The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology

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508 Index PeÂrez-Gil, Sara Elena, 225 Perreira, K. M., 194 persecution, 126±7 person±environment fit model, 117, 119, 122 personality Freud's structure of, 6 gender differences in, 103 Parsons, 25±6 Persson, M., 309 Peru, gender differences in mortality, 101 Pescosolido, Bernice A., 13, 183, 186, 187 Peshkov, Sergei, 323 Peter, R., 119, 121, 122, 291 Petersen, Alan, 14, 16, 257, 431 Peterson, Alan, 14 PetroÂ leos Mexicanos, 219 Petty, William, 65±6 Pfaff, H., 292 Pflanz, M., 289 phenomenology, 44±5, 51±3, 344 The Phenomenology of Perception, 52 Philippines, 33±4 Philipsen, Hans, 161, 170, 171 physician±patient relationship Australia, 435, 436 conflict theory, 10 cultural factors, 33±4 Czech Republic, 356±8 France, 276, 277 Israel, 424 migrant patients, 138 Russia, 328 sick role concept, 5±6, 7, 8, 28, 29, 33±5, 292, 397±9 physicians Arab world, 401 Australia, 431±4 contempt for medical sociology, 4 Czech Republic, 351, 352, 353, 355±6 deprofessionalization, 11±12, 183, 433 England, 327 France, 273, 275±6, 279, 327 Germany, 287±8, 327 Israel, 413±14, 419, 422±3 Japan, 447, 451±2 nurse±physician ratios, 171 patients, 340, 342±3 physician-centered professional theories, 144±9 Poland, 336, 338, 340 relations with hospitals, 164, 168±9 Russia, 323, 327, 328 as salaried employees in US, 148 Sweden, 308, 309, 310 US managed care, 186, 187±8, 192±4 women, 149±50 Piatkowski, Wøodzimierz, 344 Pierret, Jeanine, 265, 269 Pillsbury, Barbara, 404 Pinell, Patrice, 280 plastic surgery, 49, 254 Platt, Stephen, 248 Pleiger, Doris, 208 Pliskin, K. L., 138 pneumonia, 383 point-of-service (POS) designs, 185, 186 Poland, 334±45 alcohol use, 338, 339, 340, 342 cancers, 337, 338 diet, 338±9, 341±2 health care reforms (1999), 342±3 health care system, 165 health inequalities, 340±1, 342, 343 industrialization, 335±6, 337±8 infant mortality, 184, 341 life expectancy, 335, 336, 342 medical profession, 336, 338 medical sociology, 343±5 mortality, 337, 338, 340, 341 physicians, 336, 338, 340 post-communism, 339±43 pre-communism, 334±5 shadow economy, 341 Solidarity, 10 stress, 336, 340, 341 under communism, 335±9 work absenteeism, 336 poliomyelitis, 369, 412 political equality, 10 political influence, 10 politics, 240±1 Pollack, Michael, 268 Pollak, Michael, 277, 280 pollution, 337, 350 polyurethane hearts, 57 Pomey, Marie-Pascal, 173 Popay, Jennie, 255, 257 popular medicine see alternative medicine population growth, Arab world, 394 population pressures, 126±7 population statistics, 66 population surveys, 70 Porter, Sam, 151 Portes, A., 128 Portugal African missionaries, 366 alcohol use, 304±5 GP role, 168 health care system, 165 institutional care, 172 non-manual workers, 302, 314n professional home care, 172 work stress, 120, 122, 123 positivism, 237 post-traumatic stress disorders, 135 postindustrial society, 4, 13, 16 postmodernism, 4, 11, 13, 14, 16, 251 experience of illness, 257 migration, 126±40 sociology of the body, 16, 49±50 poststructuralism, 13±14, 15±16, 18, 19, 431 Poullier, Jean-Pierre, 167, 169, 173
poverty Africa, 370 Brazil, 235±6 Britain, 302 cause of migration, 126±7 Denmark, 303 deviant behavior, 9 health inequalities, 59, 66, 302±3, 311 Ireland, 302 Israel, 416 Russia, 320 South Africa, 381 Sweden, 302±3, 311 United States, 182, 190 Powell, Margaret, 446, 447, 450 Powell, Walter W., 163 power disciplinary power, 46 experience of illness, 256±7 and knowledge, 14, 15, 16 of medicine, 14, 152±3, 431 poststructuralism, 14, 16, 431 social constructionism, 15, 152±3 social practices, 17 power distance, 170±1 Prado, Carlos Alberto, 220 pragmatic acculturation, 26±7, 30±1, 36±7 predictability, 17 predictive tests, 58 preferred provider organizations (PPOs), 185, 186 pregnancy fetus scanning, 50±1 France, 271 Mexican studies, 225 sociology of the body, 55 women's health, 95±6 Press, I., 35 prestige, as measure of social stratification, 71 Preston, Samuel H., 300 Pretorius, E., 367 prevention paradox, 66 preventive health behavior, 28, 29±31 preventive health care Canada, 199 China, 458, 467, 468 Soviet Union, 327 Sweden, 310, 311±13 USA, 190 Price, C., 126, 132 Price, M., 373 primary health care, 160, 173 Africa, 371, 372 Britain, 250, 310 Czech Republic, 358 Israel, 419 Norway, 310 Poland, 338, 343 Russia, 327 South Africa, 376, 380 Sweden, 308, 310 Index 509 primates, 59 Pringle, Rosemary, 150, 431 prisons, regulation of bodies, 46 process theory, 117 The Profession of Medicine, 146±7 professions sociology of, 145±6 see also general practitioners; medical profession; midwifery; nursingprofession; physicians profit motive, 10, 12 prostate problems, 98 prostate surgery, 183 