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Bibliography The following lists include references mentioned in the preceding chapters as well as items of interest for further reading. 1 Primary Sources Augustus Caesar (1969) Res Gestae Divi Augusti: The Achievements of the Divine Augustus. Ed. with introduction and commentary by P. A. Brunt and J. M. Moore. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Douglas, Lloyd C. (1942) The Robe. Rpt. 1999. Introduction by Andrew M. Greeley. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin. Fast, Howard (1951) Spartacus. New edn. with introduction by the author, 1996. Armonk, NY and London: North Castle Books. Livy (1959) History of Rome, volume XIV: Summaries and Fragments. Tr. A. C. Schlesinger. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Marcus Aurelius (2003) Meditations. Tr. with introduction by Gregory Hays. New York: The Modern Library. Miller, Robert J., ed. (1994) The Complete Gospels: Annotated Scholar’s Version. 3rd edn. Santa Rosa, CA: Polebridge Press. Sienkiewicz, Henryk (1993) Quo Vadis? Tr. H. C. Kuniczak. Rpt. 2004. New York: Hippocrene. First published in 1896. Suetonius (1980) The Twelve Caesars. Tr. Robert Graves. Revised edn. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Tacitus (1971) The Annals of Imperial Rome. Tr. Michael Grant. Revised edn. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Wallace, Lew (1998) Ben-Hur. Ed. David Mayer. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. First published in 1880. BIBLIOGRAPHY 257
2 Reference Maltin, Leonard, et al. (1995) Leonard Maltin’s Movie Encyclopedia. New York: Penguin. 3 On Ancient History and Culture Barton, Carlin A. (1993) The Sorrows of the Ancient Romans: The Gladiator and the Monster. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Bradley, Keith R. (1989) Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World, 140 B.C.–70 B.C. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Bradley, Keith R. (1994) Slavery and Society at Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Carcopino, Jerome (1940) Daily Life in Ancient Rome: The People and the City at the Height of the Empire. New Haven: Yale University Press. Futrell, Alison (1997) Blood in the Arena: The Spectacle of Roman Power. Austin: University of Texas Press. Gibbon, Edward (1993) The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. 6 vols. New York: Everyman’s Library. First published 1776–88. Grant, Michael (1978) History of Rome. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Hopkins, Keith (1978) Conquerors and Slaves. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hughes-Hallett, Lucy (1990) Cleopatra: Histories, Dreams and Distortions. New York: HarperCollins. Malam, John (2002) Gladiator: Life and Death in Ancient Rome. London: Dorling Kindersley. Plass, Paul (1995) The Game of Death in Ancient Rome: Arena Sport and Political Suicide. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. Potter, David S. and Mattingly, David J., eds. (1999) Life, Death and Entertainment in the Roman Empire. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Shaw, Brent D. (2001) Spartacus and the Slave Wars: A Brief History with Documents. Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s Press. 4 On Ancient Literature Forehand, Walter E. (1985) Terence. Boston: Twayne. Konstan, David (1983) Roman Comedy. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. McCarthy, Kathleen (2000) Slaves, Masters, and the Art of Authority in Plautine Comedy. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press. 258 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Big Screen Rome
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BIG SCREEN ROME Monica Silveira Cyr
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Contents List of Illustrations vi A
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11 A Funny Thing Happened on the Wa
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permissions were secured in part wi
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Map 1 The city of Rome in the imper
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R P I D A C I A M O Sarmizegetusa C
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provocative combination of dignity
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chapters examine how both films use
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duty and desire set against the mon
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Plot Outline It is the summer of ad
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Plate 1 Quo Vadis. Petronius (Leo G
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a soldier kills Tigellinus, calling
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of Rome. Their obstinate refusal to
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he was also condemned to death. The
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associated with the Catholic Polish
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ambivalent one, given the glitterin
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This is the Appian Way, the most fa
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suggestive of the illumination she
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in historical epic films (Winkler,
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narrative and thematic focus also s
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later decades evolved into the Amer
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Peter. Eunice is the slave of Petro
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Chapter 2 The Robe (1953) The great
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Plate 3 The Robe. Marcellus (Richar
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on the command of the new emperor,
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him to retire to the island of Rhod
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of the Senate, the institution was
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of Caesarea, the prefect would spen
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of the changes in Catholicism that
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of showing off the enduring power,
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have made a great empress, thus hig
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would also play Odysseus in Helen o
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crime as a Roman citizen who has jo
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Hollywood artists who sold out duri
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Demetrius, and his jealous rage whe
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Plot Outline In the Roman province
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Judah, his mother and sister are le
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farewell: they embrace and kiss, an
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voice take the sword out of my hand
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throughout the countryside around G
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of people during its twenty-year ru
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Since Ben-Hur was in preparation lo
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technology, in particular the newly
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forceful, almost fanatical, speeche
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emperor’s offer of Roman citizens
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Messala, as Esther recounts her mem
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The appearances of Jesus are few an
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War to condemn oppressive foreign t
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poisoned by Rome, as he tells Pilat
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CORE ISSUES 1 How does the film por
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Plot Outline In the mines of North
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Plate 7 Spartacus. Draba (Woody Str
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army, losing nineteen thousand men
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second broke out in 104 and was que
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At this time, gladiatorial combat w
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Senate had no choice but to yield.
