The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology

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486 Index Bertens, Hans, 16 Beskid, Lidia, 341 Best, Steven, 14, 16 Beveridge (NHS) health care model, 165, 172, 252±3 Beveridge, William, 68, 450 Bezerra Jr., B., 238 Bhaskar, Roy, 18 Bhatti, Tariq, 206 Bib-Nun, Gavriel, 419 Bichat, Marie-FrancËois-Xavier, 264, 279 Bickel, Janet, 150 Biefang, S., 292 Bijlmakers, L. A., 371 biographical disruption, 257 Birkelund, Gunn E., 86, 87, 108 birth, certainty of, 43, 57 The Birth of the Clinic, 27 birth control, 137, 139, 407 see also contraception Bismarck health care model, 164±5, 168, 172 Bittles, A. H., 400 Bizon, Zdzisøaw, 343 BjoÈ rklund, Anders, 303 black community, United States, 102 Black Report on Health Inequalities, 68, 69, 79, 107, 254, 305 Blair, Tony, 252 Blanco, JoseÂ, 222, 223 Blane, David, 10, 70 Blau, Peter M., 298 Blaxter, Mildred, 64, 70 Blendon, Robert J., 185, 189, 190, 458, 465, 473 Blishen, Bernard, 201, 207±8 blood contamination, 264, 275, 277 blood, diseases of, 337 blood lipids, 121 blood pressure, 119, 120, 121, 325 Bloom, Gerald, 467, 468, 470, 471, 472, 473 Bloom, Samuel, 238 Blumer, Herbert, 7, 8, 9 Bo, Xianfeng, 468 Bobak, Martin, 64, 350 bodily comforts, as basic human need, 25 Bodstein, R. C. A., 240±1 body absence of, 52, 53 body projects, 49, 54 critical realism, 18 feminism, 15, 27 Foucault's analysis of, 14, 15, 46, 431 health care, 54±6 illness, 53±4, 60 images of, 49±51 lived body, 44±5, 51±4 and mind, 51, 54, 55±6 ontology of, 44 phenomenology, 44±5, 51±3 postmodernist discourses, 16, 49±50 presence in medical encounters, 146 and self, 52±4, 55±6 social construction of, 15, 44, 45 social regulation of, 44, 45±8 sociology of, 14±15, 43±61, 247, 250, 254, 255, 257 technology, 43, 49, 56±9 unbounded, 55±6 uncertainty about, 43, 44, 48±53, 56±9, 60 body paralysis, 54 body parts, 57 The Body and Society, 14, 44±5 Boerma, W. G., 168 Boikov, V., 323 Bolaria, B. Singh, 205, 206 Boltanski, Luc, 280 Bordieu, Pierre, 240 Borkan, Jeffrey, 423 Bosma, H., 121, 122 Botswana, 368 Bourdieu, Pierre, 12, 13, 17±18, 280 Bowling, Ann, 70 Boyd-Wickizer, J., 190 Boys in White, 7 Bradshaw, D., 381, 383, 384, 385 brain injuries, 54, 56 Braithwaite, Valerie, 99 Brandeis school, 152 BraÈnnstroÈ m, Inger, 313 Brazil, 233±42 birth rate, 233±4 divorce rate, 415 fertility rate, 415 gender differences in mortality, 101 health care system, 234±5 health characteristics, 233±6 marriage rate, 415 private health insurance, 234±5 Brazilian Center for Health Studies, 239 Brazilian Graduate Association in Collective Health, 239 breast cancer, 35, 97, 270 BreÂmond, Marc, 279 Brenner, H., 291 Brezhnev, Leonid Ilich, 322 Brijlal, V., 378 Britain African missionaries, 366 changes in economy, 246±7 collectivism, 246±7, 251, 253 community care policies, 106 corporatist model of policy-making, 208 depression, 270 gender differences in health, 105 gender differences in mortality, 101, 102 government control of insurance, 164 GP role, 160, 165, 168, 194 health care system, 160, 162, 164, 165, 166, 172, 252±3 health expenditure as share of GDP, 431 health inequalities, 65±6, 68, 83, 84, 86, 105, 107±8, 254±5
health services to ethnic groups, 138 HIV/AIDS, 103, 250 illness experience, 255±7 individualism, 246±7, 251, 253 infant mortality, 310, 430 institutional care, 172 life expectancy, 101, 430 medical culture, 170 medical profession, 151, 152 medical sociology, 246±58 neglect of men's health, 98 non-manual workers, 302 nursingprofession, 248±9 postmodernism, 16 poverty, 302 procedures not covered by NHS, 194 professional home care, 172 purchaser±provider split, 160 residence in communal establishments, 106 smoking, 305 women physicians, 150 women's unpaid work, 104 work stress, 120, 122, 123 British Registrar General, 67, 72±3 British Sociological Association's (BSA) Medical Sociology Group, 247±8 bronchitis, 436 Bronfman, Mario, 220, 223, 224, 225 Broom, D., 430 Brown, E. R., 181 Brown, George W., 292 Brown, Julie, 328, 329 Brown, R., 366 Brown, R. S., 186 Browne Commission (1986), 373 de Bruin, A., 70 Buddhism, 446 Bumgarner, J. Richard, 466 Bungener, Martine, 265, 269 Bunton, Robin, 14, 16, 257 Bunzel, R., 30 bureaucracy, 11, 161 Burgess, E., 132 Burgess, Robert, 248 Burkina Faso, 370, 371 Burkitt, D., 51 Burrows, E. H., 367 Burrows, R., 59 Burton, Richard, 393 Burundi, 368, 370 Bury, Michael, 15, 250, 257 Buthelezi, G., 378, 383 BuÂ tora, M., 360 Butrym, Zofia, 344 bypass surgery, 97 Cai, Renhua, 468 Cai, Wen-Wei, 467 CaÂkiovaÂ, E., 347, 351 Callinicos, Alex, 7, 10±11 Index 487 Calnan, Michael, 152 Cambodian refugees, 137 Cameron, Elaine, 98 Campbell, John Creighton, 168, 169, 455 Campero, Lourdes, 225 Campos, Roberto, 214 Canada cost containment initiatives, 161, 203±4 divorce rate, 415 elderly, 172, 207 fertility rate, 