American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy

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system, stimulating the glandular apparatus of the intestinal tract to more perfect secretion, and increasing peristaltic action. It is especially indicated in torpidity or atonicity, quickly restoring functional activity. It is not a cathartic in the common acceptation of the term, but by restoring normal function, by its tonic influence, bowel movement of a natural character follows. It does not mechanically liquefy and empty the intestinal canal, but it restores normal elasticity and tone to the relaxed structures, and natural vermicular motion and peristaltic action, exercising a direct influence upon muscular structure of the intestinal walls. It materially influences the venous and capillary circulation of the entire intestinal tract, thus proving of much value in hemorrhoids. Administration—In prescribing cascara for the cure of chronic constipation, large doses at the first are undesirable. If a single dose, so large as to produce a cathartic effect be administered, subsequent small doses will prove insufficient to restore tone, and the constipation will remain unless the large dose is constantly repeated. If a dose of from two to ten drops in a proper vehicle be given, three, four or five times daily for many days, even if the constipation does not at first yield, the effects after a few days are usually salutary. There is a normal movement in the morning and the habit of regular evacuation can be soon fixed, and as the agent is continued the dose may be slowly decreased until a single drop at each dose is given. Finally, a single small dose morning and night may be continued for a time and then stopped, the bowels continuing their normal action. If constipation pre-exists, it is well to give a simple laxative or to flush the bowels thoroughly with some other agent before beginning the use of this, to overcome the chronic condition. The results can be sooner obtained also by smaller doses. Therapy—Large doses of the agent produce colic and are seldom needed. In the temporary constipation of pregnancy or in the convalescence of acute disease, doses of from one-fourth to one-half dram in a tonic mixture, preferably of malt extract, taken at the bed hour will be most satisfactory. Often a single dose followed by a glass of cold water on rising will have a salutary effect. This is true of constipation extending over a short period, not necessarily chronic. To produce an immediate effect as a physic, a dram of the fluid extract should be given, and it will probably Ellingwood’s American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy - Page 371
induce some pain. The agent should not be used in this active form for its immediate effects during the pregnant term, as its irritating influence may be sufficient to produce miscarriage. Cascara in medium doses is an efficient agent in gastric or intestinal catarrh. It quickly restores the normal tone of the mucous membranes, suspending undue secretion and acting in perfect harmony with other measures adopted. It is a useful remedy in many cases of chronic indigestion and in chronic disease of the liver. It has been used in cirrhosis with the best of results. It is useful in jaundice with deficient excretion of bile, and corrects catarrh of the bile duct. It is useful in diarrhea, subacute or chronic, depending on deficient liver action, and upon catarrhal and atonic conditions of the intestinal tract. In 1886 quite an interest was excited by the assertion of Goodwin, of New York, that cascara was an excellent remedy for rheumatism. Many experimented with it and some reported excellent results, but its use for this purpose has not been continued. It is, however, of value in the treatment of those cases where gastric and intestinal disorders are present, given in conjunction with more specific agents. RHEUM Rheum officinale. Synonyms—Rhubarb, Chinese or Turkey Rhubarb. CONSTITUENTS— Chrysophan, phaeoretin, erythrorrhetin, aporetin, chrysophanic acid, rheotannic acid, emodin, gallic acid, rheumic acid, calcium oxalate, sugar, starch, salts. PREPARATIONS— Extractum Rhei, Extract of Rhubarb. Dose, from ten to fifteen grains. Extractum Rhei Fluidum, Fluid Extract of Rhubarb. Dose, from a half to two drams. Syrupus Rhei et Potassae Compositus, Compound Syrup of Rhubarb and Potassa, Neutralizing Cordial. Dose, from one to four drams. Specific Medicine Rheum. Dose, from one to twenty minims. Physiological Action—The influence of this agent is peculiar. It is a laxative first, cathartic if in extreme doses, and subsequently astringent. Ellingwood’s American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy - Page 372
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American Materia Medica, Therapeuti
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oil, full strength, may be applied
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A syrup made from the leaves reliev
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may be felt, and more or less delir
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teaspoonful doses every hour is the
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disease are removed and intestinal
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Webster has used aconite externally
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ADONIS. Adonis vernalis. Synonyms
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circulations and overcomes constipa
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TRITICUM. Agropyron repens. Synonym
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in atonic conditions of the nerves,
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acts exceedingly well with helonias
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ALOES. Aloes socotrina. Synonym—A
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heavily coated tongue and constipat
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PREPARATIONS— Tincture Amygdalus
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intestinal canal, is that of an irr
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headache, light and dull; restlessn
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efficient. In tuberculosis, it has
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acute cold it is a useful remedy. I
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heart in complete systole, and in s
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Pawinsky rarely met with unfavorabl
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irregularity. The radial pulse was
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The Removal of Dropsical Accumulati
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Specific Symptomatology—Suppressi
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pyelitis and in pyelonephritis. It
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inflammation of any organ from trau
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SANTONICA. Artemisia pauciflora. Sy
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I was consulted concerning an irrit
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The stimulant properties of this ag
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It is also beneficial as a local an
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sugar, salts. PREPARATIONS— Oleor
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In the influence of this remedy upo
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In the therapeutics of all continue
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headache, with indisposition, malai
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Atropine. Atropine is the essential
