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he is happy Caesar has a son, but when Antony asks Octavian, Caesar’s<br />

nephew and heir, if he is upset, Octavian keeps his opinions to himself.<br />

Caesar at last departs from Egypt, promising to send for Cleopatra and the<br />

child. Two years later, he arrives in <strong>Rome</strong>, honored as a victorious general<br />

in a glorious triumph. After a third year, Cleopatra grows impatient. Rufio<br />

finally announces Caesar has been named “dictator for life” and has sent<br />

for her to come to <strong>Rome</strong>.<br />

On the day of Cleopatra’s arrival, a purple-clad Caesar sits on the dais<br />

to watch her procession as it enters the Forum. Alongside him are Octavian<br />

and Antony, while the senators and noble ladies, including Calpurnia,<br />

watch from their seats. The Roman people are delighted by the spectacle<br />

of exotic dancers and parading soldiers. Cleopatra emerges through the<br />

arch seated next to her son, Caesarion, both of them dressed in gold, atop<br />

an immense Egyptian Sphinx of black granite pulled by an army of brawny<br />

servants. Caesar is elated by the sight, and Antony is intrigued. When the<br />

queen approaches Caesar, she and the child bow before him for all to see,<br />

in a gesture to acknowledge his status and power in <strong>Rome</strong>. Gossip runs<br />

wild in the city as Caesar spends time with Cleopatra and their son. Caesar<br />

becomes annoyed with the protocols of the Senate approval process and<br />

starts to desire more concrete power than “dictator” to effect changes in<br />

<strong>Rome</strong>. He demands they make him “emperor.” <strong>Rome</strong> will not tolerate a<br />

king, and some of the senators are alarmed by Caesar’s attempt to establish<br />

sole rule, so they induce Brutus to destroy Caesar. When Caesar reveals<br />

the Senate is set to vote on extending his authority, both Antony and<br />

Cleopatra encourage him to solidify his power. But after several bad omens,<br />

a worried Cleopatra warns Caesar to be careful. On the Ides of March 44<br />

bc, a mob of senators led by Brutus and Cassius attacks Caesar, stabbing<br />

him to death next to a statue of Pompey. The body is brought to the<br />

Forum and burned on a pyre. After the murder, Octavian, not Antony, is<br />

proclaimed Caesar’s heir. That night, Antony visits Cleopatra as she is<br />

about to set sail on the Tiber. After a tense exchange, they make a pact to<br />

meet again.<br />

Part 2. At the battle of Philippi in 42 bc, Mark Antony has led a successful<br />

campaign against the assassins of Julius Caesar, Brutus and Cassius,<br />

now dead. Antony is hailed by the army as the victorious general, while<br />

his rival, the sickly Octavian, ails in his tent. Antony cannot hide his<br />

dislike of Octavian, and the officer loyal to him, Agrippa. Yet Antony and<br />

Octavian decide to form a triumvirate with Lepidus, a politician, and<br />

agree to divide the empire: Lepidus will take Africa, Octavian will get Italy,<br />

Spain, and Gaul, while Antony will control the East. Antony sets up his<br />

CLEOPATRA (1963) 125

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