415 government role, 161, 164, 166±7, 199±201, 202±4 health care system, 161, 164, 166±7, 199±210 health expenditure as share of GDP, 203±4 health promotion, 205±7 hospitals, 201, 208±9 institutional care, 172, 208±9 marriage rate, 415 medical profession, 166±7, 200, 201, 202, 208, 210 Medicare, 201±5, 206, 208, 209 mental illness, 194 NAFTA, 222 privatization pressures, 209 Regional Health Authorities (RHAs), 208±9 regionalization, 207±9 Canada Health Act (CHA) (1984), 204 Canada Health and Social Transfer (CHST), 204 cancers, 78, 82, 97, 98 Australia, 436 Brazil, 234 China, 466, 475n Czech Republic, 349 France, 269, 270, 275±6, 280 germ theory, 183 Germany, 289, 291 Japan, 442 Poland, 337, 338 Russia, 326 South Africa, 382, 383 Sweden, 303 United States, 35 Cape Verde, 368 capitalism, 10, 11, 45 capitalist medical systems, 10 Caplan, R. D., 117, 119 Carballo, M., 135 Cardaci, Dora, 223 cardiac pacemakers, 57 cardiac valves, 57 cardiovascular diseases, 82 Brazil, 234 Czech Republic, 349 Finland, 85±6 France, 263, 267, 269 Germany, 289, 291 Israel, 417±18 Sweden, 303 work stress, 119±20 Cardoso, F. H., 237
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The Blackwell Companion to Medical
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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY T
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Copyright # Blackwell Publishers Lt
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vi Contents 9 The Convergence and D
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Contributors Masahira Anesaki, Ph.D
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x Contributors Kristina Orfali, Ph.
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xii Preface Talcott Parsons in the
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Part I Substantive Topics
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4 William C. Cockerham By the end o
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6 William C. Cockerham and physicia
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8 William C. Cockerham of the ``neg
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10 William C. Cockerham values are
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12 William C. Cockerham their treat
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14 William C. Cockerham notably the
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16 William C. Cockerham poststructu
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18 William C. Cockerham determinist
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20 William C. Cockerham Callinicos,
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22 William C. Cockerham Ritzer, Geo
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24 Stella Quah values, beliefs, and
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26 Stella Quah 1951: 11) defined cu
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28 Stella Quah that culture might e
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30 Stella Quah health status were o
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32 Stella Quah cultural variations
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34 Stella Quah disease. However, ``
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36 Stella Quah amongothers. These a
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38 Stella Quah References Adler, Sh
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40 Stella Quah Ledesma, Rita V. 199
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42 Stella Quah ÐÐ. 1969. People i
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44 Sarah Nettleton sociology of emb
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46 Sarah Nettleton particularly med
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48 Sarah Nettleton Thus the body co
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50 Sarah Nettleton conventional ide
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52 Sarah Nettleton embodied social
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54 Sarah Nettleton ``re-embodiment.
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56 Sarah Nettleton social identity,
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58 Sarah Nettleton More knowledge,
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60 Sarah Nettleton undermine social
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62 Sarah Nettleton Featherstone, M.
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4 Health and Social Stratification
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66 Eero Lahelma mid-seventeenth cen
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68 Eero Lahelma evidence was obtain
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70 Eero Lahelma between countries.