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the Communist Party of the United S
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the first time in thirteen years. T
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the slave movement with the migrati
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From this point, the film divides i
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At the heart of the new slave famil
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Antoninus dies in the arms of Spart
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Plate 8 Spartacus. Varinia (Jean Si
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learning from their mistakes; Gracc
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complaint.” As Gracchus observes
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Spartacus continues the epic cinema
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Plot Outline Part 1. On the battlef
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Plate 9 Cleopatra. Cleopatra (Eliza
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command at Tarsus in Asia Minor, an
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knowing he is the undisputed master
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Later, Ptolemy XIII fled and was fo
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Antony came to Tarsus in Cilicia wh
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for future campaigns. Early in 34 b
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honored her request for burial with
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Extra-cinematic commentary also sug
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The script, based on C. M. Franzero
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Plate 10 Cleopatra. Mark Antony (Ri
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as Caesar, but is best known for hi
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eginning of the second half after t
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desertion: I from myself.” As he
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majesty and power are displayed, Ta
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the United Nations was composed lar
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modern sex scandal. When Cleopatra
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desire for sons, as she articulates
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4 How does the film use the spectac
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kind and rather dim-witted gentlema
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Plate 11 A Funny Thing Happened on
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productions, and often acted in the
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shared experience of every society
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1996, with Nathan Lane, who also wo
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In A Funny Thing Happened on the Wa
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series of preposterous sight gags,
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freedom and the pleasures of uninhi
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Chapter 7 Monty Python’s Life of
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178 MONTY PYTHON’S LIFE OF BRIAN
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autonomous part of the Roman provin
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Silly Walks,” with their in-jokes
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different religious sects, the earn
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censorship that varied from region
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may provide some inspiration for th
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obstacle to group ideals. Because t
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The cartoon construction during the
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Chapter 8 History of the World, Par
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Ancient Background The Roman Empire
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was the protagonist’s inability t
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in classic epics like Quo Vadis, Be
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202 HISTORY OF THE WORLD, PART I (1
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or shocking, hidden by the generic
Page 221 and 222: 3 How does the sequence incorporate
Page 223 and 224: Plot Outline In the year ad 180, th
Page 225 and 226: vets them with color codes. Maximus
Page 227 and 228: from the upper stands. Commodus inf
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Page 233 and 234: morale of Roman legionaries on long
Page 235 and 236: unit known for their courage, high
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Page 239 and 240: In contrast to earlier epics like Q
Page 241 and 242: gladiator epic that would reflect c
Page 243 and 244: $3 million. A dedication in the clo
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Page 247 and 248: The film hinges almost completely o
Page 249 and 250: with the reluctance of Maximus to a
Page 251 and 252: attitudes about female political sk
Page 253 and 254: hero Maximus, an event that leaves
Page 255 and 256: Earlier epic films traditionally si
Page 257 and 258: laughs bitterly through tears when
Page 259 and 260: his new gladiator idol, as he waits
Page 261 and 262: 246 GLADIATOR (2000) Plate 15 Gladi
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Page 265 and 266: the provincial arena in Zucchabar,
Page 267 and 268: the words of Maximus’ prayer in a
Page 269 and 270: The field of wheat is thus a symbol
Page 271: city, Maximus becomes a symbol both
Page 275 and 276: Killed Spartacus? How Studio Censor
Page 277 and 278: Index Page numbers in italic refer
Page 279 and 280: Caesar, Sid 166, 197 Caesarea 44, 6
Page 281 and 282: Falco (Gladiator) 208, 210, 212 The
Page 283 and 284: Jackson, Peter 83 Jacoby, Georg 18
Page 285 and 286: musical scores A Funny Thing Happen
Page 287 and 288: The Road Warrior 230 The Robe 3, 22
Page 289: Via Appia 11, 12, 21, 24, 95, 99, 1
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