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Contents List of Illustrations vi Acknowledgments viii Maps x Introduction 1 1 Quo Vadis (1951) 7 2 The Robe (1953) 34 3 Ben-Hur (1959) 59 4 Spartacus (1960) 89 5 Cleopatra (1963) 121 6 A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1966) 159 7 Monty Python’s Life of Brian (1979) 176 8 History of the World, Part I: The Roman Empire Sequence (1981) 194 9 Gladiator (2000) 207 Bibliography 257 Index 262
Illustrations 1 Quo Vadis. Petronius (Leo Genn) and the imperial courtiers stare in horror as Nero (Peter Ustinov) plays the lyre during the Great Fire of <strong>Rome</strong> 10 2 Quo Vadis. Marcus (Robert Taylor) and Lygia (Deborah Kerr) share a final embrace in prison before she is taken into the arena 25 3 The Robe. Marcellus (Richard Burton) and other Roman soldiers gamble at the scene of the crucifixion while Demetrius (Victor Mature) watches 36 4 The Robe. Diana (Jean Simmons) receives the robe from Marcellus (Richard Burton) after Caligula (Jay Robinson) sentences him to death 51 5 Ben-Hur. Boyhood friends Messala (Stephen Boyd) and Judah (Charlton Heston) are reunited at the garrison in Judaea 61 6 Ben-Hur. Messala (Stephen Boyd) and Judah (Charlton Heston) compete against each other in the chariot race 77 7 Spartacus. Draba (Woody Strode) and Spartacus (Kirk Douglas) fight in the arena at the gladiator school in Capua to entertain the Roman nobles 92 8 Spartacus. Varinia (Jean Simmons) and Spartacus (Kirk Douglas) experience a quiet moment during their march for freedom 114 9 Cleopatra. Cleopatra (Elizabeth Taylor) is crowned Queen of Egypt, as Julius Caesar (Rex Harrison) looks on approvingly 124 10 Cleopatra. Mark Antony (Richard Burton) and Cleopatra (Elizabeth Taylor) vow never to forget their love for each other 142
Page 2 and 3: Big Screen Rome
Page 4 and 5: BIG SCREEN ROME Monica Silveira Cyr
Page 8 and 9: 11 A Funny Thing Happened on the Wa
Page 10 and 11: permissions were secured in part wi
Page 12 and 13: Map 1 The city of Rome in the imper
Page 14: R P I D A C I A M O Sarmizegetusa C
Page 17 and 18: provocative combination of dignity
Page 19 and 20: chapters examine how both films use
Page 21 and 22: duty and desire set against the mon
Page 23 and 24: Plot Outline It is the summer of ad
Page 25 and 26: Plate 1 Quo Vadis. Petronius (Leo G
Page 27 and 28: a soldier kills Tigellinus, calling
Page 29 and 30: of Rome. Their obstinate refusal to
Page 31 and 32: he was also condemned to death. The
Page 33 and 34: associated with the Catholic Polish
Page 35 and 36: ambivalent one, given the glitterin
Page 37 and 38: This is the Appian Way, the most fa
Page 39 and 40: suggestive of the illumination she
Page 41 and 42: in historical epic films (Winkler,
Page 43 and 44: narrative and thematic focus also s
Page 45 and 46: later decades evolved into the Amer
Page 47 and 48: Peter. Eunice is the slave of Petro
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 2 The Robe (1953) The great
Page 51 and 52: Plate 3 The Robe. Marcellus (Richar
Page 53 and 54: on the command of the new emperor,
Page 55 and 56: him to retire to the island of Rhod
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of the Senate, the institution was
Page 59 and 60:
of Caesarea, the prefect would spen
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of the changes in Catholicism that
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of showing off the enduring power,
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have made a great empress, thus hig
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would also play Odysseus in Helen o
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crime as a Roman citizen who has jo
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Hollywood artists who sold out duri
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Demetrius, and his jealous rage whe
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Plot Outline In the Roman province
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Judah, his mother and sister are le
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farewell: they embrace and kiss, an
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voice take the sword out of my hand
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throughout the countryside around G
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of people during its twenty-year ru
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Since Ben-Hur was in preparation lo
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technology, in particular the newly
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forceful, almost fanatical, speeche
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emperor’s offer of Roman citizens
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Messala, as Esther recounts her mem
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The appearances of Jesus are few an
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War to condemn oppressive foreign t
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poisoned by Rome, as he tells Pilat
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CORE ISSUES 1 How does the film por
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Plot Outline In the mines of North
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Plate 7 Spartacus. Draba (Woody Str
Page 109 and 110:
army, losing nineteen thousand men
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second broke out in 104 and was que
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At this time, gladiatorial combat w
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Senate had no choice but to yield.