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72 Eero Lahelma Occupational Classi
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74 Eero Lahelma live in families, h
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76 Eero Lahelma Table 4.2 ``Hard''
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78 Eero Lahelma Figure 4.3 Summary
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80 Eero Lahelma Table 4.3 Age-adjus
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82 Eero Lahelma Table 4.4 Mortality
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84 Eero Lahelma women there was a t
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86 Eero Lahelma largely accounts fo
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88 Eero Lahelma inequalities show a
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90 Eero Lahelma Cavelaars, AdrieÈn
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92 Eero Lahelma distribution of hea
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5 From Women's Health to a Gender A
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96 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas the
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98 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Thi
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100 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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102 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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104 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas 4
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106 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ge
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108 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Am
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110 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ar
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112 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ma
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6 Work Stress and Health Johannes S
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116 Johannes Siegrist terms of soci
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118 Johannes Siegrist high psycholo
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120 Johannes Siegrist Of the ten pr
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122 Johannes Siegrist stronger in m
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124 Johannes Siegrist Edwards, J. R
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7 Migration, Health, and Stress Jud
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128 Judith T. Shuval 1989; Hammar 1
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130 Judith T. Shuval (personal skil
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132 Judith T. Shuval But when migra
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134 Judith T. Shuval they are to en
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136 Judith T. Shuval adaptive funct
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138 Judith T. Shuval The prevailing
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140 Judith T. Shuval large numbers
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142 Judith T. Shuval Kritz, M. M.,
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8 Health Professions and Occupation
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146 Elianne Riska of its expertise
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148 Elianne Riska Figure 8.1 Theore
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150 Elianne Riska vanguard that wil
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152 Elianne Riska The body is seen
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154 Elianne Riska research has give
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156 Elianne Riska Fisher, Sue. 1986
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158 Elianne Riska Wilsford, David.
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160 Fred Stevens International nter
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162 Fred Stevens accessible for eve
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164 Fred Stevens provision of healt
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166 Fred Stevens actors: the medica
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168 Fred Stevens second-level hospi
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170 Fred Stevens issues of health a
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172 Fred Stevens in southern Europe
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174 Fred Stevens countries seem to
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176 Fred Stevens Selznick, Philip.
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The Americas
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The American Health Care System 181
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11 The Evolution of Health Care in
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The Evolution of Health Care in Can
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 215 thi
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The aforementioned trend is an indi
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 219 poo
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 221 on
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 223 bee
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 225 Add
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 227 Bro
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 229 Ð
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 231 Ð
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13 Social Science and Health in Bra
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Social Science and Health in Brazil
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Western Europe
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Medical Sociology in Great Britain
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15 The French Paradoxes Kristina Or
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The French Paradoxes 265 Conditions
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The French Paradoxes 267 clearly th
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The link between unemployment and h
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The French Paradoxes 271 of deaths
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there are also a great many occupat
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The French Paradoxes 275 since 1994
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The French Paradoxes 277 care insti
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The French Paradoxes 279 as a field
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The French Paradoxes 281 3 Active l
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The French Paradoxes 283 CREDOC. 19
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The French Paradoxes 285 Orfali, Kr
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16 Medical Sociology in Germany Ola
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Medical Sociology in Germany 289 al
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Medical Sociology in Germany 291 pr
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Medical Sociology in Germany 293 co
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Medical Sociology in Germany 295 Cl
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Medical Sociology in Germany 297 Sc
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Table 17.1 Sex-specific life expect
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Society, Health, and Health Care in
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Russia and Eastern Europe
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The Russian Health Care Experiment
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In and Out of Communism 335 resourc
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In and Out of Communism 337 levels
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In and Out of Communism 339 fat ros
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In and Out of Communism 341 associa
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In and Out of Communism 343 Funds r
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In and Out of Communism 345 of empi
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20 Transformation of the Health Car
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Transformation of the Health Care S
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21 Health and Health Care in South
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Health and Health Care in South Afr
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22 Health, Health Care, and Medical
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Table 22.1 Social characteristics o
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Health, Health Care, and Medical Ed
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Health and Health Care in Israel 41
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Table 23.1 Health status of immigra
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healthy'' or ``health is most impor
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24 Medicine and Health Care in Aust
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Medicine and Health Care in Austral
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Medicine and Health Care in Austral
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Page 457 and 458: 25 Health, Illness, and Health Poli
Page 459 and 460: Health, Illness, and Health Policy
Page 473 and 474: Transformation of Health Care in th
Page 499 and 500: Abbott, Andrew, 149 Abbott, Pamela,
Page 501: Arvidsson, Ola, 311, 313 asbestos,
Page 505 and 506: Chu, K., 188 Chu, Li, 461 church, s
Page 507 and 508: professional home care, 172 smoking
Page 509 and 510: and culture, 26 health status in Au
Page 511 and 512: inequalities in life expectancy, 10
Page 513 and 514: government involvement, 163, 164±9
Page 515 and 516: Hull, D., 131 Human Genome Project,
Page 517 and 518: job stress, 104, 114±23 Johanet, G
Page 519 and 520: United States, 101, 300, 430 life s
Page 521 and 522: symbolic interaction, 8 United Stat
Page 523 and 524: Israel, 413, 414 Jordan, 407 moveme
Page 525 and 526: poverty Africa, 370 Brazil, 235±6
Page 527 and 528: Sanborn, K. O., 31 Sandbach, F. R.,
Page 529 and 530: Britain, 247, 248 culture, 23, 25,
Page 531 and 532: Tetelboin, Carolina, 222 Thailand,
Page 533 and 534: water pollution, 350 Watson, J., 51
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