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influence is positively enhanced by
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and upon the nutritive functions of
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the treatment. It should be used in
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Baptisin (a bitter glucoside), bapt
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continued. In the long protracted a
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BETULA. Betula alba. Synonym—Whit
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Agaricus acts upon the nerves of th
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inflammations of the thoracic visce
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temperature of 101 1/2 degrees. I d
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The drug is antiperiodic, febrifuge
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ten to twenty minims, and the solid
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It is an excellent remedy in gonorr
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Its influence upon the circulation
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infusion, capsicum and white- oak b
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In gastralgia, irritable stomach, n
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pungent. Dose, from five to ten dro
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The following is an excellent, simp
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This remedy as a partus preparator
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applied to ulcers of the os uteri.
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5. In the treatment of cases of Cra
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for a length of time. It has been b
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tonic. Where disorders of the stoma
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This agent operates in harmony with
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The oil of the herb and of the seed
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general bubonic inflammation. He be
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It will quickly overcome the jaundi
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of arterial pressure, vomiting or g
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of the back, in myalgia, in severe
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In the male it is valuable in gonor
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Quinine destroys the plasmodium mal
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essential importance in the reducti
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materially improve its local influe
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in water. Dose, from one-tenth to f
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The writer, for nearly thirty-five.
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ten or fifteen drops of dioscorea.
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Physiological Action—The natives
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heumatism, although it may be presc
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Collinsonia is a heart tonic of dir
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Shoemaker extols collinsonia in the
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CONIUM. Conium maculatum. Synonyms
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CONVALLARIA. Convallaria majalis. S
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conduces to rest and sleep, and ind
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COPAIBA. Copaiba langsdorffii. Part
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conditions of the glandular structu
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We should confirm or disapprove the
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other remedies are only palliative
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Dr. Jernigan experimented very exte
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It checks mild cases of irregular u
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In scrofulous children its action i
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every two hours. To the animals who
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or uterine disorders and is prompt
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In chronic skin disorders with mark
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temperature somewhat, and im. prove
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CONSTITUENTS—Saponin. PREPARATION
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dryness in the mouth and constricti
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This plant grows throughout the cen
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headache of a bursting character, a
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I think this sedative influence is
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Its use in cholera infantum has bee
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train of the symptoms supervened. H
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symptoms abated rapidly, and the pa
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Twenty to forty minims of echinacea
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Specific Symptomatology—This agen
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Therapy—A diuretic useful in supp
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the anemia. Ergot acts upon the hea
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muscular fibers. Mammary tumors, fr
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tendency to hemorrhage, and in a fr
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increased mucous discharges. As an
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It is especially valuable in chroni
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minims. Physiological Action—The
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similar color, indicating a cholago
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Specific Gravel Root. Dose, from fi
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following measles. It will prevent
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Therapy—It relieves general distr
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advised it in both acute and chroni
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head lowered. Therapy—In uterine
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elaxation is present, it is of serv
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congestion of the pelvic circulatio
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doses of two or three minims of the
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gelsemium for its influence here, i
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irritation, but belladonna acts upo
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stitchlike pains, in the deep muscl
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I have heard physicians say that th
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upon as a bitter tonic and constant
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the menstrual periods, continuing t
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It has a wide reputation among the
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torpor of the liver and spleen in t
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Specific Symptomatology—Soreness
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HELLEBORUS. Helleborus niger. Synon
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manifestations. The tongue is heavi