prosthetics, 57 prostitution, 100 Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, 5, 24 Psathas, George, 146 psychiatric disorders Australia, 436 Dubai, 407 gender differences, 105 Germany, 292 Poland, 344 work stress, 120, 121 psychiatry, 5 psychoanalysis, 5 psychological distress, 135 public health, 3, 14, 160 AIDS prevention in Thailand, 31 China, 458, 467 France, 264, 266, 274±8 Poland, 344 Public Health Act (1848) (Britain), 66 Puchalski, Krzysztof, 344 Qatar, medical schools, 403 Qien Xinzhong, 464, 467 Quah, Stella R., 26, 30, 31, 33, 36 quality management techniques, 114 Quandagno, Jill, 416 Quesnel, AndreÂ, 225 Qvarsell, Roger, 298, 311 Qvist, Carl, 67 racism Australia, 429, 436±7 South Africa, 366, 373, 375 Radley, Alan, 15 Radochonski, Mieczysøaw, 344 Raffel, Marshall W., 173 Rahav, Giora, 419 Rahkonen, Ossi, 79, 80, 82, 87, 101, 107 RamõÂrez, Juan Carlos, 225 Ranade, Wendy, 252, 253 rape, 100 Raspe, H. H., 292 rationality formal versus substantive, 11±12 postmodernism, 16 as value orientation, 36
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The Blackwell Companion to Medical
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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY T
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Copyright # Blackwell Publishers Lt
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vi Contents 9 The Convergence and D
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Contributors Masahira Anesaki, Ph.D
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x Contributors Kristina Orfali, Ph.
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xii Preface Talcott Parsons in the
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Part I Substantive Topics
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4 William C. Cockerham By the end o
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6 William C. Cockerham and physicia
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8 William C. Cockerham of the ``neg
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10 William C. Cockerham values are
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12 William C. Cockerham their treat
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14 William C. Cockerham notably the
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16 William C. Cockerham poststructu
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18 William C. Cockerham determinist
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20 William C. Cockerham Callinicos,
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22 William C. Cockerham Ritzer, Geo
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24 Stella Quah values, beliefs, and
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26 Stella Quah 1951: 11) defined cu
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28 Stella Quah that culture might e
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30 Stella Quah health status were o
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32 Stella Quah cultural variations
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34 Stella Quah disease. However, ``
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36 Stella Quah amongothers. These a
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38 Stella Quah References Adler, Sh
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40 Stella Quah Ledesma, Rita V. 199
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42 Stella Quah ÐÐ. 1969. People i
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44 Sarah Nettleton sociology of emb
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46 Sarah Nettleton particularly med
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48 Sarah Nettleton Thus the body co
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50 Sarah Nettleton conventional ide
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52 Sarah Nettleton embodied social
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54 Sarah Nettleton ``re-embodiment.
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56 Sarah Nettleton social identity,
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58 Sarah Nettleton More knowledge,
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60 Sarah Nettleton undermine social
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62 Sarah Nettleton Featherstone, M.
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4 Health and Social Stratification
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66 Eero Lahelma mid-seventeenth cen
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68 Eero Lahelma evidence was obtain
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70 Eero Lahelma between countries.
