The Origins of a Free Press in Prerevolutionary ... - Web Publishing

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193 Virginia printer and the output of his press. As this was the only source of mass media produced in the colony, this had a serious impact on the breadth of civic discourse generated by print. The new stamp tax severely threatened Royle’s increasing retail business. At the same time, some readers clearly had become dissatisfied with the content of the only Virginia newspaper. The repeated refusals by Royle to print controversial material had a limiting influence on discourse. Many residents with leanings toward the emerging patriot cause were unhappy with royalist control of the only media outlet in the colony. Something had to be done.
194
Page 4:
Dedication To my late father, Curti
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Chapter 7 Reactions in the Chesapea
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Foreword by David Waldstreicher Rog
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Acknowledgements This work could no
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2 typical of Colonial Virginians of
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4 political leaders, even the King,
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6 related, the relationship of prin
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8 the press, a declared freedom tha
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10 colony, and demonstrates how pri
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12 print and popular use of the pri
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14 expand, grow in importance, and
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16 in overcrowded conditions. Once
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18 in England that the colony had a
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20 sheets of those printed laws, Go
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22 to control dissent by the opposi
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24 was about 144,000 people, with a
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26 of the “simple folk.” 37 Thi
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28 and aristocracy, as they came mo
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30 journals made public. This appea
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32 A printing house was a major inv
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34 after the mid-eighteenth century
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36 percent and women’s about 30 p
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38 Whatever the original intent, pr
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40 Printing the laws, Eisenstein su
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42 Governor William Gooch was the a
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44 monopoly of power. 91 An increas
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46 Resolved, That it is the undoubt
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48 alienating anyone in power. 103
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50 approved by the Governor’s Cou
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52 that of a press that should cont
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54 ideas about the role of print wi
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56 and popular prints, more driven
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58 tells much about both the way th
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60 The earliest Chesapeake printers
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62 Printer William Parks noted that
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64 to found The Spectator with Jose
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66 public discourse. This appears t
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68 arrived in the Chesapeake via Lo
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70 Postal service was an extremely
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72 “Enter’d in the Upper Distri
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74 using an additional six pages of
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76 and relatives) made up the major
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78 more than two full pages of adve
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80 eventually gained in power, and
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82 issues. 63 The institution of th
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84 Hunter “be the Moderator of ou
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86 allow for a free exchange of a s
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88 improved communication, but news
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90 The limits of public debate in V
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92 criticism of the British governm
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94 Gentlemen. It was my unhappiness
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96 the power structure. From a pres
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98 from the multidisciplinary field
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100 Indian medicine. By the mid-eig
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102 probably because they were used
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104 While designed to be useful and
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106 One Maryland almanac had advice
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108 about political pamphlets and n
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110 the United States, but did not
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112 crisis, just as the tax on pape
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114 small amounts in the Virginia a
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116 opinion leaders. Such influenti
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118 permits separation of verbal th
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120 and alienation, it can also int
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122 dependent on the very culture i
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124 the knowledge they incorporated
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126 When printed material became a
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128 with interleaved pages. He reco
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130 This section included entertain
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132 it had real economic and social
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134 discourse, and even the public
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136 print remain under-explored. 9
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138 A fairly large number of Virgin
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140 as enabling discourse by non-el
Page 155 and 156: 142 sold in Williamsburg in 1756. 2
Page 157 and 158: 144 Complaint” begins by pointing
Page 159 and 160: 146 a woman requesting a response f
Page 161 and 162: 148 Pen.)” 49 This writer may hav
Page 163 and 164: 150 Women’s involvement with prin
Page 165 and 166: 152 mass media available. Communica
Page 167 and 168: 154 equality, “One Sex was not de
Page 169 and 170: 156 women’s involvement in the ph
Page 171 and 172: 158 to the 1730s, to the very origi
Page 173 and 174: 160
Page 175 and 176: 162 ensued. In the summer of 1764,
Page 177 and 178: 164 among the printers and between
Page 179 and 180: 166 than two shillings. The tax on
Page 181 and 182: 168 which openly invaded the first
Page 183 and 184: 170 Extracts of Letters, &c. respec
Page 185 and 186: 172 assembly what action he should
Page 187 and 188: 174 Williamsburg paper did not ment
Page 189 and 190: 176 successors to print laws and th
Page 191 and 192: 178 While Royle did still receive
Page 193 and 194: 180 Sentiments of their own Rights
Page 195 and 196: 182 estimates that by this period,
Page 197 and 198: 184 in Charles-Town, South Carolina
Page 199 and 200: 186 in the colonies has been theori
Page 201 and 202: 188 many as four or five coffeehous
Page 203 and 204: 190 Jürgen Habermas viewed such ci
Page 205: 192 with the religious Great Awaken
Page 209 and 210: 196 specifically from the former pr
Page 211 and 212: 198 and Richard D. Brown noted, kno
Page 213 and 214: 200 little afford to offend powerfu
Page 215 and 216: 202 period and was more boring afte
Page 217 and 218: 204 This author claimed that Royle
Page 219 and 220: 206 Historians have generally agree
Page 221 and 222: 208 1935 article, where he wrote,
Page 223 and 224: 210 Rind, with only minor discrepan
Page 225 and 226: 212 Street that belonged to Philip
Page 227 and 228: 214 has ever been Established in th
Page 229 and 230: 216 authority. 54 The newspaper in
Page 231 and 232: 218 Judges of the General Court, ou
Page 233 and 234: 220 was now political material with
Page 235 and 236: 222 Going beyond questions of memor
Page 237 and 238: 224 of deference was giving way to
Page 239 and 240: 226 the United States’ Bill of Ri
Page 241 and 242: 228 intended to “wipe out the com
Page 243 and 244: 230 interpretation as being too nar
Page 245 and 246: 232 business advantages that the fr
Page 247 and 248: 234 the Virginia House of Burgesses
Page 249 and 250: 236 “great bulwark of our Constit
Page 251 and 252: 238 cultural customs and behavior.
Page 253 and 254: 240 contending writers that pay the
Page 255 and 256: 242 new burgess was not mentioned,
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244 that seditious libel was becomi
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246 restricting freedom of the pres
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248 attacks on Wilkes’ newspaper.
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250 colonial legislature in 1770, h
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252 part of our government can main
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254 George Mason and Rights Declare
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256 both Richard Henry Lee’s and
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258 paragraphs of Mason’s Declara
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260 There is no conclusive document
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262 Henry had arranged with printer
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264 ministry. 112 “A free press w
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266 Connecticut replied, “It is u
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268 heavy duties on the printing of
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270 means merely the absence of pri
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272 people peaceably to assemble an
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274 amendments, he informed the gov
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276 Despite the evidence underminin
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278 simply being a restriction on p
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280 himself—through the aid of pr
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282 While Habermas theorized about
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284 new contextualizing of the orig
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286 Americans instead of British. 1
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288
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290
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292 Congress, Great Britain PRO CO
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294 Charlottesville: published for
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296 Hoffman, Paul P., ed. Guide to
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298 Morton, Richard L. Colonial Vir
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300 Barker, Hannah and Simon Burrow
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302 Kraus, Sidney and Dennis Davis.
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304 Articles: Anderson, David. “T
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306 Smith, Stephen A. “The Origin
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308
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310 Bill of Rights, 4, 7, 11, 226,
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312 Dulany, Daniel, 180 Dunmore, Go
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314 King Charles, 21 King George I,
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316 North Briton, The, 223, 247, 24
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318 Rawson, David, 23, 36, 125, 155
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320 Virginia Resolves, 169 Virginia
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