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Part Employed—The strobiles. CONS
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Thirty minims in two ounces of wate
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conditions of the heart muscle. In
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It is valuable in from one-fourth t
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Cuthberton gave hydrastis canadensi
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soothing influence, and for its sed
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Concussion, shock or injury to the
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the course of cough if there be gre
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It promotes waste, and elimination
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Therapy—It is indicated when ther
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eczema, the local use of the juice
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If Kalmia would relieve other cases
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extending down the inside of the th
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The preparation of lobelia which is
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supports the heart; it overcomes ex
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Because of the great importance pla
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cough and repeated if possible on t
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Spasm of the glottis has been contr
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the animals bitten by the same dog,
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and eliminative organs. Specific Sy
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In diseases of the respiratory appa
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Administration—The active princip
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tonic and corrective to disorders o
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Dr. Jennie M. Covert reports extrem
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He believes that a tea made of alfa
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In Asiatic cholera, oil of cajuput,
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cold and damp, with nausea and vomi
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tranquil condition, reflex symptoms
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MYRICA. Myrica cerifera. Synonyms
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There are universal chills, rose-co
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stomach when poisoning has occurred
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the size of the dose. It promotes t
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of the alkaloid morphine. It may al
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Codeine has a marked influence upon
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This agent is so convenient and pro
Page 321 and 322: if there be occasional quick, sharp
Page 323 and 324: injection of a few drops of a liqui
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Page 329 and 330: influence, and will therefore be fo
Page 331 and 332: eadily soluble in alcohol, sparingl
Page 333 and 334: upon it in these cases. It stimulat
Page 335 and 336: Physiological Action—Though the y
Page 337 and 338: Dr. Waska, of Chicago is a strong a
Page 339 and 340: It is a powerful anti-diphtheritic
Page 341 and 342: not been moved for three days, nor
Page 343 and 344: induces normal equilibrium. The dos
Page 345 and 346: Pilocarpine has a selective action
Page 347 and 348: A cigarette is prepared of cubebs,
Page 349 and 350: Morrill of Lincoln, Nebraska, is au
Page 351 and 352: The agent will relieve cerebral hyp
Page 353 and 354: Therapy—In susceptible patients i
Page 355 and 356: Plantago is of immediate benefit, D
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Page 359 and 360: It causes a sensation of acridity i
Page 361 and 362: Inactive engorgements, or stagnatio
Page 363 and 364: Therapy-The agent is a hydragogue d
Page 365 and 366: PRUNUS. Prunus serotina. Synonym—
Page 367 and 368: Therapy—Kino is less used than fo
Page 369 and 370: the use of quassia, either alone or
Page 371: PREPARATIONS— Fluid Extract Casca
Page 375 and 376: Macerate the Rhubarb, Golden Seal a
Page 377 and 378: In many cases of urinary incontinen
Page 379 and 380: nervous twitching and wandering of
Page 381 and 382: correcting the brain phenomena. It
Page 383 and 384: the bowels with castor oil and to f
Page 385 and 386: with this remedy alone. SALIX Salix
Page 387 and 388: Therapy—The strong infusion is di
Page 389 and 390: and to other growths of a similar n
Page 391 and 392: SAXIFRAGE. Saxifraga pennsylvanica.
Page 393 and 394: SCUTELLARIA. Scutellaria lateriflor
Page 395 and 396: Cactus exercises a direct influence
Page 397 and 398: It may be given with excellent resu
Page 399 and 400: where six drops of specific cactus
Page 401 and 402: mitchella repens, and other agents
Page 403 and 404: eliable lady physician assures me t
Page 405 and 406: Physiological Action—Mustard is e
Page 407 and 408: these poultices. On the first day o
Page 409 and 410: DULCAMARA. Solanum dulcamara. Synon
Page 411 and 412: varieties of each wedge into each o
Page 413 and 414: SPIGELIA. Spigelia marilandica. Syn
Page 415 and 416: It has a specific influence in the
Page 417 and 418: een used in conjunction with lobeli
Page 419 and 420: In asthma the paroxysm is shortened
Page 421 and 422: A prominent writer states that nux
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muscles, resembling trismus, with c
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Strychnine Sulphate. Dose, from 1/1
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On the ground of these experiments
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patient up, placing her in an excel
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chronic cases. In inflammation of t
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any kind it is of service and will
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Thuja is directly indicated, first,
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serum. Then in order to cause the l
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distress. The case was cured in a f
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DAMIANA. Turnera aphrodisiaca. Syno
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colorless, nearly odorless; slightl
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atomizer for this purpose. In all t
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the morning. It may be followed sho
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entire condition in check for a tim
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eneficial in some forms of nervous
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The skin is usually soft and covere
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Other observers have spoken most hi
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In puerperal convulsions the mass o
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The agent has long been a domestic
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Therapy—Given prior to labor it i
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involution and assists in retaining
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It has long been known to exercise
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the urinary apparatus. Therapy—Dr
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Synonym—Ginger. CONSTITUENTS— V
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