body, with sensual
Page 76 and 77: 43 The Spirited Part of the Soul Se
Page 78 and 79: Back sufficient to prove that Socra
Page 80 and 81: Back appetitive part can be educate
Page 82 and 83: Book V
Page 84 and 85: 47 The Natures of Men and Women See
Page 86 and 87: Back Consider school sports teams.
Page 88 and 89: Back
Page 92 and 93: 51 Philosophers and Knowledge of th
Page 94 and 95: Back imagined on the other? If so,
Page 96 and 97: 52 The Virtues of the Philosopher S
Page 98 and 99: Back Is the kind of understanding
Page 100 and 101: Back Do the people who would make
Page 102 and 103: Back provided to ordinary students?
Page 104 and 105: 57 The Form of the Good See 504a-50
Page 106 and 107: 58 Every Soul Pursues the Good See
Page 108 and 109: 60 Degrees of Clarity (the Line) Se
Page 110 and 111: Book VII
Page 112 and 113: Back lead them out of the cave? Wh
Page 114 and 115: 63 The Craft of Education See 518b-
Page 116 and 117: 65 Numbers as Summoners See 521c-52
Page 118 and 119: 66 Further Mathematical Studies See
Page 120 and 121: 68 Selecting Students for Philosoph
Page 122 and 123: 70 Completing the Education of the
Page 124 and 125: Book VIII
Page 126 and 127: Back authority, or would it be harm
Page 128 and 129: (chivalry and bushido respectively)
Page 130 and 131: 75 The Oligarchic City See 550c-552
Page 132 and 133: 76 The Oligarchic Soul See 553a-555
Page 134 and 135: 77 The Democratic City See 555b-558
Page 136 and 137: 78 The Democratic Soul See 558c-562
Page 138 and 139: 79 The Tyrannical City See 562a-569
Page 140 and 141:
Book IX
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81 The Right Way to Fall Asleep See
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Back Imagine a person who is obses
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Back What about the democratic cit
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85 The Third Proof: True Pleasures
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Back Socrates likens the people wh
Page 152 and 153:
87 An Emblem of the Soul See 588b-5
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88 Will the Just Person Take Part i
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89 Return to Poetry See 595a. In Bo
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truth are highly entertaining. Cons
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92 A Call to Poetry’s Defenders S
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94 The Soul Without Barnacles See 6
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96 Suffering, Philosophy, and the C
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INDEX Numbers are to the 96 section
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Definition, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 29, 38,
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43, 74, 90, 96 Homosexuality, 16 Ho
Page 172 and 173:
Painters and painting, 19, 29, 56,
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79, 82, 83 Suffering, 6, 12, 14, 22
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The Intelligent Troglodyte’s Guide to Plato’s Republic, 2016a

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