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the Communist Party of the United S
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the first time in thirteen years. T
Page 121 and 122:
the slave movement with the migrati
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From this point, the film divides i
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At the heart of the new slave famil
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Antoninus dies in the arms of Spart
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Plate 8 Spartacus. Varinia (Jean Si
Page 131 and 132:
learning from their mistakes; Gracc
Page 133 and 134:
complaint.” As Gracchus observes
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Spartacus continues the epic cinema
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Plot Outline Part 1. On the battlef
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Plate 9 Cleopatra. Cleopatra (Eliza
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command at Tarsus in Asia Minor, an
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knowing he is the undisputed master
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Later, Ptolemy XIII fled and was fo
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Antony came to Tarsus in Cilicia wh
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for future campaigns. Early in 34 b
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honored her request for burial with
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Extra-cinematic commentary also sug
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The script, based on C. M. Franzero
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Plate 10 Cleopatra. Mark Antony (Ri
Page 159 and 160:
as Caesar, but is best known for hi
Page 161 and 162:
eginning of the second half after t
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desertion: I from myself.” As he
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majesty and power are displayed, Ta
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the United Nations was composed lar
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modern sex scandal. When Cleopatra
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desire for sons, as she articulates
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4 How does the film use the spectac
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kind and rather dim-witted gentlema
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Plate 11 A Funny Thing Happened on
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productions, and often acted in the
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shared experience of every society
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1996, with Nathan Lane, who also wo
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In A Funny Thing Happened on the Wa
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series of preposterous sight gags,
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freedom and the pleasures of uninhi
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Chapter 7 Monty Python’s Life of
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178 MONTY PYTHON’S LIFE OF BRIAN
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autonomous part of the Roman provin
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Silly Walks,” with their in-jokes
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different religious sects, the earn
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censorship that varied from region
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may provide some inspiration for th
Page 205 and 206:
obstacle to group ideals. Because t
Page 207 and 208:
The cartoon construction during the
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Chapter 8 History of the World, Par
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Ancient Background The Roman Empire
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was the protagonist’s inability t
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in classic epics like Quo Vadis, Be
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202 HISTORY OF THE WORLD, PART I (1
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or shocking, hidden by the generic
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3 How does the sequence incorporate
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Plot Outline In the year ad 180, th
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vets them with color codes. Maximus
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from the upper stands. Commodus inf
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to 98. Nerva’s most significant a
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most of the last decade of his reig
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morale of Roman legionaries on long
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unit known for their courage, high
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38). Although dismayed by the games
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In contrast to earlier epics like Q
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gladiator epic that would reflect c
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$3 million. A dedication in the clo
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soft, admiring light of nostalgia.
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The film hinges almost completely o
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with the reluctance of Maximus to a
Page 251 and 252:
attitudes about female political sk
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hero Maximus, an event that leaves
Page 255 and 256:
Earlier epic films traditionally si
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laughs bitterly through tears when
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his new gladiator idol, as he waits
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246 GLADIATOR (2000) Plate 15 Gladi
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“Fear and wonder,” Senator Grac
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the provincial arena in Zucchabar,
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the words of Maximus’ prayer in a
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The field of wheat is thus a symbol
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city, Maximus becomes a symbol both
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2 Reference Maltin, Leonard, et al.
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Killed Spartacus? How Studio Censor
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Index Page numbers in italic refer
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Caesar, Sid 166, 197 Caesarea 44, 6
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Falco (Gladiator) 208, 210, 212 The
Page 283 and 284:
Jackson, Peter 83 Jacoby, Georg 18
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musical scores A Funny Thing Happen
Page 287 and 288:
The Road Warrior 230 The Robe 3, 22
Page 289:
Via Appia 11, 12, 21, 24, 95, 99, 1
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