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72 Eero Lahelma Occupational Classi
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74 Eero Lahelma live in families, h
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76 Eero Lahelma Table 4.2 ``Hard''
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78 Eero Lahelma Figure 4.3 Summary
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80 Eero Lahelma Table 4.3 Age-adjus
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82 Eero Lahelma Table 4.4 Mortality
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84 Eero Lahelma women there was a t
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86 Eero Lahelma largely accounts fo
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88 Eero Lahelma inequalities show a
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90 Eero Lahelma Cavelaars, AdrieÈn
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92 Eero Lahelma distribution of hea
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5 From Women's Health to a Gender A
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96 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas the
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98 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Thi
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100 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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102 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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104 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas 4
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106 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ge
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108 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Am
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110 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ar
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112 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ma
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6 Work Stress and Health Johannes S
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116 Johannes Siegrist terms of soci
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118 Johannes Siegrist high psycholo
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120 Johannes Siegrist Of the ten pr
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122 Johannes Siegrist stronger in m
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124 Johannes Siegrist Edwards, J. R
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7 Migration, Health, and Stress Jud
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128 Judith T. Shuval 1989; Hammar 1
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130 Judith T. Shuval (personal skil
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132 Judith T. Shuval But when migra
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134 Judith T. Shuval they are to en
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136 Judith T. Shuval adaptive funct
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138 Judith T. Shuval The prevailing
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140 Judith T. Shuval large numbers
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142 Judith T. Shuval Kritz, M. M.,
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8 Health Professions and Occupation
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146 Elianne Riska of its expertise
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148 Elianne Riska Figure 8.1 Theore
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150 Elianne Riska vanguard that wil
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152 Elianne Riska The body is seen
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154 Elianne Riska research has give
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156 Elianne Riska Fisher, Sue. 1986
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158 Elianne Riska Wilsford, David.
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160 Fred Stevens International nter
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162 Fred Stevens accessible for eve
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164 Fred Stevens provision of healt
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166 Fred Stevens actors: the medica
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168 Fred Stevens second-level hospi
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170 Fred Stevens issues of health a
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172 Fred Stevens in southern Europe
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174 Fred Stevens countries seem to
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176 Fred Stevens Selznick, Philip.
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The Americas
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The American Health Care System 181
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11 The Evolution of Health Care in
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The Evolution of Health Care in Can
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 215 thi
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The aforementioned trend is an indi
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 219 poo
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 221 on
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 223 bee
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 225 Add
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 227 Bro
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 229 Ð
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 231 Ð
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13 Social Science and Health in Bra
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Social Science and Health in Brazil
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Western Europe
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Medical Sociology in Great Britain
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15 The French Paradoxes Kristina Or
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The French Paradoxes 265 Conditions
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The French Paradoxes 267 clearly th
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The link between unemployment and h
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The French Paradoxes 271 of deaths
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there are also a great many occupat
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The French Paradoxes 275 since 1994
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The French Paradoxes 277 care insti
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The French Paradoxes 279 as a field
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The French Paradoxes 281 3 Active l
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The French Paradoxes 283 CREDOC. 19
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The French Paradoxes 285 Orfali, Kr
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16 Medical Sociology in Germany Ola
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Medical Sociology in Germany 289 al
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Medical Sociology in Germany 291 pr
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Medical Sociology in Germany 293 co
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Medical Sociology in Germany 295 Cl
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Medical Sociology in Germany 297 Sc
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Table 17.1 Sex-specific life expect
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Society, Health, and Health Care in
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Russia and Eastern Europe
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The Russian Health Care Experiment
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In and Out of Communism 335 resourc
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In and Out of Communism 337 levels
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In and Out of Communism 339 fat ros
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In and Out of Communism 341 associa
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In and Out of Communism 343 Funds r
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In and Out of Communism 345 of empi
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20 Transformation of the Health Car
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Transformation of the Health Care S
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21 Health and Health Care in South
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Health and Health Care in South Afr
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22 Health, Health Care, and Medical
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Table 22.1 Social characteristics o
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Health, Health Care, and Medical Ed
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Health and Health Care in Israel 41
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Table 23.1 Health status of immigra
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healthy'' or ``health is most impor
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24 Medicine and Health Care in Aust
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Medicine and Health Care in Austral
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25 Health, Illness, and Health Poli
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Health, Illness, and Health Policy
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Page 473 and 474: Transformation of Health Care in th
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Page 501 and 502: Arvidsson, Ola, 311, 313 asbestos,
Page 503 and 504: health services to ethnic groups, 1
Page 505 and 506: Chu, K., 188 Chu, Li, 461 church, s
Page 507 and 508: professional home care, 172 smoking
Page 509 and 510: and culture, 26 health status in Au
Page 511 and 512: inequalities in life expectancy, 10
Page 513 and 514: government involvement, 163, 164±9
Page 515 and 516: Hull, D., 131 Human Genome Project,
Page 517 and 518: job stress, 104, 114±23 Johanet, G
Page 519 and 520: United States, 101, 300, 430 life s
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Page 527 and 528: Sanborn, K. O., 31 Sandbach, F. R.,
Page 529 and 530: Britain, 247, 248 culture, 23, 25,
Page 531 and 532: Tetelboin, Carolina, 222 Thailand,
Page 533 and 534: water pollution, 350 Watson, J., 51
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